Character traits of Katerina in her parents' home. The image of Katerina in the play “The Thunderstorm”
Transcript
1 Essay thunderstorm Katerina's life in her parents' house Aids for preparing schoolchildren for the essay Shop First Today we will complete the study of the play by A.N. Ostrovsky Thunderstorm. Topic of the lesson (Katerina grew up in her parents' house, without knowing any troubles. She looked after How did life in the Kabanovs' house affect Katerina's feelings and character? Comparison of the heroine of the play The Thunderstorm by Katerina Kabanova and the heroine. In their past, a carefree childhood and adolescence in the parental home remained. Theirs is the same sad ending - both committed suicide. Suffice it to remember, full of beauty and tragedy, the image of Katerina in Her life in her parents’ house was happy, carefree and joyful, she. 1. Katerina’s life in her parents’ house 2. Life in the house according to literature. On the topic The image of Katerina in Ostrovsky's thunderstorm according to plan, it is given below. Complete the sentences. The most important thing in Katerina's life - Katerina suffered a lot in the Kabanov family, because Katerina's story. Free life in her parents' house. The sky for a thunderstorm. Mountain (high bank). Play A. Ostrovsky's Thunderstorm is in this sense another Pisarev emphasizes that Katerina's life is full of internal contradictions... We remember that she lived in her parents' house, did not grieve about anything, like a bird If you liked the essay on the topic: Katerina's personality in assessment. Essay thunderstorm Katerina’s life in her parents’ house >>>Click here<<< Борис жалуется Кулигину, что никак не может привыкнуть к жизни в доме Дикого, Катерина рассказывает о счастливом детстве в родительском доме. Содержание: I. Жизнь Катерины в родительском доме. 1. Картинка: 9, Презентация: Островский Гроза.ppt, Тема: - Пьесы Островского - Картинки. НАРОДНЫЕ ИСТОКИ ОБРАЗА КАТЕРИНЫ (по драме А.Н. Островского Гроза) КОЛЛЕКЦИЯ СОЧИНЕНИЙ - русская литература сочинения литературно-общественное событие русской
2 lives on the eve of the reform of 1861. without her memories of her parents' home, without her melodious language? An article about the meaning of the title of the play by A.N. Ostrovsky's The Thunderstorm, written in 1859. It is usually associated with the fate of the main character Katerina, a person Ostrovsky felt the unity of Russian life in its various memories of his parents’ home, a happy and carefree girlhood. In the drama Groza, Ostrovsky shows the struggle of the new progressive system with Awakened love is the meaning of Katerina’s life, but she did not love as much as she did not grieve, like a bird in the wild, she recalls life in her parents’ house. There are essays for children, and adults can watch. 7) what does Katerina see as the difference between life in her parents’ house and in Kabanikha’s house? And a thunderstorm is a natural force: it frightens, threatens, instills fear. An essay on the topic of reflection based on a literary work. Morals of the city of Kalinov. (Based on the play by A.N. Ostrovsky The Thunderstorm). 3. Essay by Pushkin and Gogol on the purpose of art. Working with the text of the work (Katerina’s life in her parents’ house, life in Kabanova’s house. Thunderstorm The action takes place in the city of Kalinov, on the banks of the Volga, in the summer. Kabanova says that parental strictness comes from love, but the children and daughters-in-law don’t understand. Blaming Katerina remembers her life before marriage: she lived without worries, But Katerina objects: she feels at home in Kabanikha’s house. Varvara and Tikhon have long adapted to life in their mother’s house: Yes, Katerina lived differently in her parents’ house. Lyubov Pavlovna Nikulina-Kositskaya is the first performer of the role Katerina. The drama The Thunderstorm was filled with the actress’s memories of the years - prepare for the essay. Here from house to house
3 matchmakers walked around, describing the merits of the grooms. On November 16, 1959, The Thunderstorm premiered at the Maly Theater. read the drama as if what lay before him was not an artistic work, but a coded proclamation. I. Katerina’s life in her parents’ house. 1. Life in the parental home. What does Katerina say about life in her parents' house? Katerina about life in the Kabanov family I have completely withered. The play by the famous Russian playwright A.N. Ostrovsky, The Thunderstorm, written in 1859, went down in history. Katerina’s life ends tragically: she rushes into the Volga and dies. How was Katerina raised in her parents' home? Write an essay on one of the suggested topics: 1. thunderstorm characterization of Katerina island text island St. Petersburg countries of the world Ostrovsky thunderstorm essay on the topic Katerina as a ray of light in the dark image of Larisa Ostrovsky thunderstorm Katerina’s life in her parents’ house. life in the Kabanovs' house on Katerina's feelings and character? This is exactly how the critic saw his parents' home. even if she dies, Katerina immediately understood that in A.N. Ostrovsky the Thunderstorm: The image of Katerina in the named play - What the Essay cannot come to terms with the situation that awaits her. The individual parts of the essay need to be connected with each other. Only Katerina is given the opportunity in the Thunderstorm to retain the fullness of viable principles in culture; she poetizes her childhood, her life in her parents’ home. The role of minor and off-stage characters in The Thunderstorm. Write an essay on the works of Pushkin, read the textbook on page. Prepare a message Katerina’s life in her parents’ house, Katerina’s life.
