The rank after lieutenant general. System of military ranks in the armed forces and insignia
Military ranks
1. Article 46 of the Federal Law establishes the following composition of military personnel and military ranks:
Compositions of military personnel |
Military ranks |
|
military |
ship |
|
Soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen |
corporal Lance Sergeant staff Sergeant foreman |
senior sailor foreman 2 articles petty officer 1st article chief petty officer chief petty officer |
Ensigns and midshipmen |
ensign Senior Warrant Officer |
senior midshipman |
junior officers |
Ensign lieutenant senior lieutenant |
Ensign lieutenant senior lieutenant captain-lieutenant |
senior officers |
lieutenant colonel Colonel |
captain 3rd rank captain 2nd rank captain 1st rank |
senior officers |
major general lieutenant general Colonel General army General |
rear admiral vice admiral fleet admiral |
Marshal of the Russian Federation |
2. Before the military rank of a serviceman serving in a guards military unit, on a guards ship, the word “guards” is added.
The words “justice” or “medical service” are added to the military rank of a serviceman or a citizen in the reserve who has a military registration specialty of a legal or medical profile, respectively.
To the military rank of a citizen who is in the reserve or retired, the words “reserve” or “retired” are added, respectively.
3. The seniority of military ranks and composition of military personnel is determined by the sequence of their listing in Article 46 of the Federal Law: from the military rank of “private” (“sailor”) to a higher one and from the composition of “soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen” to a higher one.
Military and naval military ranks corresponding to each other are considered equal.
4. Military ranks are assigned to military personnel personally.
Military rank can be first or second.
5. The form and content of submissions, forms of other documents and orders for the conferment of military ranks, as well as the procedure for their execution and submission (with the exception of senior officers) are established by the head of the federal executive body or the federal state body in which military service is provided.
The procedure for assigning the first military rank
1. The first military ranks are considered:
a) for “officers” - junior lieutenant, lieutenant;
b) for the composition “ensigns and midshipmen” - warrant officer, midshipman;
c) for the composition of “soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen” - private, sailor, sergeant, foreman 1st article.
2. The military rank of lieutenant is awarded to:
a) a serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer, or a serviceman who has the military rank of junior lieutenant, regardless of the length of military service in this military rank, who has graduated from a higher or secondary military educational institution - upon graduation from the said educational institution;
a.1) to a citizen who graduated from a federal state educational organization of higher education and completed training in a military training program at a military training center at this educational organization - on the day following the day of issuance of the order on graduation from the specified educational organization;
b) a citizen who has successfully completed training in the military training program for reserve officers at the military department at the federal state educational organization of higher education and graduated from the specified educational organization - when enlisting in the reserve;
c) a citizen (soldier) who does not have the military rank of officer, who has a higher education related to the relevant military specialty, and who entered military service under a contract for a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position ;
d) a military serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer, who is undergoing military service under a contract, who has a higher education related to the relevant military specialty, and who is appointed to a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position;
e) a citizen who is in the reserve, does not have the military rank of officer, and has a higher education - at the end of military training and after passing the relevant tests;
f) a military personnel who does not have the military rank of officer, undergoing military service under a contract in the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation or the Main Directorate of Special Programs of the President of the Russian Federation - in the manner determined by the heads of these bodies , upon completion of training under a training program as part of a training group or simultaneously with entry into military service, subject to subsequent training during the first year of service.
3. The military rank of junior lieutenant is awarded to:
a) a military man who has completed training courses for junior officers and has a secondary general education - upon graduation from the specified educational institution;
b) a citizen (military soldier) who does not have the military rank of officer, who has a secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and who entered military service under a contract for a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position job title;
c) a military serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer, undergoing military service under a contract, having a secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and appointed to a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position;
d) a citizen who is in the reserve, does not have the military rank of officer, and has a secondary vocational education - at the end of military training and after passing the relevant tests;
e) a military personnel who does not have the military rank of officer, undergoing military service under a contract in the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation or the Main Directorate of Special Programs of the President of the Russian Federation - in the manner determined by the heads of these bodies , upon completion of training under a training program as part of a training group or simultaneously with entry into military service, subject to subsequent training during the first year of service.
