Significant events of September 12.
490g. BC e. - The Greek warrior Pheidippides ran from the city of Marathon to Athens, bringing the news of the victory of the Greeks over the Persians: “Rejoice! We won,” and died. When the first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens in 1896, a race was organized in his honor between Marathon and Athens. Since then, the marathon has become a classic distance, and marathon running competitions have become one of the most popular types of athletics.
1485- Tver boyars swear allegiance to Grand Duke Ivan III. The Tver Principality is part of the Moscow State.
1624g. - The first submarine was tested in London.
1683- On this day, the allied Austrian-German-Polish troops under the leadership of Jan Sobieski near Vienna defeat the superior forces of the Ottoman army. This battle is called the Battle of Vienna.
1699 g. - For the first time, a Russian ship under the tricolor flag arrived abroad (in Istanbul).
1715- Peter I issued a decree prohibiting residents of the capital from tamping their boots and shoes with staples and nails. This was done in order to save the wooden surface of St. Petersburg streets. The decree said: “And if anyone has boots or shoes with such linings, they will be severely fined, and merchants who hold such staples and nails will be sent to hard labor; and their property will be taken.”
1722-Taking advantage of the fall of the Safavid dynasty in Iran, Russia lands troops in Baku and, having suppressed the resistance of the garrison, captures the city. After this, Russia annexes the regions up to Rasht and Astrabad.
1799-Sheikh Ali Khan of Derbent was accepted into Russian citizenship. The letter addressed to the Sheikh by the Russian Emperor states: “Our Imperial Majesty to the subjects of the Region of Derbent, Kuba, Salyan, Mushkur, Batkuba and other Ruler Sheikh Ali Khan, spiritual and secular officials, Beys, Elders and to all the people Our Imperial mercy and favor."
1843. - On this day, Imam Shamil sets out from Dargo with 10 thousand cavalry and 3 guns and besieges Untsukul. The detachment of Kluki-von-Klugenau, who arrived to help the Untsukulites, was defeated, losing 300 people and 2 guns in battle. As a result, the fortress and village of Untsukul, on the orders of Imam Shamil, were burned and destroyed.
1918- Simbirsk was recaptured by the Red Army from the Kappelites.
1948- Invasion of the Indian army in Hyderabad.
2002. - The court of the Greek city of Thessaloniki declared the ban imposed by the Greek government on computer games unconstitutional.
2007- Philippine President Joseph Estrada was sentenced to life in prison for plundering the country.
Initially, this memorable date, established by a resolution of the UN General Assembly in 2004, was celebrated on December 19.
In 2011, the General Assembly decided that, starting in 2012, this holiday would be moved to September 12. On this day in 1978, the Buenos Aires Plan of Action for the Development and Implementation of Technical Cooperation among Developing Countries was adopted at the United Nations Conference on Technical Cooperation among Developing Countries.
59 years ago (1959), the Luna-2 automatic station was launched to the Moon.
Lunar exploration programs began in the USSR in 1959. In January 1959, the first space probe, Luna 1, was launched. The station passed at a distance of 5 thousand kilometers from the natural satellite of the Earth.
On September 12, 1959, the Vostok-L launch vehicle was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome, which launched the Luna-2 automatic station onto the flight path to the Moon. The station was a sealed container in the shape of a ball, in which scientific, measuring and radio equipment was located.
On September 14, Luna-2, having carried out the world's first flight from Earth to another celestial body, reached the surface of the Moon and made a hard landing in the Mare Mons area near the craters Aristillus, Archimedes and Autolycus.
77 years ago (1941) the legendary “Road of Life” began its work.
The blockade of Leningrad began on September 8, 1941, when fascist troops, having captured Shlisselburg, cut off land communications between the city and the country. More than 2.5 million residents remained in the city, including 400 thousand children. The last opportunity to somehow supply besieged Leningrad was Lake Ladoga.
On September 12, 1941, the first convoy of ships arrived at the port of Osinovets, which delivered 800 tons of grain and 60 tons of ammunition. Until November 15, when navigation was officially completed, more than 24 thousand tons of grain, flour and cereals, over 1 thousand tons of meat and dairy products and other cargo were delivered to the city. 33.5 thousand civilians and wounded were evacuated.
With the beginning of winter, an ice track began operating on Lake Ladoga, which city residents called the “Road of Life.” At first they traveled along it on sleighs, and as the ice cover strengthened, in cars.
