Presentation "family in modern society". Presentation on the topic "psychological problems of the modern family" Presentation on the topic of the problem of the modern family
Sociological research
show that the upbringing of a child is influenced by:
- Family - 50%
- Media, television - 30%
- school - 10%
- street -10%.
Moral education is:
- Gradual enrichment of knowledge, skills, experience.
- development of the mind.
- Formation of attitudes towards good and evil.
- Formation of such personality qualities as ideology, humanism, citizenship, responsibility, hard work, nobility and the ability to manage oneself.
Mark Twain:
“Be patient. When I was 14 years old, my father was so stupid that I could hardly stand him. But when I turned 21, I was amazed at how much this old man had become wiser over the past 7 years.”
- Up to 5 years - complete faith in parents: “parents know, understand, understand everything”;
- 6-11 years – partial faith in parents, suspicions arise that parents still don’t know something;
- 12-16 years old - no faith in parents: “parents don’t know anything, don’t understand anything, don’t understand anything”;
- 17-25 years old – the makings of faith in parents: “parents don’t know much, but...”;
- 26-35 years - restoration of partial faith in parents: “parents still know something, understand something and understand something;
- 36-45 years old – complete faith in parents: “parents know a lot, understand a lot, understand a lot;
- Over 45 years old - full recognition of parents: “parents knew the answers to all the questions, they were right in everything.”
Children are witnesses, they learn to live from life.
- The child is constantly criticized, he learns... ( hate).
- The child lives in enmity, he learns... ( be aggressive).
- The child lives in reproaches, he learns... ( live with guilt).
- The child grows up in tolerance, he learns... (understand others).
- The child is praised, he learns... ( to be noble).
- The child grows up in honesty, he learns... (to be fair).
- The child grows up in safety, he learns... ( believe in people).
- The child is supported, he studies... ( value yourself).
- The child is ridiculed, he learns... (to be closed).
- He lives in understanding and friendship, he learns... (finding love in the world).
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Slide captions:
Family is the most important element of social structure
Young families are: 1. Young family (before the birth of the first child) 2. Young family (with a small child of pre-school age)
Families are distinguished: A young family is a family at the initial stage of its development, at the stage of implementing marital choice. It reveals the usual phenomenon of discovering another person and “grinding in” of characters, i.e. changing your entire lifestyle. There are three main types of young families: - The first type is traditional. Families of this type are characterized by the spouses’ orientation exclusively towards family values, towards a two-child family. The leader in the family, at least formally, is the husband. However, leadership in the family is largely determined by leadership in the economic and everyday sphere of its activities (finance, housing arrangement). The circle of friends of spouses, as a rule, is common and quite limited, perhaps even temporarily withdrawing into family matters. Leisure is often shared and private. - The second type - spouses are focused primarily on personal development and have a focus on a small family. Social-role balance is observed (if possible, the help of the spouses' parents is used). A family can be both open and closed to the microenvironment. The type of leadership is democratic: joint or separate according to the spheres of the family’s life. - The third type - young spouses are focused primarily on entertainment. At the same time, the husband and wife have both common friends and each their own, as a rule, from their previous circle. Reproductive attitudes for a childless or small family. Leadership in the family can be either authoritarian or democratic.
Basic social functions of the family Economic and household functions. The family acts as an economic and household community within which diverse human needs are satisfied. In this process, intra-family relationships are also formed, the content of which is largely determined by the type of economic activity (the sphere of “household chores”). This includes: a) organizing meals in the family; b) acquisition and maintenance of household property, clothing; c) improvement of the home, creation of comfort; d) organization of family life and everyday life; e) creating and spending a family budget.
Basic social functions of the family The recreational and psychotherapeutic function of the family is explained by the fact that the physical and mental forces spent by a person in the labor process can best be restored and recreated in the family. In addition, the expression “my home is my castle” convincingly confirms the idea that a healthy family is the most reliable support, the best refuge where a person can hide from the troubles of the world around him. Spouses may be different in character and temperament, but the mood that one experiences should be understandable to the other. An important role is played by emotional support, including the degree of trust and self-disclosure, turning to another person as a confidant. Moreover, oddly enough, men often need such support. This is because wives provide more emotional support than husbands.
Main family problems Housing problem. With the transition to the formation of a housing market, only a small minority of newlyweds can purchase it on their own, with the help of parents or an enterprise. In addition, there is a direct correlation between deteriorating living conditions and worsening family conflicts. The worse the living conditions, the more difficult it is to find an acceptable solution to the conflict.