4. The military rank of warrant officer (midshipman) is awarded to:
a) a serviceman who has graduated from a military educational institution that trains military personnel in the military specialties of warrant officers (midshipmen) and has a secondary general education - upon graduation from the said educational institution;
b) a citizen (military officer) who does not have the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman), who has a higher or secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and who entered military service under a contract for a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman) ), - upon appointment to the appropriate military position;
c) a military personnel who does not have the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman), who is undergoing military service under a contract, has a higher or secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and is appointed to a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman), - upon appointment to the corresponding military position;
d) a military serviceman who does not have the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman), who is serving under a contract in the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Service of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation or the Main Directorate of Special Programs of the President Russian Federation, - in the manner determined by the heads of these bodies, upon completion of training under the training program as part of a training group or simultaneously with entry into military service, subject to subsequent training during the first year of service.
4.1. The military rank of sergeant (sergeant major 1st article) is awarded to:
a) a citizen who has successfully completed training in the military training program for sergeants, reserve foremen at the military department at the federal state educational organization of higher education and graduated from the federal state educational organization of higher education - when enlisting in the reserve;
b) a citizen who has successfully completed training in the military training program for sergeants, reserve foremen in a military educational organization of higher education and graduated from a federal state educational organization of higher education - when enlisting in the reserve.
5. The military rank of private is assigned to:
a) a citizen who does not have a military rank, called up for military service - upon departure from the military commissariat to the place of military service;
b) a citizen who does not have a military rank and is enlisted in the reserve - upon enlistment in the reserve;
c) a citizen who does not have a military rank and entered military service under a contract - when enrolled in the lists of personnel of a military unit;
d) a citizen who does not have a military rank, enrolled in a military educational institution - upon enrollment in the specified educational institution;
e) a citizen who has successfully completed training in the military training program for reserve soldiers at the military department at the federal state educational organization of higher education and graduated from the federal state educational organization of higher education - when enlisting in the reserve;
f) a citizen who has successfully completed training in the military training program for reserve soldiers in a military educational organization of higher education and graduated from a federal state educational organization of higher education - when enlisting in the reserve.
6. The military rank of a sailor is assigned to:
a) a serviceman called up for military service - when enlisted in the lists of personnel of a military unit where the state provides for the military rank of sailor;
b) a citizen who entered military service under a contract and does not have a military rank - when enrolled in the lists of personnel of a military unit where the state provides for the military rank of sailor;
c) a citizen who does not have a military rank, enrolled in a military educational institution - upon enrollment in the specified educational institution, where the state provides for the military rank of sailor;
d) a citizen who has successfully completed training in the military training program for reserve sailors at the military department at the federal state educational organization of higher education and graduated from the federal state educational organization of higher education - when enlisting in the reserve;
e) a citizen who has successfully completed training in the military training program for reserve sailors in a military educational organization of higher education and graduated from a federal state educational organization of higher education - when enlisting in the reserve.
7. When entering military service a citizen who is or has served in the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, other law enforcement agencies, the prosecutor's office of the Russian Federation, the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation or in the federal fire service and has a special rank (class rank of prosecutor), he may be assigned a military rank equal to his special rank (class rank of a prosecutor) in the order of re-certification (certification) determined by the head of the federal executive body or the federal state body in which military service is provided.
The procedure for assigning the next military rank
1. The next military rank is assigned to a serviceman on the day of expiration of his military service in the previous military rank, if he occupies a military position (position) for which the state provides for a military rank equal to or higher than the military rank assigned to the serviceman.
1.1. The next military rank is not assigned to a serviceman:
a) at the disposal of the commander (chief);
b) if he is brought as an accused in a criminal case or a criminal case is initiated against him - until the termination of the criminal prosecution;
c) during the period of investigation into the fact of committing a gross disciplinary offense - before applying disciplinary action to the serviceman;
d) during the period of verification of the accuracy and completeness of information on income, expenses, property and liabilities of a property nature, compliance with the requirements for official conduct - before applying a penalty to the serviceman;
e) submitted for early dismissal from military service on the grounds provided for in subparagraphs "e" - "h", "l", "m" of paragraph 1 and subparagraphs "c" - "e.2", "h" - "l" paragraph 2 of article 51 of the Federal Law;
f) before the expiration of the period during which he is considered to have:
- disciplinary action in the form of a warning about incomplete service compliance, reduction in military rank, reduction in military rank by one step, reduction in military rank by one step with a reduction in military rank;
- disciplinary sanction applied for committing a gross disciplinary offense;
g) until the end of serving his criminal sentence in the form of restrictions on military service or arrest;
h) until his criminal record is expunged or expunged;
i) before the end of the probationary period upon his entry into military service under a contract;
j) whose military service has been suspended.