During the first, most difficult, blockade winter of 1941-1942, over 360 thousand tons of cargo were delivered to Leningrad along the “Road of Life”, 6 rifle divisions and a tank brigade were transported. 539 thousand 400 Leningraders were evacuated.
The total amount of goods transported to Leningrad along the “Road of Life” for the entire period of its operation amounted to over 1.6 million tons. About 1.4 million people were evacuated from the city.
126 years ago (1892), philanthropist Pavel Tretyakov wrote a statement to the Moscow City Duma about donating his collection of paintings to the city, as well as the collection of his brother Sergei.
The collections of the Tretyakov brothers included 1,287 paintings and 518 graphic works of the Russian school, 75 paintings and 8 drawings of the European school, 15 sculptures and a collection of icons.
On September 15 of the same year, the Duma at its meeting officially accepted the gift and decided to petition for the donated collection to be named “City Art Gallery of Pavel and Sergei Mikhailovich Tretyakov.”
303 years ago (1715), Peter I issued a decree prohibiting residents of St. Petersburg from tackling their boots and shoes with staples and nails.
This was done to save the wooden surface of the capital's streets. The decree said: “And if anyone has boots or shoes with such linings, they will be severely fined, and merchants who hold such staples and nails will be sent to hard labor; and their property will be taken.”
September 12, 490 BC e. Greek warrior Pheidippides ran from the city of Marathon to Athens, brought the news of the victory of the Greeks over the Persians: “Rejoice! We have won” and immediately fell dead.
When the first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens in 1896, a race was organized in his honor between Marathon and Athens. Since then, the marathon has become a classic distance, and marathon running competitions have become one of the most popular types of athletics.
On September 12, 1213, the Battle of Muret took place between the troops of the French crusaders and the Albigensian army.
On this day, at the walls of the Muret castle in Languedoc (now a suburb of Toulouse, France), during a crusade against the Albigensian heresy, a small army of crusaders Simon de Montfort (5th Earl of Leicester) defeated the many times superior combined forces of King Pedro II of Aragon and the Count Toulouse.
The crusaders were sure that they were going to their last battle - under the command of Montfort there was only a small corps (1 thousand knights and about 600 infantrymen). While in the Aragon-Languedoc army there were at least 2.5 thousand knights and about 40 thousand infantry.
The losses of the victors amounted to no more than one and a half hundred people killed. While the armies of Aragon and the Albigenses lost several hundred knights and up to 20 thousand infantry that day.
On September 12, 1485, the Tver boyars swear allegiance to Grand Duke Ivan III. The Tver Principality is part of the Moscow State.
On September 12, 1643, the name of the actor Jean-Baptiste Poquelin (the future playwright Molière) was mentioned for the first time in the contract of the Brilliant Theater.
On this day in 1683, at the Battle of Kahlenberg near Vienna, the imperial troops defeated the Turkish troops besieging the capital of Austria. An outstanding role in the victory was played by the Polish king Jan Sobieski, who placed his troops at the disposal of Emperor Leopold I and personally led the battle. The commander of the Turkish army, the Grand Vizier (Vezir) Kara Mustafa was declared in his homeland to be the main culprit of the defeat and was executed in December by order of the Sultan. This battle put an end to further expansion of the Ottoman Empire in Europe.
On September 12, 1715, Peter I issued a decree prohibiting residents of the capital from tamping their boots and shoes with staples and nails. This was done in order to save the wooden surface of St. Petersburg streets. The decree said: “And if anyone has boots or shoes with such linings, they will be severely fined, and merchants who hold such staples and nails will be sent to hard labor; and their property will be taken.”
On September 12, 1789, French revolutionary Jean Paul Marat published the first issue of the newspaper Friend of the People.
September 12, 1830 A.S. Pushkin went to his father's estate Boldino to take possession of his part of the inheritance. He wrote to his friend Pyotr Pletnev on this day: “Autumn is approaching. This is my favorite time - my health is usually getting stronger - the time for my literary works is coming - and I have to worry about a dowry and about the wedding that we will play God knows when. All this is not very good.” comforting. I'm going to the village, God knows whether I'll have time to study there and peace of mind, without which you won't produce anything except epigrams on Kachenovsky."
On September 12, 1847, fighting began for the Chapultepec Palace in Mexico City during the Mexican-American War. The American army managed to win a major victory and storm the Mexican fortress of Chapultepec.