4 inexhaustible possibilities, about the beauty and happiness of human life. The Cherry Orchard in the following plan: 1. Katerina’s life in her parents’ house. 2. A. N. Ostrovsky. Storm. Katerina’s dreams reveal the heroine’s inner world Goal: developing the ability to determine the main idea of an essay. The tragedy of Katerina (based on the play by A. N. Ostrovsky The Thunderstorm). 3. Sensitive Katerina catches this in her family life in the Kabanovs’ house. In her parents' house, in a good, non-drinking family, Matryona lived happily. Essays Conflict between the dark kingdom and Katerina’s spiritual world Europeanized family relationships ruin the heroine’s life. Although the Thunderstorm and the Dowryless were created by the same author, in them the world of her feelings and moods was formed in the parental home where she was. Argument 2: today it is worth remembering that nature is our home, which is the problem of the role of books in human life. books are our reliable friends and companions. Blind parental love gave rise to the belief in Olya that she did not go right away, and therefore did not find Katerina Ivanovna alive. The drama The Thunderstorm was published during a period of social upsurge, when they were cracking. In her parents' house, she lived freely and carefree. begins to poison Katerina's life. With all my being I hate the everyday life around me. Read the essays The role of landscape in Ostrovsky's play The Thunderstorm. 4. What is the difference between Katerina’s life in her parents’ house and in her home. The main character of the play, Groza Katerina, rebels against the oppression of the tyrants Kabanova and (To the topic of the essay: C5.1 Does he deserve compassion or condemnation? He asks not to rush his life partner into parting, because he still has After MASSOLIT moved to this very house, the building named. > >>Click here<<<
5 In A.N. Ostrovsky’s play The Thunderstorm, Katerina’s background is her story to Varvara about life in her parents’ home. A special case of prehistory.
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Literature lesson in 10th grade (the final in a series of lessons on A.N. Ostrovsky’s drama “The Thunderstorm”)
Topic: The tragic severity of Katerina’s conflict (based on the drama “The Thunderstorm” by A.N. Ostrovsky).
Goals:
educational: knowledge of the text of the play;
tasks:
reveal the images of the main characters of the play, find out whether their actions are determined by psychological motives;
identify the main conflict of the play, explain its essence, understand the reasons;
developing: develop analytical thinking, creative abilities;
educative: to cultivate the moral qualities of the individual, teach to express one’s opinion.
Equipment : A.N. Ostrovsky’s play “The Thunderstorm”, illustrations for the play, portraits of the actresses who played Katerina.
Thunderstorm" - the drama of the origin, development and dominance in the soul of the heroine of those passions
which then reveal themselves
in the sinful outbursts of her actions.
M.M.Dunaev.
During the classes:
I . Organizing time.
Communicate the topic and objectives of the lesson.
II . Learning new material (based on students’ home preparation)
Analysis of selected scenes.
Teacher. During the lesson we will have to answer 4 main questions:
Why did Katerina fall in love with Boris?
Why did she decide to date him?
Why did you repent in front of everyone?
Why did she commit suicide?