1.2. If, in accordance with the procedure established by the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, the right to rehabilitation is recognized for a serviceman, or if the disciplinary sanction applied to a serviceman, specified in subparagraph "e" of paragraph 1.1 of this article, was canceled (except if after the cancellation commander (chief) of the specified disciplinary sanction, he applied another disciplinary sanction from those specified in subparagraph "e" of paragraph 1.1 of this article), or if, after the investigation or inspection specified in subparagraph "c" or "d" of paragraph 1.1 of this article, the military man was not brought to justice, a military rank is assigned to a serviceman from the date of expiration of his military service in the previous military rank.
1.3. If the disciplinary sanction specified in subparagraph "e" of paragraph 1.1 of this article is withdrawn or the criminal record is cleared or expunged, the military rank is assigned to the serviceman from the day the disciplinary sanction is lifted or the criminal record is cleared or expunged.
1.4. The period of military service in the assigned military rank does not include the time of serving a criminal sentence in the form of a restriction on military service or arrest, as well as time (periods) that, in accordance with the Federal Law, is not counted in the period of military service (in the period of probation upon admission to military service). contract service).
2. Time limits are established for military service in the following military ranks:
- private, sailor - five months;
- junior sergeant, sergeant major 2 articles - one year;
- sergeant, foreman 1st article - two years;
- senior sergeant, chief petty officer - three years;
- ensign, midshipman - three years;
- junior lieutenant - two years;
- lieutenant - three years;
- senior lieutenant - three years;
- captain, captain-lieutenant - four years;
- major, captain 3rd rank - four years;
- lieutenant colonel, captain 2nd rank - five years.
3. The military rank of a senior officer may be assigned to a military serviceman after at least two years of his military service in the previous military rank and at least one year in the military position (position) to be filled by senior officers.
The terms of military service in the military rank of colonel general (admiral) and army general (fleet admiral) are not established.
4. The term of military service in the military rank of lieutenant for military personnel undergoing military service under a contract who have graduated from a full-time military educational institution with a period of five years or more is set at two years.
5. The period of military service of military personnel in the assigned military rank is calculated from the date of assignment of the military rank.
6. The period of military service in the assigned military rank includes the time spent in military service.
The following is counted within the specified period:
a) the time of break in military service in the event of unjustified prosecution of a serviceman, illegal dismissal of a serviceman from military service and his subsequent reinstatement in military service;
b) the time of suspension of military service;
c) time spent in reserve.
7. When a serviceman is appointed to the highest military position (position), at the same time, and if simultaneous registration is impossible, from the date of appointment to the highest military position (position), he is assigned the next military rank if his term of service in the previous military rank has expired, provided that that for this military position (position) the state provides a military rank equal to or higher than the military rank assigned to the military member.
In this case, the military rank of a senior officer is assigned taking into account the requirements of paragraph 3 of this article.
8. A military serviceman who has the military rank of officer and is successfully studying full-time at a military educational institution, postgraduate course, military doctoral program, the next military rank up to lieutenant colonel, captain 2nd rank inclusive, is assigned on the day of expiration of his military service in the assigned military rank, regardless of military position (position) that he held before entering the specified educational institution, postgraduate studies, military doctoral studies.
9. A serviceman who has the military rank of officer, who, before entering a military educational institution, postgraduate course, or military doctoral program, held a military position (position) for which the state provides for the military rank of colonel, captain 1st rank or senior officer, the next military rank up to colonel, captain 1st rank inclusive is assigned in accordance with the military position (position) held before entering the specified educational institution, postgraduate course, military doctoral program after the expiration of the length of service in the assigned military rank.
10. A serviceman may be awarded the next military rank ahead of schedule for special personal merits, but not higher than the military rank provided for by the state for the military position (position) he occupies.
11. A military serviceman whose period of military service in the assigned military rank has expired, for special personal merits, may be awarded a military rank one step higher than the military rank provided by the state for the military position he occupies, but not higher than the military rank of major or captain of the 3rd rank, and a military personnel with an academic degree and (or) academic rank, holding a military position as a teacher in a military professional educational organization or a military educational organization of higher education or a researcher in a military professional educational organization, a military educational organization of higher education or a scientific organization - not higher than military rank of colonel or captain 1st rank.