On this day in 1890, the British founded the city of Salisbury (now Harare, the capital of Zimbabwe).
Irène Joliot-Curie was born on September 12, 1897., French physicist who discovered artificial radioactivity, Nobel Prize winner.
On September 12, 1908, 33-year-old Winston Churchill married Clementine Hozier, who was ten and a half years younger than him. The bride was not rich, but belonged to an ancient aristocratic family, was well educated and intelligent. She was the only person who had influence on an outstanding politician in Great Britain.
On September 12, 1919, the Italian poet G. d'Annuzio captured the city of Rijeka and proclaimed it the independent republic of Fiume.
On September 12, 1921, Sergei Yesenin and Anatoly Mariengof, “the supreme masters of the Imagist order,” published a “Manifesto,” in which, “having matured on the soil of the homeland of their language without the artificial irrigation of Westernizing aspirations,” they called for persistently preparing “a great invasion of the old culture of Europe.” , and they declared the home-grown Verlaines (Valery Bryusov, Andrei Bely, Alexander Blok), Marinetti (Velimir Khlebnikov, Alexei Kruchenykh, Vladimir Mayakovsky), Verkharnyat (all proletarian poets) as their enemies in the fatherland.
On this day in 1921 Stanislaw Lem was born, famous Polish science fiction writer, futurist, philosopher and satirist. Lem is the author of such cult works as “Solaris”, “Peace on Earth”, “Voice of Heaven”, “Invasion from Aldebaran” and many others.
His books have been translated into dozens of languages and are read all over the world. The writer foresaw the emergence of virtual reality, artificial intelligence, and also believed that sooner or later the emergence of fundamentally new, man-made worlds would become possible.
September 12, 1933was bornTatiana Doronina, theater and film actress, People's Artist of the USSR.
On September 12, 1934, the agreement on a political union signed in Geneva by the foreign ministers of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia went down in history under the name of the Baltic Entente. Its initiator, Lithuania, acquired allies in its desire to return the Vilna region, captured by Poland.
On this day in 1939 in Nice, under suspicious circumstances (fell or thrown out of a window by NKVD agents), Fyodor Raskolnikov, who fled to the West, a participant in the Bolshevik coup in October 1917, died.
On September 12, 1940, French schoolchildren discovered the Lascaux Cave. The walls of the cave were completely covered with images of people and animals - bison, rhinoceroses, bulls, deer, horses.
Life-size drawings made with ocher, marl and soot were outlined in dark outlines. An examination carried out by scientists showed that the age of the images is about 15 thousand years. In December 1940, the Lascaux Cave was classified as a historical monument of France, and in 1979 it was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.
From the first days after the opening of the cave, hundreds of tourists visited it. In 1955, the first destruction of the drawings was recorded. In April 1963, access to Lascaux was prohibited. Next to it, a complete copy of the monument was created - the Lascaux II cave. Lascaux is the most important Paleolithic site. Initially, scientists attributed the creation of the drawings to people of the Magdalenian culture (15-8 thousand years BC), but recent studies date the images to an earlier, Solutrean period (18-15 thousand years BC).
On September 12, 1943, German paratroopers under the leadership of Otto Skorzeny freed Benito Mussolini, who was under arrest. The paratroopers landed in the mountains using gliders and took Mussolini to Munich, where three days later he formed the government of the so-called Italian Republic of Salo in the Nazi-occupied territory of Northern Italy.
Operation Polo is the code name for the operation of the Indian Armed Forces in September 1948 that ended the rule of the Nizams in Hyderabad.
Hyderabad's defeat was crushing. While the Indian army lost 32 men killed, the Nizam's army lost 807 men. 1373 Razakars also died. But overall, there were much more victims of the conflict - in the week-long unrest that engulfed Hyderabad after the occupation, according to various sources, from 27,000 to 200,000 people died.
Hyderabad was included in India as a state, and Nizam Osman was deprived of real power and received the ceremonial post of “rajpramukh”. Many people from among his entourage fled to Pakistan. Further possibility of Hyderabadi separatism was suppressed in 1956, when administrative and territorial reform took place in India, and multilingual Hyderabad was divided between neighboring states, the boundaries of which were drawn along linguistic lines.
September 12, 1949 was born Irina Rodnina, three-time Olympic champion in figure skating, legend of Soviet sports.