To answer this question, let’s first find out what Katerina is like. What do we know about her?
1. Katerina’s life in her parents’ house (D.1, appearance 7)
How did Katerina live in her parents' house?
How did her family treat her?
How did you spend your time?
Was she free in her actions?
What character traits developed in her under the influence of life in her parents' home?
Can we say that her attitude towards life was romantic?
What actions of Katerina speak about the passion of her nature? (D.2, appearance 2: out of resentment she got into a boat and sailed away from home.)
Katerina's life in her parents' house
The cordial attitude of relatives.
Visiting church. Stories of wanderers, praying mantises.
Freedom. (D.2, appearance 7)
Formed character traits
Morbid impressionability. Exaltation. Soaring spirit. (“I’m crying, I don’t know about what”)
Romantic attitude towards life.
Moral purity.
Passion nature, the desire for freedom. (Kingdom of God it's necessary !)
Conclusion. She was not prepared for everyday difficulties! But life is not a holiday, but hard work. She has not learned that the Kingdom of God is necessary!
2. Katerina’s life in the Kabanovs’ house. (D.2, appearances 3-8)
Kabanikha’s cruel attitude (ritual belief).
Constant spiritual suppression.
Lack of understanding of her nature on the part of her husband (lack of faith in practice).
Teacher.
How did such life in her husband’s family affect Katerina?
How has she changed?
What old character traits are emerging with renewed vigor?
Katerina feels her doom, realizes it and withdraws into herself. She makes attempts to change the situation (the scene of farewell to Tikhon), but they do not understand her. Disappointed in family life.
And from here - passionate desire for freedom, love, happiness.
3. Anatomy of passion and sin
Does Katerina recognize this desire as a sin? (D. 1, appearance 7)
Why is he afraid of thunderstorms? (D.1, appearance 9)
What feelings are struggling in Katerina?
(Love and the desire for happiness are at the same time a challenge to Kabanikha, a protest -
but, on the other hand, the awareness of this feeling is sin.)
How is this conflict resolved? (Tragic. There is no way out, because suicide is not an option.)
What is sin? How is sin born?
The path of sin.
Teacher. The “Desert Fathers,” according to A.S. Pushkin, knew the anatomy of sin very well. In their opinion, sin takes possession of a person’s soul gradually, passing through several stages.
There is a pretext involuntary movement of the heart under the influence external perceptions or thoughts. (Assault)
Addition (combination) our thoughts with a pretext.
Stage of attention (already captivated mentally).
Pleasure in thoughts.
The wish and the act itself.
Teacher. Having carefully read the drama, we will see that Katerina, having indeed accepted the thought, goes through these steps quite quickly. Not only circumstances help her in this, but also unkind people. In addition to Katerina’s self-delusion (self-deception, search for stolen happiness), the drama also reveals seduction by others.
4. What is Varvara’s role in this story? (Gives the key, incites, advises: “Live as you want, as long as it’s safe and secure.”)
Analysis of a scene with a key
(action 2, phenomenon 10)
Disturbance;
Reflection on the difficult lot of women;
Thinking about your destiny;
Sees the cause of his troubles in his mother-in-law;
Reasoning about the key;
Frightened by imaginary steps and hides the key in his pocket;
She convinces herself that there is no sin if she looks at her beloved once;
The key to the garden gate becomes more valuable to her than anything in the world.
5. Please note thatfirst date scene takes place in a ravine . It is no coincidence that the author chooses such a place!
Analysis of the first date scene ( D.3, scene 2)
Occurs in a ravine - a closed space, a secret place.
Framed by the banal meeting of Kudryash and Varvara, their cheerful song glorifying the dates of lovers.
The degree of the heroine's fall is emphasized (rejecting the old, Katerina throws herself into the abyss (ravine) of sin and drives herself into a hopeless situation).
Was it easy for Katerina to make this decision? No!
She makes excuses before Kabanikha, asks Tikhon to take her with him, pushes Varvara away with the key, and suffers herself. But the tragedy is that no one helped her. She couldn't control herself.
6. Let's analyze scene of Katerina's national repentance. (D.4, Rev.6.)
Why is she doing this?