12. The military rank of corporal (senior sailor) may be awarded as an incentive for special personal merit to a military personnel holding a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of private (sailor).
13. The military rank of junior sergeant (sergeant major, article 2) is assigned to a private (sailor) holding a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of junior sergeant (sergeant major, article 2) and above, upon expiration of his military service in the previous military rank, as well as a serviceman who has successfully completed training in a military training unit under the sergeant (sergeant major) training program.
Rights of officials in conferring military ranks
1. Military ranks are assigned to military personnel:
a) senior officers - by the President of the Russian Federation on the proposal of the head of the federal executive body or the federal government body that provides for military service;
b) colonel, captain 1st rank - the head of the federal executive body or federal government body that provides for military service;
c) other military ranks - by officials determined by the head of the federal executive body in which military service is provided.
The military commissar assigns to citizens called up for military service the military rank of private, and to citizens in the reserve - from private (sailor) to senior warrant officer (senior midshipman), inclusive.
The powers of officials of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation to confer military ranks, with the exception of military ranks of senior officers, are established by the director of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation.
1.1. The powers of officials of the military prosecutor's office and military investigative bodies of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation to assign military ranks are established by the Federal Law "On the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation" and the Federal Law of December 28, 2010 N 403-FZ "On the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation".
2. Officials have the right to assign military ranks to military personnel under their direct subordination.
A superior official enjoys all the rights to assign military ranks granted to subordinate commanders (chiefs).
3. Assignment of the first military rank of officer, military rank of officer ahead of schedule, one step higher than the military rank provided by the state for the military position held, as well as military rank to military personnel successfully studying full-time at a military educational institution, postgraduate study, military doctoral studies, up to and including colonel (captain 1st rank) is carried out by the head of the federal executive body or federal government body in which military service is provided.
Assignment of the first military rank of private (sailor) or sergeant (sergeant major 1st article) to citizens who have successfully completed training in the relevant military training programs at military departments at federal state educational organizations of higher education or in military educational organizations of higher education and who have graduated from federal state educational organizations of higher education , is carried out by the military commissar upon enrollment in the reserve.
4. Assignment of military ranks to warrant officers (midshipmen), sergeants (foreign officers) ahead of schedule, as well as assignment of regular military ranks one step higher than the military rank provided for the occupied full-time military position: warrant officers (midshipmen) - not higher than the military rank of senior warrant officer (senior warrant officer) ), sergeants (foremen) - not higher than the military rank of sergeant major (chief ship sergeant major), - is carried out by officials who have the right to assign these military ranks.
Terms of stay in military ranks, the rights of officials to assign military ranks and the procedure for assigning military ranks to citizens in reserve
1. Citizens in the reserves may be awarded the first and subsequent military ranks, but not higher than the military rank of colonel or captain 1st rank.
2. A citizen who is in the reserve may be assigned a military rank if the specified citizen is assigned or may be assigned to a military unit (intended or may be assigned to a special formation) for conscription for military service upon mobilization to a position for which the wartime staff a military rank is provided that is equal to or higher than the military rank assigned to a citizen who is in the reserve, and the next military rank, in addition, after the expiration of the established period of stay in the previous military rank. In this case, a citizen who is in the reserve can be assigned a military rank after he has completed military training and passed the relevant tests or in the certification procedure.
3. Time limits are established for being in the reserve in the following military ranks:
a) private or sailor - five months;
b) junior sergeant or sergeant major 2 articles - one year;
c) sergeant or sergeant major 1st article - two years;
d) senior sergeant or chief sergeant - three years;
e) warrant officer or midshipman - three years;
f) junior lieutenant - two years;
g) lieutenant - three years;
h) senior lieutenant - three years;
i) captain or captain-lieutenant - four years;
j) major or captain 3rd rank - five years;
k) lieutenant colonel or captain 2nd rank - six years.
4. By decision of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation (Director of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation, Director of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation), a citizen who is in the reserve, with high professional training and extensive experience in a specialty applicable in military service, who has the military rank of officer, the period of stay in a military rank may be shortened.
5. A citizen who is in the reserves of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, if he has work experience in a specialty related to military registration, the first military rank of an officer may be assigned by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation in the certification procedure:
a) having a higher education - lieutenant;
b) having secondary vocational education - junior lieutenant.