On September 12, 1953, the wedding ceremony of Senator John Fitzgerald Kennedy and Jacqueline Lee Bouvier took place at St. Mary's Church in Newport (USA). Among the 750 guests invited to the celebration were the most prominent politicians and entrepreneurs. Journalists called the event “the wedding of the year.”
John Kennedy and Jacqueline Bouvier met in 1951. The girl immediately struck the politician with her beauty and lively mind. In June 1953, the engagement was announced. Seven years later, John Kennedy was elected as the thirty-fifth president of the United States. In their marriage, Jacqueline and John had two children - daughter Caroline (1957) and son John (1961). On August 7, 1963, the first lady gave birth to a boy, a son, Patrick, who died two days later from hyaline membrane disease. On November 22, 1963, US President John Kennedy was assassinated.
Jacqueline Lee Bouvier married Aristotle Onassis in 1968 and died on May 19, 1994 from lymph gland cancer.
On September 12, 1959, the Vostok-L rocket was launched, which launched the Luna-2 station into orbit - the first automatic station to land on the Moon. The Luna-2 apparatus crashed into the surface of the Earth's natural satellite at great speed. Two ball pennants with the image of the coat of arms of the USSR and the inscriptions “USSR” and “USSR. September 1959” were delivered to the Sea of Clarity area.
The spacecraft did not have its own engine and could not adjust its trajectory. The device was equipped with Geiger counters, micrometeorite detectors, scintillation counters, and magnetometers. The moment of lunar landing was recorded by domestic and foreign observatories. A dust cloud was photographed rising into the lunar sky. However, immediately after landing, communication with the Luna-2 station was interrupted. Sending the first spacecraft to the Moon for the USSR became an important stage in the study of the Earth's natural satellite.
On this day in 1974, Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie I was deposed.
Haile Selassie I was considered one of the richest people in the world. He owned businesses in various countries and transferred billions into his personal Swiss bank accounts. However, people in his country were dying of hunger in the tens of thousands.
In 1974, a growing famine claimed the lives of more than 200 thousand people, and the rest were on the brink of survival. Military personnel from all over the country demanded an increase in their salaries, and they were supported by workers and students. As a result of the constitutional convention, Haile Selassie I was stripped of actual power and his government apparatus was overthrown. The secular government was replaced by a military one, the first resolution of which was the arrest of the entire imperial family.
The ex-monarch was arrested in the palace, put in an ordinary Volkswagen and taken to the barracks of the 4th division. Having arrested Haile Selassie and members of his family, the military accused the emperor of refusing to cooperate with them and of “abusing power and his position for his own interests.”
12-th of September In 2007, Philippine President Joseph Estrada was sentenced to life in prison for plundering the country.. In October 2000, Estrada was accused of accepting a bribe of $8.7 million for patronage of a gambling business, illegally receiving money from tobacco excise taxes and abuse of official position. In November, the lower house of parliament passed a vote of no confidence in him, leaving the final decision to the Senate. In January 2001, senators refused to examine his bank accounts, which could contain illegal income. The decision sparked mass protests. In Manila, up to 130 thousand people attended rallies demanding the resignation of the president. The army and police refused to support the head of state.
On this day in 2009, the President of the Russian Federation Dmitry Medvedev signed a decree according to which a new holiday appeared - Programmer's Day. The date was not chosen by chance: September 12 is the 256th day of a leap year. The number 256 (2 8) is the number of different values that can be expressed using an eight-bit byte. It is also the maximum integer power of 2 that does not exceed the number of days in a year (365 or 366). In leap years the holiday is celebrated on September 12, and in non-leap years - on the 13th.
490 BC e.- The Greek warrior Pheidippides ran from the city of Marathon to Athens, brought the news of the victory of the Greeks over the Persians - “Rejoice! We have won” and died. When the first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens in 1896, a race was organized in his honor between Marathon and Athens. Since then, the marathon has become a classic distance, and marathon running competitions have become one of the most popular types of athletics.
1504 - Christopher Columbus set off from America to Spain during his fourth and final voyage.
1624 - The first submarine was tested in London.
1643 - For the first time, the name of the actor Jean-Baptiste Poquelin (the future playwright of Molière) is mentioned in the contract of the Brilliant Theater.
1695 - Jews of New York appealed to the governor with a request to introduce freedom of religion.