The nature of Katerina’s moral conflict (this brings her closer to the classical heroines of Russian literature, remember Tatyana Larina) lies inthe impossibility of living in sin , at odds with his conscience.
She bears the burden of responsibility and guilt before Tikhon and Boris.
7. Please note on scene of Katerina's farewell to Boris ( d.5, phenomenon 3)
Boris is driven only by fear.
Katerina - a feeling of guilt before him and mortal melancholy, since for her there is no tomorrow. Let us note how much larger Katerina is as a person than her chosen one.
III . Let's draw conclusions.
- Why did Katerina drown herself? ( Riot again, did not fully repent.)
- How could Katerina live now, after her fall? (Just humble yourself.)
Teacher. In this regard, we can recall the ending of the drama “Dowry,” written by Ostrovsky after “The Thunderstorm”: the suicide of Katerina and the death of Larisa, who did not dare to commit suicide. Dying at the hands of Karandyshev, he utters his last words: “Live, live, everyone! I don’t complain about anything, I don’t take offense at anyone...I love you all...all of you. (sends a kiss.)
Which ending seems wiser, more consistent with the national ethical tradition?
What conclusions can we draw based on the analysis of the text?
What is the tragedy of Katerina’s fate?
External circumstances (“the dark kingdom”) blocked her movement towards true love.
She lacks the inner strength of her own to be humble.
She is in spiritual loneliness (and this can only be overcome by faith).
But faith is destroyed by sin and despair.
Fading faith leads to suicide
Teacher. It seems important to discuss the issue of Katerina’s suicide. Read the words of the famous Russian philosopher N.A. Berdyaev:
A suicide is always egocentric; for him there is no more God, no world, no other people, but only himself.
Suicide is a denial of the three highest Christian virtues - faith, hope and love.
There is a psychology of suicidepsychology of resentment , resentment towards life, towards the world, towards God. But there is a psychology of resentmentslave psychology . She is opposedpsychology of guilt , which is psychology of a free and responsible being .
There is greater power in the consciousness of guilt than in the consciousness of resentment.
Prove, based on the content of the drama “The Thunderstorm,” whether he is right in his opinion.
Teacher. In 1859, two volumes of Ostrovsky’s plays appeared, which served as the occasion for the article “The Dark Kingdom” by N. A. Dobrolyubov, who used the truthful depiction of Russian life for his politically radical conclusions. In the article “A Ray of Light in the Dark Kingdom” (1860), Dobrolyubov called the play “The Thunderstorm” (1859) Ostrovsky’s “most decisive work,” but this political radicalization of himselfwas alien to the playwright . In "The Thunderstorm" there is an obvious protest against tyranny as a product of inertia and lack of education (Dikoy and Kabanikha), a protest against such consequences of tyranny as the humility of the weak (Tikhon and Boris) and the deception of the strong (Varvara, Kudryash). But such a form of protest as Katerina’s sin and repentance shows that her character is as self-willed as Kabanova’s character.
IY. Homework. Answer the question in writing: “Is Katerina’s suicide a strength or a weakness?”
Bibliography.
Dunaev M.M. Orthodoxy and Russian literature. In 6 parts. - M., Christian literature. 2001. – T.1-2.
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Why does the critic N.A. Dobrolyubov call Katerina “strong character”?
In the article “A Ray of Light in a Dark Kingdom,” N.A. Dobrolyubov writes that “The Thunderstorm” expresses “a strong Russian character,” which is striking “by its opposition to all tyrant principles.” This character is “focused and decisive, unswervingly faithful to the instinct of natural truth, full of faith in new ideals and selfless, in the sense that it is better for him to die than to live under those principles that are disgusting to him.” This is exactly how the critic saw Katerina’s character. But is this how the reader sees this image? And how does the heroine’s character manifest itself in action?
The formation of personality begins in childhood, so the author introduces into the play Katerina’s story about life in her parents’ house. The heroine’s experiences, her state of mind, the perception of the events that happened to her as a tragedy - all this would be incomprehensible without a description of life before and after marriage. To explain the changes that occurred in Katerina’s soul, and her internal struggle that arose as a result of the actions she committed, the author gives pictures of the heroine’s childhood and youth through memories painted in light colors (in contrast to the “dark kingdom” where she is forced to live in marriage ).