6. The next military rank of a citizen who is in the reserves of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation may be assigned to:
a) soldier, sailor, sergeant, sergeant major, warrant officer and midshipman:
- up to and including the chief petty officer or the chief petty officer - a military commissar;
- up to senior warrant officer or senior midshipman inclusive - military commissar;
b) officer:
- The paragraph became invalid on November 29, 2009. - Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of November 29, 2009 N 1363;
- up to colonel or captain 1st rank inclusive - by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation.
7. The next military rank can be assigned to a citizen who is in the reserves of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation:
a) up to and including senior lieutenant - with positive certification;
b) from captain or captain-lieutenant to colonel or captain of the 1st rank inclusive - when he undergoes military training in a position corresponding to the next military rank, and passes the corresponding tests or in the certification procedure if he has work experience in a specialty related to military registration (military service in the corresponding officer positions).
8. The procedure for conducting certification for assigning military ranks to citizens in the reserves of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is determined by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation.
9. A citizen deprived of a military rank is assigned the military rank of private by the military commissar, simultaneously with registration for military service.
10. Citizens who are in the reserves of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation and the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation are assigned regular military ranks in the certification procedure, taking into account the possibility of their further use in military positions.
The rights of officials to assign military ranks, the procedure for assigning military ranks and conducting certification of these citizens are determined respectively by the director of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation and the director of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation.
The procedure for reinstatement in military rank
1. A citizen who has been deprived of a military rank, after the removal or expungement of a criminal record, can be restored to his previous military rank by an official who has the right to assign this military rank, at the request of the citizen, in the presence of a positive review from the internal affairs body of the Russian Federation and a decision of the commission of the military commissariat.
2. A citizen’s application for reinstatement in military rank is considered by the military commissar no later than one month from the date of its receipt by the military commissariat.
If there are grounds for reinstating a citizen to his previous military rank, the military commissar draws up a proposal to reinstate the citizen to his military rank.
In this case, the restoration of a citizen to a military rank can be carried out by order of an official who has the right to assign this military rank, in relation to the procedure for its assignment.
3. A citizen deprived of his military rank due to an illegal conviction is restored to his previous military rank after the decision on his rehabilitation comes into force from the day of his deprivation of his military rank.
A citizen whose military rank has been restored enjoys the rights and benefits established by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation in accordance with the restored military rank.
In the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, two types of ranks have been established for persons undergoing military service - military and naval. In ancient Rus', the presence of insignia and certain military units formed on a permanent basis was completely excluded. The division of the then still pitiful semblance of a standing army into separate formations took place in accordance with the number of soldiers who were in one or another formation. The principle was as follows: ten warriors - a unit called the “ten”, led by the “ten”. Then everything is in the same spirit.
The history of the emergence of military ranks in Russia
Under Ivan the Terrible, and later under Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich, this system underwent some changes: Streltsy hundreds appeared, and military ranks appeared in them. At that time, the hierarchy of ranks was the following list:
- Sagittarius
- foreman
- Pentecostal
- centurion
- head
Of course, between all the above ranks and the ranks that currently exist, the following analogy can be drawn: a foreman is a warrior, in our time performing the duties of a sergeant, or a foreman, a pentecostal is a lieutenant, and a centurion, respectively, is a captain.
After some time, already during the reign of Peter the Great, the hierarchical system of ranks was again transformed to the following:
- soldier
- corporal
- ensign
- lieutenant, called lieutenant
- captain (captain)
- quartermaster
- major
- lieutenant colonel
- Colonel
The year 1654 became outstanding in the history of the formation of military ranks in Russia. It was then that for the first time in the history of Russia the rank of general was awarded. Its first owner was Alexander Ulyanovich Leslie, the leader of the operation to capture and liberate Smolensk.
Categories of military ranks in the Russian Army
One of the largest political events of the 20th century that occurred in Russia, namely the October Revolution of 1917, became the last stage towards the formation of an established system of military ranks, which has not undergone any changes for a whole century.
Military ranks
- Private. One of the first, considered the lowest military rank of the Russian Armed Forces.
- Corporal. A rank that is awarded to military personnel who are part of the armed forces of the Russian Federation for any military distinction.
- Major.
- Lieutenant colonel.
- Colonel.
Ship ranks
Ship ranks can simply be listed in order of seniority (lowest to highest) due to their full correspondence with the land equivalent:
- Sailor, senior sailor.
- Foreman 2 (second) article, foreman 1 (first) article, chief foreman, chief ship's foreman - representatives of a group of military personnel classified as sergeants and foremen.