Housing problem
Main problems of the family Financial and economic problems are experienced by almost the entire population, especially affecting low-income families, large families, and families with children. The state strives to provide possible assistance in the maintenance and upbringing of children. However, firstly, centralized funds are not enough, and secondly, the available funds are not always used rationally. Thus, issuing money to mothers whose children do not attend child care institutions places a burden on the budget, but does not solve the social problems of mothers. Funds spent on maintaining a network of preschool institutions and protecting jobs would be much more beneficial than distributing benefits. In addition, centralized budget funds are not enough, so the activities of local authorities are very important, as they seek, using internal resources, the opportunity to provide assistance to families living on their territory.
The main problems of the family The problem of employment and unemployment, on the one hand, and the problem of women's employment and double workload, on the other. Double workload for women, i.e. their participation in social labor and their predominant fulfillment of duties in the domestic service of home and family is a problem that was recognized and began to be studied quite a long time ago. Women's unemployment is a way to solve the problem of double female employment. The negative impact of unemployment on the health and social and mental well-being of people is well known. Ideally, a woman should have the right to choose a development program along the lines of career self-fulfillment, or along purely family responsibilities, or both at the same time. And society should create opportunities for her to advance and to combine family and business responsibilities.
Employment problem
Employment problem
Basic family problems The problem of family planning. Today, socio-economic conditions have changed dramatically, and the idea of having many children is becoming a thing of the past. Large families are more common in rural areas. Meanwhile, in this important and delicate problem, humanity has developed a whole set of measures that allow spouses (especially women) to decide for themselves when and how many children they want to have. Providing opportunities for family planning is one of the primary prerequisites for the formation of a civilized society.
Main family problems Intrafamily cruelty. The majority of murders in our country (not counting victims of military and ethnic conflicts) occur on domestic grounds. The number of children admitted to hospitals as victims of parental abuse is increasing. Children's traumatologists also note increased cruelty, sometimes fanaticism, on the part of those who beat them. An increasing number of children are running away from home, unable to bear the abuse of their parents. The number of social orphans is growing - i.e. children who came into the care of the state with living parents or at least one of them. Problems recognized by the world initiate serious research and technological programs aimed at preventing family aggression and helping its victims. Temporary shelters are being created for victims of abuse by husbands, and legal assistance is provided to those who are beaten. But practice shows that it is not so easy for a woman to leave an abusive spouse - there is a disapproving reaction from public opinion, financial dependence on her husband, and fear for her and her children’s future.
The family is the natural and basic unit of society and has the right to protection by society and the state
Positive results of solving the housing problem Increasing the birth rate Moral satisfaction of families
Forms and methods of social work of services with young families
Basic state guarantees Improvement of the relevant regulatory and legal framework is of great importance in the social protection of families. The following laws have been developed and adopted: “On state benefits for citizens with children”; “On the procedure for assigning and paying monthly compensation to women with children under three years of age who were dismissed due to the liquidation of enterprises, institutions, and organizations”; “On improving the system of state social benefits and compensation payments to families with children and increasing their amounts”; “On compensation payments to families with children, students and other categories of persons”; “On the state system for the prevention of neglect and delinquency of minors, the protection of their rights, etc.”
Effective family policy Decent wages Improvement of the entire atmosphere in society Long-term efforts of the authorities and elite
Effective family policy Additional income tax deductions for employees A significant discount on vouchers to resorts and sanatoriums if all family members are vacationing Encourage family small businesses
Student Scientific Society GEC MPK NovSU Scientific supervisor: Sokolova S.N. Law and organization
social
security (group 4801):
Nabokov Yu.A.
Straikova Yu.A.
Podshivalov D.V.
Preschool
education (gr.5861)
Grishenina Yu.A.
The topic is relevant
FAMILYMARRIAGE
Purpose of the study: to study the problems of the modern family that led to its crisis
Research hypothesismodern
Russian family
is in a state
systemic crisis,
which could be
overcome only with
reasonable
state
politics in her
respect.
ESSENCE OF FAMILY:
MARRIAGE – PARENTHIP –KINSHIP
Family functions
SpecificNonspecific
Types of modern family
PolygamyMonogamy
Types of modern family
PatriarchalMatriarchal
Types of modern family
NuclearEgalitarian
Russia in December 1917
Decrees of the Soviet government simplified the proceduredivorce and weakened the responsibility of the spouses
to each other and to the children.
The state's focus on women's professional achievements, rather than on motherhood, weakened the foundations of the family.
New forms of marriage
The number is decreasingofficial marriages,
growth of unions in the form
cohabitation. This
"actual" or
"civil marriage.
Appeared:
creative union,
same-sex,
virtual,
"guest", trial
and other forms of marriage
Rising
entry age
in first marriage (28
years and older).