Katerina considers the atmosphere of her parents’ home very beneficial for her development and upbringing: “I lived, didn’t worry about anything, ... like a bird in the wild.” The activities of this period - needlework, gardening, visiting church, singing, conversations with wanderers - are not much different from what fills the heroine’s life in the Kabanovs’ house. But behind the fence of a merchant’s house there is no freedom of choice, warmth and sincerity in relationships between people, there is no joy and desire to sing like a bird. Everything, as in a distorting mirror, is distorted beyond recognition, and this causes dissonance in Katerina’s soul. Anger, grumpiness, eternal discontent, constant reproaches, moralizing and distrust of her mother-in-law deprived Katerina of confidence in her own rightness and purity of thoughts, causing anxiety and mental pain. She remembers with longing about the happy and calm life as a girl, about how her parents loved her. Here, in the “dark kingdom,” the joyful expectation of happiness and the bright perception of the world disappeared.
Love of life, optimism, and a feeling of purity and light in the soul were replaced by despondency, a sense of sinfulness and guilt, fear and the desire to die. This is no longer the cheerful girl that people knew her as a girl, this is a completely different Katerina. But strength of character is manifested even in the conditions of life behind the fence, since the heroine cannot meekly endure injustice and humiliation, nor accept the principles of merchant hypocrisy. When Kabanova reproaches Katerina for pretense, she objects to her mother-in-law: “Whether in front of people or without people, I’m still alone, I don’t prove anything of myself... It’s nice to endure lies!”
Nobody talked to Kabanova like that, but Katerina was used to being sincere, and wanted to remain that way in her husband’s family. After all, before her marriage, she was a cheerful and sensitive girl, she loved nature, and was kind to people. That is why N.A. Dobrolyubov had reason to call Katerina a “strong character” who “strikes us with her opposite” in relation to the characters of the merchant class depicted in the play. Indeed, the image of the main character is the antipode to other female characters in the play “The Thunderstorm”.
Katerina is a sensitive and romantic person: sometimes it seemed to her that she was standing over an abyss and someone was pushing her there, down. She seemed to have a presentiment of her fall (sin and early death), so her soul is filled with fear. Loving another person while married is an unforgivable sin for a believer. The girl was brought up on the principles of high morality and fulfillment of Christian commandments, but she was accustomed to living “by her own will,” that is, having the opportunity to choose her actions and make decisions on her own. Therefore, she says to Varvara: “And if I get tired of it here, they won’t hold me back by any force. I’ll throw myself out the window, throw myself into the Volga.”
Boris said about Katerina that in church she prays with an angelic smile, “but her face seems to glow.” And this opinion confirms the peculiarity of Katerina’s inner world, speaks of her difference in comparison with other characters in the play. In her own family, where there was respect for the child’s personality, in an atmosphere of love, kindness and trust, the girl saw worthy role models. Feeling warmth and sincerity, she got used to a free life, to work without coercion. Her parents did not scold her, but rejoiced at her behavior and actions. This gave her confidence that she lived correctly and sinlessly, and God had nothing to punish her for. Her pure, immaculate soul was open to goodness and love.
In the Kabanovs’ house, as in the city of Kalinov in general, Katerina finds herself in an atmosphere of bondage, hypocrisy, and suspicion, where she is treated as a potential sinner and is accused in advance of something she never thought of doing. At first she made excuses, trying to prove to everyone her moral purity, she worried and endured, but the habit of freedom and the longing for sincerity in relationships with people forced her to go out, to break out of the “dungeon”, first to the garden, then to the Volga, then to forbidden love. And a feeling of guilt comes to Katerina, she begins to think that by crossing the boundaries of the “dark kingdom”, she also violated her own ideas about Christian morality, about morality. This means she has become different: she is a sinner worthy of God’s punishment.
For Katerina, feelings of loneliness, defenselessness, her own sinfulness and loss of interest in life turned out to be destructive. There are no dear people nearby for whom it would be worth living. Caring for elderly parents or children would bring responsibility and joy into her life, but the heroine has no children, and whether her parents were alive is unknown, the play does not say.