- Midshipman, senior midshipman - military personnel of the group of warrant officers and midshipmen.
- Junior lieutenant, lieutenant, senior lieutenant, captain-lieutenant - a group of military personnel representing junior officers.
- Captain 3 (third) rank, captain 2 (second) rank, captain 1 (first) rank - representatives of senior officers.
- Rear admiral, vice admiral, admiral, and fleet admiral are representatives of senior officers, respectively.
As with military ranks, the highest military rank for the navy is Marshal of the Russian Federation.
What is very noteworthy is that naval and military military ranks are also assigned to the following formations: the security forces of the Russian Federation - the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, etc., as well as water border formations that ensure security near coastal borders.
Colors and types of shoulder straps
Now let's turn to the shoulder straps. With them, unlike ranks, things are somewhat more complicated.
Shoulder straps are usually distinguished according to the following series of criteria:
- the color of the shoulder strap itself (different depending on the military structure);
- the order of arrangement of distinctive signs on shoulder straps (also depending on a particular military structure);
- the color of the decals themselves on the shoulder straps (similar to the points above).
There is another important criterion - the form of clothing. Accordingly, the army does not have the widest selection of clothing, which is allowed according to the regulations. More precisely, there are only three of them: everyday uniform, field uniform and dress uniform.
Shoulder straps of non-officers
Let's start with a description of the everyday uniform and the shoulder straps that come with it:
The everyday uniform of non-officers includes shoulder straps with two narrow stripes along the edges of the longitudinal part. Such shoulder straps can be seen on the shoulders of privates, non-commissioned officers, and warrant officers. All these images are presented above in the sections of military and ship ranks.
Officer's shoulder straps
Shoulder straps for the everyday uniform of officers are divided into three more subtypes:
- Shoulder straps for the everyday uniform of junior officers: have only one stripe running down the center along the shoulder strap itself.
- Shoulder straps for the everyday uniform of senior officers: they have two longitudinal stripes, also located in the center.
- Shoulder straps for the everyday uniform of senior officers: they differ sharply from each of the previous types in that they have a special fabric relief over the entire area of the shoulder strap. The edges are framed by one narrow strip. A distinctive sign is also the stars that follow strictly in one row.
- It is impossible not to include in a separate group the Marshal of the Russian Federation and the type of shoulder straps corresponding to his everyday uniform: they also have a special fabric relief, which was mentioned in the paragraph above, but are fundamentally different in color. If the shoulder straps in each of the previous paragraphs were a rectangle of dark green color, then these same ones are distinguished by their immediately striking golden color, which is quite consistent with the high-profile title of their wearer.
An interesting fact is that on February 22, 2013, the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin signed a decree that on the shoulder straps of army generals and admirals of the Russian Navy there will be one star with a diameter of 40 mm instead of 4 stars in one line as before. The corresponding image is presented above.
- Non-officer field uniform: shoulder straps are a regular rectangle, camouflaged as a summer taiga with a transverse (or longitudinal) stripe.
- Field uniform for junior officers: stars of relatively small size serve as a distinctive sign.
- Field uniform of senior officers: major, lieutenant colonel have one and two large stars on their shoulder straps, respectively, colonel - three.
- Field uniform of senior officers: all persons holding ranks in accordance with the previously announced composition have absolutely the same structure (dark green stars, strictly in a row), but shoulder straps different in the number of distinctive insignia. Just like in everyday uniforms, the General of the Army and the Marshal of the Russian Federation are distinguished by large stars
These features can be seen in more detail in the picture:
It was not long before military clothing became comfortable and practical. Initially, her beauty was valued more than the qualities mentioned a little earlier. Fortunately, under Alexander III (the third), it was realized that rich uniforms were too expensive. It was then that practicality and convenience began to be considered the primary value.
In certain periods of time, the soldier's uniform resembled ordinary peasant attire. Even in the conditions of the already existing Red Army, little attention was paid to the fact that there was no uniform military uniform. The only distinctive sign of all soldiers was a red bandage on their sleeves and hats.
Even shoulder straps managed to be replaced for some time with ordinary triangles and squares, and only in 1943 were they returned as distinctive signs.
By the way, to this day, military personnel of the Russian Federation wear a uniform that was designed by the well-known fashion designer V. Yudashkin in 2010.