Increases
age difference
getting married.
Marriages in Russia
peers
make up 40% of
number of all marriages.
Family and marriage in modern Russia
Increasedquantity
divorces and
remarriages.
Main reasons:
alcoholism and
addiction.
Women's
initiative in
divorces – from 60 to
80%.
Family and marriage in modern Russia
The share has increasedfamilies where there is
marriage, but
no parenting.
From 2002 – 2014
proportion of childless people
married couples
increased from 27.8% to
30,2%.
Important factor:
material
Problems.
Family and marriage in modern Russia
Increasednumber of families where
there is parenthood, but
no marriage.
The share of families “mother and
children" increased from 26.8%
in 2002 to 28.4% in 2010
The share of families “father and
children" - from 3.3% to 3.7%.
8 out of 10
disadvantaged children
grow in incomplete
families.
Family and marriage in modern Russia
Decreasedbirth rate.
According to the results
2002 census
Russia 90% of families
had 1-2 children;
In 2010 – 94.2%.
85% of respondents:
material
difficulties; 83% uncertainty
tomorrow.
Family and marriage in
modern Russia
Family and marriage in modern Russia
Increasednumber of persons
those who refused
marriage and your
families.
In Russia about
30% of persons married
no age
wish to join
into marriage.
Family crisis in modern Russia
A crisisRussian family
- not new
forms of marriage or
reluctance
enter into
such, and in
massive
marriage breakdown.
Manifestation
crisis is
violation
family functions,
absence
cooperation and
understanding between
parents and
children
aggressiveness and
neuroticism of children.
Manifestations of the crisis in modern Russia
According to officialaccording to data, Russia is on
first place in the world
by number of children -
orphans.
Daily
negligent parents
lose 200 – 220
children. In Russia from 2
up to 4 million children –
orphans alive
parents.
Manifestations of the crisis in modern Russia
Russia occupiesfirst place in
quantity
teenage
suicides (53
cases per 100,000
population).
Manifestations of the crisis in modern Russia
Drinking, drugs,crime
Incorrect
sexual orientation
Sociological survey of residents of Veliky Novgorod and the Novgorod region
A total of 1025 respondents90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
men
women
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
YU
M
Z
WITH
Human:
men - 195;
women - 830
Age groups:
youth (13 – 19
years);
youth (20 – 30 years old);
mature age (31 –
55 years);
older generation (56
years or more)
Is there a family crisis in modern Russia?
MenWomen
16%
90%
14%
80%
70%
12%
10%
family crisis
there is no crisis
8%
6%
60%
50%
family crisis
there is no crisis
40%
30%
20%
4%
2%
10%
0%
0%
Manchester United
MM
MOH
MS
JU
ZhM
ZhZ
ZhS
Manifestations of the family crisis in modern Russia
MenWomen
20%
18%
16%
14%
12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
new forms
marriage,
reluctance
get married
big
quantity
divorces
impossibility
new marriage
80%
new forms
marriage,
reluctance
get married
big
quantity
divorces
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
impossibility
new marriage
10%
0%
Manchester United
MM
MOH
MS
JU
ZhM
ZhZ
ZhS
Men
Men
12%
25%
10%
birth rate
sex before marriage
neuroticism
orphanhood
suicide
vices
orientation
family functions
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
birth rate
sex before marriage
neuroticism
orphanhood
suicide
vices
orientation
family functions
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
Manchester United
MM
MOH
MS
Trends in changes in the institution of family
WomenWomen
60%
70%
50%
birth rate
sex before marriage
neuroticism
orphanhood
suicide
vices
orientation
family functions
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
60%
birth rate
sex before marriage
neuroticism
orphanhood
suicide
vices
orientation
family functions
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
JU
ZhM
ZhZ
ZhS
The result of changes in the family institution
MenWomen
30%
70%
25%
60%
will lose signs
main
social
institute
will change, but not
will lose his
significance
20%
15%
10%
5%
will lose signs
main
social
institute
will change, but not
will lose his
significance
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
0%
Manchester United
MM
MOH
MS
JU
ZhM
ZhZ
ZhS
Measures
material
stimulation
should encourage
child birth rate
in prosperous
families.
Need a system
social
politicians with support
to science.
State family policy
increase benefits for the birth of a child according tothe size of the subsistence minimum, not the minimum wage;
targeted support for low-income families;
provide loans for the purchase of housing to young people
families;
develop family forms of recreation;
help mothers of young children find employment;
get away from the economy of the two-wage system.
State policy
Return freepreschool system,
school
education,
wellness
children's holiday.