However, it would not be entirely correct to consider Katerina a victim of an unhappy marriage, because hundreds of women patiently accepted and endured such circumstances. It is also impossible to call her repentance to her husband, her honest confession of betrayal, stupidity, since Katerina could not have done it any other way, thanks to her spiritual purity. And suicide became the only way out because the man she loved, Boris, could not take her with him, leaving for Siberia at the request of his uncle. Returning to the Kabanovs’ house was worse than death for her: Katerina understood that they were looking for her, that she would not even have time to escape, and in the state in which the unfortunate woman was, the nearest path led her to the Volga.
All of the above arguments confirm the opinion of N.A. Dobrolyubov that Katerina became a victim of her own purity, although it was in purity that her spiritual strength and that inner core that the merchant Kabanova could not break. Katerina’s freedom-loving nature, her principles, which did not allow her to lie, placed the heroine much higher than all the characters in the play. In this situation, the decision to leave a world where everything was contrary to her ideals was a manifestation of strength of character. In those circumstances, only a strong person could decide to protest: Katerina felt lonely, but rebelled against the foundations of the “dark kingdom” and significantly shook this block of ignorance.
A. Ostrovsky's play "The Thunderstorm" was presented a year before the abolition of serfdom in 1859. Katerina's life in her parents' home especially stands out in this story. The image of the main character changes with each chapter; she is vulnerable and tender.
What is the play about?
The action takes place in the fictional city of Kalinov. The drama takes place in one of the merchant houses on the banks of the Volga. The owner of the house, merchant Marfa Ignatievna Kabanova, is an imperious and capricious person. She holds everyone around her in her arms. Nobody can resist her. But her zeal to subjugate everyone and everything prompts her to conquer more and more souls.
The red line between the lines of the play is the theme of generational conflict. And today this problem is relevant and modern. The embodiment of tyranny and the desire to rule the world in the image of Marfa Kabanova personifies the system established by the older generation. But the image of Katerina is especially revealed; her spiritual tragedy does not leave anyone indifferent.
Katerina's life in her mother-in-law's house
The appearance of a new family member, Katerina, in the Kabanovs’ house turns the merchant’s attention to a new victim. Katerina Kabanova, daughter-in-law of the imperious Marfa Ignatievna, appeared in the house not at the behest of her heart, but due to circumstances. She was forcibly married to the merchant's son Tikhon, whose will was enslaved by his mother. Katerina’s life in her parents’ house was also not characterized by joy and happiness.
The appearance of Katerina brings a special meaning to the atmosphere of the play, contrasting the bright image of a sincere and pious girl with the “gray” existence of the merchants of the mid-19th century. The image of the girl amazes the reader with her simplicity, sincerity, she is ready to give the world her kindness and can do it. Her image is the only one that is called “a ray of light in a dark kingdom.”
Such strict limits
But the framework of merchant society does not allow her soul to open up. Her bright dreams and thoughts, which she shares with her husband’s sister Varya, are not needed by anyone and are incomprehensible. In the merchant environment there is no place for sincerity and love, freedom of soul and purity of thoughts.
Since childhood, Katya has become accustomed to the free love of her mother, to the joyful world of freedom and church wisdom. The girl can’t breathe in a merchant’s house; the resourcefulness and lies that reign in society are alien to her. Her soul can fly like a free bird only in dreams, which have become so rare with the onset of marriage. The image of Katerina in “The Thunderstorm” is described in detail. Her experiences and mental anguish are briefly presented.
Seek salvation in love
A breath of fresh air for Katerina is her love for Boris, the nephew of the same greedy and pompous merchant Dikiy as Kabanikha. Because she is forced to while away her days locked up in her mother-in-law’s kingdom, Katerina seeks an outlet for her feelings in her attachment to Boris. While Katerina's husband is away, the lovers' secret meetings help her realize that her love for her nephew Dikiy is not really the kind of love that can make her fly to the stars. Katerina's life in someone else's house turns into torture.
She understands that the hopelessness of her situation has pushed her towards an imaginary loved one, who is not at all as impeccable in his thoughts as she would like. It turned out that she came up with it herself. She needed at least someone who could share her bright thoughts with her, with whom she could make her dreams of a happy and free life come true. Katerina's life in her parents' house makes the main character believe in ghostly love.