1715 - Peter I issued a decree prohibiting residents of the capital from tamping boots and shoes with staples and nails. This was done in order to save the wooden surface of St. Petersburg streets.
1723 - Persia ceded to Russia the coast of the Caspian Sea from Baku.
1740 - After several years of correspondence, Voltaire and King Frederick the Great of Prussia met.
1789 - French revolutionary Jean Paul Marat published the first issue of the newspaper Friend of the People.
1838 - Arthur Auwers, German astronomer and compiler of the first catalog of stars, was born.
1897 - Irène Joliot-Curie, French physicist, winner of the 1935 Nobel Prize in Chemistry (with her husband Frédéric Joliot-Curie). Daughter of the great scientists Maria Skladovskaya-Curie and Pierre Curie.
1898 - Kyiv Polytechnic Institute was opened.
1913 - Jesse Owens, legendary American track and field athlete, was born
1921 - Stanislaw Lem, Polish writer, satirist, philosopher and science fiction writer (Solaris, Voice of Heaven, Peace on Earth, Invasion from Aldebaran) was born.
1933 - Leo Szilard proposed the idea of a nuclear chain reaction.
1934 - Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia formed a political union. The agreement signed in Geneva went down in history under the name of the Baltic Entente.
1940 - Cave paintings found in Lascaux cave, France.
1942 - the sinking of the British liner Laconia, which led to the issuance of the Triton Zero order. The order prohibited providing assistance to passengers and crew of ships sunk by a submarine.
1943 - Otto Skorzeny freed Benito Mussolini from prison.
1953 - Nikita Khrushchev was elected first secretary of the CPSU.
1953 - Hugo Schmeisser, designer of infantry weapons, died.
1958 - The first integrated circuit created by Texas Instruments engineer Jack Kilby was tested. At the same time, Robert Noyce, who was the first to create an industrial design, dealt with this problem independently of him. He got the fame and money.
1959 - launch of the Soviet interplanetary station Luna-2.
1990 - Signing of the Treaty of German Unification. The agreement on the final settlement regarding Germany was signed by the foreign ministers of the USSR, USA, Great Britain, France, East Germany and Germany. The treaty terminated the rights and responsibilities of the four countries with respect to Berlin and Germany and related agreements.
2002 - US President George W. Bush announced the United States' intention to rejoin UNESCO, which it left 18 years ago.
2008 - The first and at that time only Queen concert in Ukraine took place in Kharkov. With this free concert, the group began their European tour in support of the fight against AIDS.
Material prepared by Korrespondent.net from open sources
In 1449 Lorenzo de' Medici was born, a man "who never allowed anyone to surpass him in generosity and splendor."
After his father's death at age 20, Lorenzo became head of the Medici clan. The Florentine delegation knelt down and asked Lorenzo to take charge of the welfare of the state. “I agreed without enthusiasm,” he wrote in his memoirs. “These duties seemed to me inappropriate for my age and too dangerous. I agreed only to save my friends and our wealth.”
Without an army, surrounded by enemies, he managed to maintain political balance in Italy through his ingenious diplomatic abilities and a wide espionage network.
He patronized Botticelli, Ghirlandaio, Verrocchio, Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci. He was generous to philosophers and poets. Under him, Florence experienced its golden age.
The Pope, upon learning of the death of 44-year-old Lorenzo the Magnificent, exclaimed: “The world is destroyed!” And the king of Naples said: “He lived long enough for himself, but too short for the greatness of Italy.”
September 12 is the day of remembrance of the holy noble Grand Duke Alexander Nevsky - a warrior, ascetic, builder of the Russian land and heavenly patron of the city of St. Petersburg.
The youngest son of Alexander Nevsky, Daniel, who turned the small Principality of Moscow into the center of all Russian lands, is considered the ancestor of the Moscow princes.
The feast day of the Holy Blessed Prince Daniel of Moscow was established on September 12 in memory of the discovery of his relics and canonization in 1652.
He sang:
“France smells so delicious.
With wildflowers and the wind of greening arable lands,
garden, on the fence of which hangs a sign “beware, angry dog”
and fresh bread.
These are different smells, but this is how the Motherland smells..."
His songs helped lovers continue their conversation from where the words ended. His film characters were examples of elegance, style and noble self-irony. He himself said: “Share everything with the audience - joy and adversity. And they will open their hearts to you!”