The state is obliged
introduce laws
preventing
Negative influence
Media for teenagers
generation.
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Slide captions:
Modern family: problems and prospects
In our time: Family is a small social group whose members are connected by marriage or kinship ties, a common way of life, and mutual moral and material responsibility. The family is the environment in which the conditions for the mental, emotional, intellectual and physical development of the child are formed. Family is the main support in life, a source of morality, love, respect, a guarantee of peace and harmony in society. “The family is created, and is not given ready-made, and no rights, no responsibilities are given ready-made, but they all flow by themselves, one from the other. Then only this is strong, then only this is holy. The family is built by the tireless work of the family.” F.M.Dostoevsky
Modern family in the world: Swedish family: Child “out of divorce” Chinese family: 1 family – 1 child Finnish family: no “male” and “female” responsibilities Family in Germany: Family and marriage are the basis of the state Japanese family: Patriarchy, personal example American family: independence, independence, “a place in the sun”
Modern Russian family - development trends INCREASE: Divorced families Single-parent families Remarriages Single parents Number of illegitimate children Number of single people Childless families (every 10 family is infertile, every 6 has a problem with conception) DECREASE: Number of children Number of large families
Our women Russia – 80 million women. The average age is 37 years. 20% of women initiate marriage without registration. 50% are married. The woman is self-sufficient. The roles in the family were practically equalized. One woman - one child. 45% of women initiate divorce.
Our men Average age is 60 years. A Russian man is a warrior, a winner, but not in the role of a father. The father is needed in the family as a symbol. In Russia there is no cult of the father, there is a cult of the mother.
Men are teachers Before the revolution In the 80s of the 20th century Today Women work at school - men win competitions (20-18%). An educational institution without men is incomplete. The majority of teachers are men. 30% of men work in schools. Less than 12% are men.
Types of families Prosperous family: - common interests, spiritual connection; - relationships are built on respect for each other; - creative approach to family education; - material well-being. The goal is to instill family values and foster a thirst for parenthood. Formally, a prosperous family: - external well-being; - loss of family values; - Parents are not involved in upbringing. The goal is education for life in society. Dysfunctional families: - lack of family traditions; - upbringing is not accepted as a parental responsibility; -material problems. The goal is survival in society.
How are children different today? Uninhibitedness Hyperactivity Poor health Independence Interactivity Demanding Egocentrism
Traditionally, parents spend time in the family on children. MOMS spend 85% of their free time on activities and communication with the child: games; Reading books; Team work; conversations with the child. DADS devote 25% of their time to their children: passive viewing of TV and video; computer games; car trips.
What difficulties do parents have when raising a child? Difficulty in choosing a punishment - 6% Lack of friends for the child - 9% Difficulties with behavior - 32% Lack of mutual understanding - 8% Difficulties in organizing free time -19% Difficult to answer - 26%
Short recommendations Give your child a choice; Accept your child's individuality; Pamper your children wisely; Encourage a breadth of interests; Take care of the future family happiness of your children; Express satisfaction with your child more often. Don't forget to talk to your child; Listen to your child's questions; Watch what and how you say yourself; Show, don't tell; Spend more time together.
Directions of work of preschool educational institutions and families Encourage parents in raising children as a subject of social relations; Preservation and promotion of health; Development of parent initiatives (parental committee) Physical education of the child and his family Nurturing the child’s aesthetic senses; Formation and education of a family leisure culture; “Learning together” Information and pedagogical education of parents
Forms of work with families: Pedagogical conversations with parents; Thematic consultations for parents; Parent group meetings; Information stands for parents; Organization of matinees in kindergarten; Leisure activities together with parents; Individual counseling for parents; Thematic exhibitions; Open classes for parents and more. etc. The goal is to show what your children can do.
Family is happiness, love and luck, Family is a summer trip to the country. Family is a holiday, family dates, gifts, shopping, pleasant spending. The birth of children, the first step, the first babble, Dreams of good things, excitement and trepidation. Family is work, taking care of each other, Family is a lot of homework. Family is important! Family is difficult! But it is impossible to live happily alone! Always be together, take care of love, drive away grievances and quarrels, I want our friends to say about us: How good your family is!
On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes
What is a family? A family is a small group based on marriage or consanguinity, whose members are connected by a common life, mutual assistance, moral and legal responsibility. In the theory of family law, the family...
“Educational and entertainment event “Seven to Seven” as a form of interaction between a preschool educational institution and the family”
Goals: Creating a living creative union of adults and children for the full development of the child and self-realization of adults. Objectives: Teach parents to observe the child, study him, look...