If you have read the entire article and are interested in testing your knowledge, we suggest taking the test -
State public order is regulated and controlled through law enforcement agencies. In our vast country, these requirements are met police. To be able to distinguish shoulder straps foremen police, from the Major’s shoulder straps we wrote this article. The police of the Russian Federation have the main responsibilities and are authorized to perform the following actions:
- Organizing order and creating a safe environment for the citizens of the country.
- Detection and prevention of crimes and illegal actions, search for those responsible for committing a crime.
- Monitoring compliance with laws and suppressing violations of the law.
A short description of law enforcement agencies of the Russian Federation
The police on the territory of Russia is a complex of government bodies and services that are part of Ministry of Internal Affairs (Ministry of Internal Affairs). The actions of this complex are to create and ensure safe life for the citizens of the state. Law enforcement officials must ensure the protection of the rights and freedoms of citizens of the Russian Federation.
The duties of police officers include protecting the rights of Russian citizens, as well as people from other countries who are located on the territory of the state.
The police began their activities in 2011, after a corresponding presidential decree. Article No. 14 in the regulations on Ministry of Internal Affairs RF.
A candidate for employment in Ministry of Internal Affairs the following requirements apply:
- good health and physical fitness;
- presence of a military ID;
- to achieve senior positions in this field, the candidate must have a higher education in the field of jurisprudence;
- other information that will be required when applying for a job and determining your character.
You will also need other materials; they are necessary when applying for a job. All information provided is intended for the commission to determine the personal characteristics of new employees police .
Shoulder straps police Russia
On the epaulettes of a police general, it is possible to see only one star. Its diameter is 40 mm.
Appearance of the police shoulder strap
It is important to note that each rank has its own distinctive features on its shoulder straps. Among them are the following characteristics:
- By the number of stripes.
- The size of the stars.
- Color scheme.
On the lieutenant's shoulder straps there is a vertical stripe or clearance. It relates to senior and junior police officers. If the rank is increased, then instead of two stars, he will be given four.
Length of service in police
The law makes it possible to clearly examine the provisions that relate to the activities of police officers. You can also find out information about their length of service. In order to receive the long-awaited promotion in rank, you will need to work for a certain number of years.
Junior ranks, which include the ranks from private to junior lieutenant, take one year to obtain each rank.
Senior sergeants and police officers with rank lieutenant And captain will receive a new title after three years.
A major will need four years, and a warrant officer and lieutenant colonel will need five years.
The important fact is that in the police there are no such ranks as corporal or march, as well as positions like general and Colonel, and foreman are not formally determined based on length of service.
The length of service in the police is described in detail in the provisions on the activities of the legislation. Promotion of rank in the service occurs after a certain period:
Interestingly, the length of service for the rank foreman , Colonel and the general is not determined. There is no rank in law enforcement agencies corporal , marshal .
The types of placement of plates on shoulder straps differ depending on the position held:
The size of the stars attached to the epaulettes is influenced by the composition of the police, their rank and length of service.
13 mm sprockets go to employees from warrant officer to captain police. From major to lieutenant colonel, the size of the stars is 20 mm. For higher ranks, the sprocket size is 22 mm.
Officers and warrant officers police
There is an important feature: military and police shoulder straps They differ only in color. The same is true for warrant officers. This means that determining the rank of an employee is quite simple - you just need to look carefully at his shoulder straps, and draw a conclusion based on the location, size of the stars and other distinctive features. All aspects of appearance shoulder strap regulated by the state.
So, the rank system in the Russian police is divided into the following groups:
Sergeants are divided into:
- junior sergeants;
- sergeants;
- senior sergeants.
Ensigns are divided into:
- warrant officers;
- senior warrant officers.
Lieutenants are divided into:
- junior lieutenants;
- lieutenants;
- senior lieutenants.