“Modern civilization is an exchange of values for convenience,” stated Stanislav Lem, who gave the world many reasons to think about the greatness and danger of civilization.
An outstanding Polish writer, philosopher, publicist, one of the classics of modern science fiction, was born on the same day, September 12, 1921. Last year they prepared to celebrate his 85th birthday with all solemnity, especially since he himself canceled all events on the occasion of the writer’s 80th birthday, struck by the tragedy that happened the day before - the terrorist attacks in New York and Washington. Alas, Lem did not live long enough to see his 85th birthday - on March 27, 2006, he died in one of the Krakow clinics.
Among the books he wrote are the novels “Solaris”, “The Magellanic Cloud”, “Man from Mars”, “Astronauts”, numerous novellas and short stories. His books are funny, smart, philosophical. They have been translated into more than 40 languages, and their total circulation has exceeded 27 million copies. Some of Lem's works have been made into films.
Lem was an irrepressible dreamer and a dry analyst, a skeptic and a seer. Many of his predictions in the field of culture and technology turned out to be absolutely accurate.
On September 12, 1940, four French schoolchildren from the town of Montignac, walking through the forest, accidentally stumbled upon a strange narrow hole going under the root of a fallen tree. Having unearthed the mysterious entrance and looked deeper, the adventurers discovered a cave, hundreds of square meters of walls of which were completely covered with amazing drawings made with ocher, soot and marl and outlined in dark contours. Moreover, all the figures, both people and animals - bulls, bison, rhinoceroses, horses, deer - were drawn in life-size. Realizing the importance of this unexpected find, they became the guardians of this treasure for a while and took turns keeping watch at the entrance to the cave around the clock. And only after it was taken under control by government services, they handed over their watch and relieved themselves of the voluntarily assigned burden of responsibility.
At first, art historians raised great doubts about the authenticity of the drawings - they were too well preserved. The first thing that came to mind was that one of the contemporary artists decided to joke in this way. However, a carefully carried out examination rejected all suspicions of forgery and recognized them as true. The age of realistic images of primitive animals was estimated by experts at 15-17 thousand years, which means that they belong to the early period of the Magdalenian culture. Literally from the first days, as soon as the press reported the opening of this Paleolithic cave painting gallery, a pilgrimage of curious tourists began to the Lascaux cave, called the “Sistine Chapel” of prehistoric painting. This circumstance jeopardized the safety of a unique historical monument. Already in 1955, the first signs of destruction of limestone rocks were recorded, caused by natural and artificial lighting, but most importantly - by the movement of air currents and an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air and the oxidation of water vapor. Therefore, it was decided to treat the walls with formaldehyde and significantly limit the number of tourists, and after 8 years to close it completely.
Next to the preserved cave, an absolute copy of it was created - Lascaux II, which was opened to visitors in 1983. Complete isolation helped only for a while. In 2001, a mysterious green mold was discovered in the cave, which began to actively spread on the floor and crawl onto the walls. A council of microbiologists was able to determine that the fungus of the Fusarium solani family is a relative of known agricultural pests, and therefore the appropriate “treatment” was prescribed. Indeed, thanks to the treatment of surfaces with fungicides, the mold began to die off, but the products of its decay were enjoyed by other bacteria - Pseudomonas fluorescens. They had to be fought with antibiotics. After disinfection was completed, an international commission convened by the French Ministry of Culture came to the conclusion that the rock paintings could be considered saved, but only for a while. Scientists still have complex research and practical work to do in order to completely restore the biological balance of the cave, in which the drawings made by the hand of cave artists can be preserved for future generations.
Bread came to us along the road of life,
Dear friendship of many to many.
They don't know on earth yet
Scarier and more joyful than the road.
On September 12, 1941, the first barges with grain, flour and ammunition approached the piers of Cape Osinovets from the eastern shore of Lake Ladoga. The “Road of Life” began to operate - the only “blockade artery” of besieged Leningrad.
On September 12, Vladimir Spivakov, People's Artist of the USSR, violinist and conductor, founder and director of the Moscow Virtuosi chamber orchestra, was born.
“He loves trees, spring, Moscow. He considers kindness to be his main quality. Most of all, he loves music and family; he treasures his violin. I’m happy when I can rehearse in peace.” That's what his friends say about him. And the maestro himself adds: “I love silence, in life and at a concert. Silence in the hall is success.”