Family
- A family as a small group is an association of people based on marriage, consanguinity or adoption, connected by a common life, mutual assistance and mutual responsibility
- The family as a social institution is an association that is characterized by a set of social norms, sanctions and patterns of behavior between spouses, parents, children and other relatives
- “A group of relatives living together / husband and wife, parents with children.”
- S.I. Ozhegov
- “A social group characterized by the cohabitation, common management and reproduction of both sexes, two of whom maintain socially approved sexual relationships and have one or more children of their own or adopted.” D
- Murdoch, eng. sociologist
- “A group of people related by direct family relationships, the adult members of which assume responsibility for the care of children.”
- E. Giddens, eng. Sociologist
- “A group based on marriage or consanguinity, whose members are bound by a common life, mutual assistance, moral and legal responsibility.”
- encyclopedic Dictionary
- “The economic unit of society.
- F. Engels
- “The most effective means of preserving the culture of the people and transmitting social heredity.”
- L.N. Bogolyubov, academician
- 1. Family and marriage. Family values
- 2. State and family
- 1. Family
- 2. Marriage
- 3. Family functions
- 4. Types of families
- 5. . Family values
- 6. The problem of the crisis of the modern family
- The population of Russia as of January 1, 2007 was 142.2 million people. (according to Rosstat).
- As of January 1, 2008, the population of Russia, according to Rosstat, was 142,008,838 people.
- As of July 27 - 141.888 million people
- Demography is “the most pressing problem of modern Russia” and today “the situation in this area is critical.”
- V.V. Putin
- Birth and death rates in the country;
- Natural increase rate
- Marriage rate (divorce rate)
- Write an essay “Model of a modern ideal family”
- May joy come to your home,
- Even if you're upset.
- And make sure
- That you are good to everyone.
- Even though life is not sugar, don’t be sad!
- You will succeed!
- Let go of all grievances towards loved ones,
- After all, we are all just learning.
- Our wishes to every family.
- - mutual love;
- -mutual respect;
- -recognition of equal rights of women and men;
- - their awareness of the high responsibility to each other, to the future family;
- -presence of a certain material base;
- “A family is a small group based on marriage or consanguinity, whose members are bound by a common life, mutual assistance, moral and legal responsibility.”
- 1. Small group / association based on marriage, consanguinity or adoption, connected by a common life, mutual assistance and mutual responsibility/.
- 2. Social institution/association, which is characterized by a set of social norms, sanctions and patterns of behavior that regulate relationships between spouses, children and parents, and other relatives/.
- : 1- archaic large families with collective or group property; 2- large families, within which separate family units with private property arose; 3- small or nuclear families with developed private property.
- Questions:
- 1. Would you like to have a family in the future?
- 2. How many children would you like to have in your family?
- 3. Who should be the head of the family?
- 4. How do you feel about civil (unregistered marriage)?
- Number of respondents– 51 people
- 8th grade – 11 people.
- 9th grade – 11 people.
- 10th grade – 12 people.
- 11th grade – 17 people.
- Would like to have a family 51 people
- One child – 19
- Two children - 14
- More than – 7
- The head of the family should be:
- Husband - 32
- Wife – 9
- Difficult to answer -10
- Attitude towards civil marriage:
- Positive – 6 people.
- Negative - 39
- Don't know - 6
- small/nuclear/family, where married spouses and their children live together, and extended family, where more than two generations of relatives live together;
- family without children and family with children;
- family complete / presence of both parents / and incomplete / presence of one parent /;
- patriarchal and partner family
- an increase in the number of divorces and single-parent families;
- increase in remarriages;
- increasing age of young people getting married;
- increase in families with one child;
- growth of childless families;
- an increase in the number of unregistered de facto marital unions and out-of-wedlock births;
- transition in economically developed countries from patriarchal to partner families;
- combining family and professional roles not only by husband, but also by wife;
- separation of the institutions of marriage and family;
- a decrease in the family’s performance of its basic functions, and hence the lack of full-fledged family relationships, the difficulty of socializing children, and demographic problems.
- What are the reasons for these changes in family relationships?
- Are these changes an expression of the decline of the family as a social institution, or do they reflect the complex search for a new type of family, better adapted to the realities of modern society?
- Demography is “the most pressing problem of modern Russia” and today “the situation in this area is critical.” V.V. Putin
- increasing the amount of benefits for child care up to one and a half years.
- introduction of compensation for the costs of preschool education;
- development of a program to provide financial incentives for the placement of orphans and children without parental care in families.
- increase in the cost of birth certificates.
- establishment of maternity capital in the amount of 250 thousand rubles from January 1, 2007.
- regular increases in minimum wages and pensions.
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