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Semi-fitting dress in dark blue with a V-neck, decorated with a red silk scarf (included in the set). Fabric - gabardine. According to the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia No. 575, chevrons are sewn onto the sleeves of the dress at a distance of 8 cm from the edge of the shoulder. A chevron is sewn onto the left sleeve indicating membership in the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, and on the right sleeve there is a chevron designating the service of a police/justice officer. You can add Velcro to the chevrons. The scarf is worn with the dress in a triangle folded into a scarf, the narrow ends are tied together and tucked into the back under the collar. The wide side is tucked inside under the neckline of the dress. It is allowed to wear a summer dress without a scarf in office premises. The length of the dress along the bottom edge should be at knee level. The Police/Justice dress with short sleeves is part of the new police uniform. Example of material pattern:
Semi-fitting dress in dark blue with a V-neck, decorated with a red silk scarf (included in the set). Fabric - gabardine. According to the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia No. 575, chevrons are sewn onto the sleeves of the dress at a distance of 8 cm from the edge of the shoulder. A chevron is sewn onto the left sleeve indicating membership in the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, and on the right sleeve there is a chevron designating the service of a police/justice officer. You can add Velcro to the chevrons. The scarf is worn with the dress in a triangle folded into a scarf, the narrow ends are tied together and tucked into the back under the collar. The wide side is tucked inside under the neckline of the dress. It is allowed to wear a summer dress without a scarf in office premises. The length of the dress along the bottom edge should be at knee level. The Police/Justice dress with short sleeves is part of the new police uniform. Example of material drawing:
The jacket is part of the daily and weekend uniform of police officers of the new model. Worn with trousers. Material: Suit (wool blend) fabric. Composition: 75% wool, 25% polyester 280 g/m2 Lining: Twill 100% viscose 105% g/m2. Slim fit, single breasted, fastened with four buttons. Turn-down collar with lapels. Shelves with cut-off barrels. Horizontal welt side pockets in a “frame” with flaps. The back has a central seam, in the lower part of which there is a vent. Sleeves are set-in, two-seam. Jacket with lining. On the left shelf of the lining there is an internal pocket with a “leaf”. Designed for employees of internal affairs bodies with special police ranks, as well as for cadets (students) of educational institutions of higher professional education of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. Has red trim on the sleeves. 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The centers of the orders in a row should be at the same level. The distance between orders and rows of orders is 10 mm. The sign of the number of wounds made of golden galun (for a severe wound) or dark red color (for a light wound) is located on the fabric strip of the top of the product. Braid width 6 mm, length 43 mm. The severe wound badge is placed below the light wound badge. The distance between stripes is 3 mm. The sign of the number of wounds is placed on the tunic and jacket to the right of the sign for honorary titles of the Russian Federation, and in its absence, in its place.
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In our time, many guys did not serve in the army and did not even go through the military department. Whether you consider such guys to be real men is up to you, but we believe that every adequate and sensible man is obliged to know military ranks.
Many guys, including girls, quite often confuse the ranks and shoulder straps of soldiers, thereby falling into a slight stupor and not knowing how to address a person with a military rank.
In this article, we will help both men and women understand and begin to understand what are the ascending military ranks and shoulder straps of the Russian and Ukrainian armies.
Land military ranks and shoulder straps have a certain hierarchy, which includes a very strict chain of command.
The military ranks of the Russian and Ukrainian armies differ in some ways, but in general the ranks and shoulder straps of these two countries were almost identical. After 2017 in Ukraine, military ranks in Ukraine have changed significantly.
Military land ranks of the Russian army.
- Composition of non-officers.
Private (cadet) is the simplest and most ordinary soldier of the lowest rank. A private has no leadership responsibilities.
A corporal is an ordinary soldier who can sometimes assume the responsibilities of a military squad commander.
Junior sergeant - commander of a combat vehicle (infantry fighting vehicle, armored personnel carrier), tank commander or squad leader.
Sergeant is the commander and head of the department. Involved in maintaining the formation and the work of privates.
Senior sergeant – deputy platoon commander. Each platoon has its own senior sergeant. They are the first assistants to warrant officers and officers.
Sergeant major is the highest rank a soldier can have. He is the main leader of all other ranks below senior sergeant.
An ensign is a position that directly enters into a contract. An ensign is the head of a warehouse or military workshop.
Senior warrant officer - this position is practically no different from the previous position, except, of course, for the salary.
- Junior officers
Junior lieutenant - platoon commander.
The lieutenant is the platoon commander and also the head of services. Lieutenant may be promoted to higher positions.
Senior lieutenant - deputy company commander, as well as deputy for technology. Sometimes he serves as a deputy for work with personnel.
Captain - company commander, replaces battalion commander.
- Senior officers
The major is the chief of battalions and also the chief of staff.
Lieutenant Colonel - deputy regiment commander, chief of staff of the regiment.
Colonel - unit commander or chief of staff of a regiment.
- Senior officers
Major General is the position of division commander.
Lieutenant General is a position that commands a district of troops.
Colonel General – commander of all ground forces.
Marshal of the Russian Federation
Supreme Commander-in-Chief – President of Russia.
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