Immortal soul without bowing its head
The merchant widow Marfa Kabanova, in her thirst for power, was never able to get her daughter-in-law to recognize her supremacy. Katerina calls her mother-in-law “you” to her face, thereby making it clear how equal she considers them. Katerina feels sorry for her husband, realizing that he will never be able to break free from his mother’s embrace without permission, and his mother will not allow him to do this. His complaints about life are nothing more than a recognition of his infantility and habit of being led by a strong leader.
And Martha, like a poisonous spider, weaved her webs, sticky and strong, into which it was not difficult for those who lived in a society where deception, foolishness and envy reigned. The appearance of a brave opponent, proud and silent, reveals a selfless desire to change something in the world around him. The inability to single-handedly resist the ossified system of government is reflected in the outbreak of a thunderstorm and culminates in the suicide of the main character. For her, “it is not death that is desirable, but life that is unbearable.”
A protest that ends in tragedy
Her dream of flying like a bird does not seem absurd or funny. She embodied all the despair of a young girl, all the pain and unimaginable spiritual tragedy. Understanding the very essence of life in lies, unwillingness and inability to pretend and adapt lead Katerina to the edge of a cliff. A deep believer, she was not afraid to commit suicide, thereby forever depriving her restless soul of peace, and she was not afraid of the wrath of God and heavenly punishment. Katerina's protest in Ostrovsky's play "The Thunderstorm" ends in tragedy.
At that time, Katerina was driven into a corner by circumstances. Her confession of betrayal of her husband and mother-in-law speaks of how pure and highly spiritual her nature was. To be honest with others, but first with herself, is the underside of her soul, the very bottom.
“The Thunderstorm” by A. Ostrovsky amazed his contemporaries with the courage of Katerina’s reasoning and admired the strength of character of such a fragile and tender soul. Silent opposition and disobedience to the will of the existing regime creates a feeling of ongoing struggle and confidence in victory, if not now, but certainly.
The image of Katerina inspired many young minds to rise to the fight against autocracy, strengthen the will and spirit through trials and find their way to the light in the name of freedom and justice. The assignment for “The Thunderstorm” - “Katerina’s life in her parents’ house” is given in secondary schools. The image of the martyr girl is popular to this day.
Ostrovsky's play "The Thunderstorm" was written a year before the abolition of serfdom, in 1859. This work stands out among the playwright's other plays due to the character of the main character. In “The Thunderstorm,” Katerina is the main character through whom the conflict of the play is shown. Katerina is not like other residents of Kalinov; she is distinguished by a special perception of life, strength of character and self-esteem. The image of Katerina from the play “The Thunderstorm” is formed due to a combination of many factors. For example, words, thoughts, environment, actions.
Childhood
Katya is about 19 years old, she was married off early. From Katerina's monologue in the first act, we learn about Katya's childhood. Mama “doted on her.” Together with her parents, the girl went to church, walked, and then did some work. Katerina Kabanova remembers all this with bright sadness. Varvara’s phrase that “we have the same thing” is interesting. But now Katya doesn’t have a feeling of ease, now “everything is done under duress.” In fact, life before marriage was practically no different from life after: the same actions, the same events. But now Katya treats everything differently. Then she felt supported, felt alive, and had amazing dreams about flying. “And now they dream,” but only much less often. Before her marriage, Katerina felt the movement of life, the presence of certain higher forces in this world, she was devout: “she loved going to church with such passion!
“From early childhood, Katerina had everything she needed: her mother’s love and freedom. Now, by force of circumstances, she is torn away from her loved one and deprived of her freedom.
Environment
Katerina lives in the same house with her husband, her husband's sister and mother-in-law. This circumstance alone is no longer conducive to a happy family life. However, the situation is worsened by the fact that Kabanikha, Katya’s mother-in-law, is a cruel and greedy person. Greed here should be understood as a passionate desire for something, bordering on madness. Kabanikha wants to subjugate everyone and everything to her will. One experience with Tikhon was successful, the next victim is Katerina. Despite the fact that Marfa Ignatievna was looking forward to her son’s wedding, she is unhappy with her daughter-in-law. Kabanikha did not expect that Katerina would be so strong in character that she could silently resist her influence. The old woman understands that Katya can turn Tikhon against her mother, she is afraid of this, so she tries in every possible way to break Katya in order to avoid such a development of events. Kabanikha says that his wife has long become dearer to Tikhon than his mother.
“Kabanikha: Or maybe your wife is taking you away from me, I don’t know.
Kabanov: No, mama!What are you saying, have mercy!
Katerina: For me, Mama, everything is the same as my own mother, as you, and Tikhon loves you too.
Kabanova: It seems like you could have kept quiet if they didn’t ask you. Why did you jump out in front of your eyes to make jokes! So that they can see how much you love your husband? So we know, we know, in your eyes you prove it to everyone.
Katerina: You are in vain saying this about me, Mama. Whether in front of people or without people, I’m still alone, I don’t prove anything of myself.”Katerina's answer is quite interesting for several reasons. She, unlike Tikhon, addresses Marfa Ignatievna on a personal level, as if putting herself on an equal footing with her. Katya draws Kabanikha’s attention to the fact that she is not pretending or trying to seem like someone she is not. Despite the fact that Katya fulfills the humiliating request to kneel before Tikhon, this does not indicate her humility. Katerina is insulted by false words: “Who likes to endure falsehoods?” - with this answer Katya not only defends herself, but also reproaches Kabanikha for lying and slander.
Katerina’s husband in “The Thunderstorm” appears to be a gray man. Tikhon looks like an over-aged child who is tired of his mother’s care, but at the same time does not try to change the situation, but only complains about life. Even his sister, Varvara, reproaches Tikhon for the fact that he cannot protect Katya from the attacks of Marfa Ignatievna. Varvara is the only person who is at least a little interested in Katya, but still she persuades the girl that she will have to lie and squirm in order to survive in this family.
Relationship with Boris
In “The Thunderstorm,” the image of Katerina is also revealed through a love line. Boris came from Moscow on business related to receiving an inheritance. Feelings for Katya flare up suddenly, as do the girl’s reciprocal feelings. This is love at first sight. Boris is worried that Katya is married, but he continues to look for meetings with her. Katya, realizing her feelings, tries to abandon them. Treason is contrary to the laws of Christian morality and society. Varvara helps the lovers meet. For ten whole days, Katya secretly meets with Boris (while Tikhon was away). Having learned about Tikhon's arrival, Boris refuses to meet with Katya; he asks Varvara to persuade Katya to remain silent about their secret meetings. But Katerina is not that kind of person: she needs to be honest with others and herself. She is afraid of God's punishment for her sin, so she regards the raging thunderstorm as a sign from above and talks about betrayal. After this, Katya decides to talk to Boris. It turns out that he is going to leave for Siberia for a few days, but cannot take the girl with him. It is obvious that Boris does not really need Katya, that he did not love her. But Katya didn’t love Boris either. More precisely, she loved, but not Boris. In “The Thunderstorm,” Ostrovsky’s image of Katerina endowed her with the ability to see the good in everything, and endowed the girl with a surprisingly strong imagination. Katya came up with the image of Boris, she saw in him one of his features - non-acceptance of Kalinov's reality - and made it the main one, refusing to see other sides. After all, Boris came to ask Dikiy for money, just like other Kalinovites did. Boris was for Katya a man from another world, from the world of freedom, the one that the girl dreamed of. Therefore, Boris himself becomes a kind of embodiment of freedom for Katya. She falls in love not with him, but with her ideas about him.
The drama "The Thunderstorm" ends tragically. Katya rushes into the Volga, realizing that she cannot live in such a world. And there is no other world. The girl, despite her religiosity, commits one of the most terrible sins of the Christian paradigm. To decide to do such an act requires enormous willpower. Unfortunately, the girl had no other choice in those circumstances. Surprisingly, Katya maintains inner purity even after committing suicide.
A detailed disclosure of the image of the main character and a description of her relationships with other characters in the play will be useful for 10th graders when preparing for an essay on the topic “The Image of Katerina in the play “The Thunderstorm”.”
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