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(Astrakhan Bishop's Choir)The origins and formation of professional musical
cultures of Astrakhan lie in the not very distant foreseeable
past and its history is connected with representatives of different
nationalities, but the Russian leaders had an advantage
musical art. Probably professional history
musical culture of Astrakhan is more appropriate to count from the beginning
XVII century, when “it was created on the model of the Moscow Patriarchal Choir
professional church singing group - Astrakhan
Bishop's Choir", which still exists today.
need in
musical art
Astrakhan society
dates back to the end of the 19th century
c., which was facilitated by
various sociohistorical and cultural
factors and, above all, the emergence of a galaxy
highly talented
musicians and
composers in major
cities of Russia and its
capitals. Astrakhan,
located on the outskirts
Russian Empire,
shared the fate of many
provincial towns, but
at the same time in the area
musical culture
showed its uniqueness. Bright personalities who came to live and
work in Astrakhan,
concentrated around themselves
professional musicians and
lovers, with them are most associated
significant events in cultural history
cities. As a rule, these individuals
also possessed organizational
talent, thanks to their enthusiasm
new branches arose
musical and social life and
already established
traditions. An event as important as
opening of the conservatory, also
associated with the arrival of professional
musicians from other regions of the regions and republics. But, naturally,
significant contribution to the musical
local musicians also contributed to the culture,
indigenous Astrakhan people. Many of them,
the most talented left
hometown, achieved great things
success, national recognition, but not
lost connections with Astrakhan and in every possible way
helped enrich her musical
culture. Such outstanding artists as
Valeria Barsova, Maria Maksakova, after whom it is now named
prestigious music festival of vocal art,
held since 1987 in Astrakhan, initiated by
Regional Philharmonic and its director and artistic director
head O.F. Popkov, the author of the very idea of the festival. Tamara began her artistic career in Astrakhan
Milashkina, the students also belong to this galaxy of vocalists
Astrakhan State Conservatory - leading soloists
opera houses of the country - Oleg Biktimirov, Anatoly Bobykin, Elena
Mikhailov, already known far beyond Russia. Special role
People's Artist of the USSR Maria played for the culture of our region
Petrovna Maksakova, as well as the head of the regional department
GW cultures. Korzhenko. They were the initiators of the establishment and
opening of the Astrakhan State Conservatory (1969), because
in Astrakhan there were already a number of musician-teachers capable of becoming
the initial basis of the new music university. The final period of formation of musical theater is associated with the creation
Opera Studio of the Conservatory, its director and conductor, Professor F.Ya.
Sepkulov, director L.L. Khimich, director and artistic
head of the Philharmonic O.F. Popkov, conductor I.A. Smetanin.
The union of musicians of the conservatory and philharmonic society, first in the form
enterprise "Musical Theater", led to the official approval
Astrakhan State Musical Theater in 1996 Opera troupe,
The orchestra was composed of graduates and teachers of the Astrakhan State
conservatory, and graduates of the cultural school - a ballet troupe. Priority to professional local musicians in
productions of opera scenes and performances belonged to
first of all to educational institutions - a music school, and then to an opera studio
conservatory. The importance of the conservatory's opera studio
difficult to overestimate, because it was she who for more than
for nine years satisfied the needs of Astrakhan
lovers of the opera genre. In the opera studio
conservatoires have formed such talented
artists like V. Gorchakov, N. Shchukina, M. Popandopulo, V.
Belyusenko, V. Molokanov, E. Mikhailova, T. Gorokhova, M.
Makarova, S. Antonov, L. Kaftaykina, who became soloists
opera houses in Russia, and many of them formed the basis
Opera troupe of the Astrakhan State Theater.
A new stage in the work of the opera studio was opened by the production
Puccini's opera "Tosca" (1966). Completing the 20th century
The production of the opera studio was “The Maid and Mistress”
Pergolesi and a program of major scenes from the operas La Bohème
Puccini, “Rigoletto” by Verdi, “The Marriage of Figaro” by Mozart,
"Pearl Finders" by Wiese. The symphony had a different fate.
orchestras. Their history in Astrakhan goes back
beginning in the first half of the 19th century, with the organization
mixed orchestra with conductor
I.V. Dobrovolsky in 1806. At the end of the 80s
symphonic music "Scottish"
Symphony" by Medndelson, "Serenade for
string orchestra" P.I. Tchaikovsky,
Borodin's symphonic painting "In the Middle
Asia" was performed by a combined orchestra
professional musicians of the Tersky Theater
Cossack regiment under the leadership of N.L. Lineva.
90s of the XIX century. associated with Astrakhan
department of the RMO and the music school,
held symphony concerts
music from four to eight programs
annually. Organizers of concerts and
the conductors were successively F.F.
Keneman (1898-99), A.L. Gorelov (1899-1903),
A.I. Kapp (1904-1920). Season 1919
held symphony concerts
United Symphony Orchestra, and through
four years Astrakhan Symphony
the orchestra worked with conductor N. Tessler.
Later B.I. Vrana formed
symphony orchestra at the cinema
"Modern" performing classical music in front of
the beginning of film shows, in 1929 he
conducted symphony programs
Astrakhan violinist and conductor G.S.
Zeichenstein. Also in 1929, for a very short
time the symphony ensemble of the fish college appeared
without a conductor (director G. Donyakh), i.e.
orchestra of amateur musicians.
In 1934-1937 amateur orchestra worked
Club of the Council of Trade Employees (head
M.L. Tritus).
10.
Stable development of musical theater and symphonyorchestra in Astrakhan became possible only in the 90s. XX century How
the result of systematic training of musicians at all levels
education: music school - music school conservatory. Only systematic professional
the activities of the conservatory contributed to the creation of a backbone
professional musicians of various specialties,
which now comprise all the leading concert groups
Philharmonic, musical theater of the city.
11.
The Astrakhan Conservatory is a leading music university of its ownmulti-ethnic region, the eighth in a row on the territory of the Russian Federation.” Geography
The number of students studying at the Astrakhan Conservatory is vast - from Belarus to the Far East.
Many of its graduates work not only in the territory of the former USSR, but also in foreign countries.
countries (England, Israel, Canada, USA, Italy, Denmark, Yugoslavia, etc.), have honorary
titles of honored artists and artists, receive the most prestigious awards
laureates of international competitions and festivals.
The teaching staff of the conservatory quite quickly stabilized and
formed into a single creative team.
From the very first years of the Astrakhan Conservatory, its teachers have constantly improved their skills
professional level, perform on tour concerts in the Volga region, the Caucasus,
in many cities of Russia, and since the early 90s. - and abroad.
12.
Creative enthusiasm has distinguished the Astrakhan Conservatory from its first years.existence. Teachers from performing departments prepared several
concert programs per year, chamber ensembles were formed,
teachers and students took part in various competitions. First
For decades, winners of All-Russian and All-Union competitions have been
teachers of the conservatory, by its thirtieth anniversary the conservatory has already
students - laureates of international competitions.
Creative groups of the conservatory saturate the concert life of the city. Student
orchestras - symphony, Russian instruments, opera studio, as it was already
as stated above, significantly influence the level of concert life in Astrakhan. Ensembles
teachers and students have gained international fame. This is, first of all,
ensembles of Russian folk instruments “Skif”, “Nata-Bene Trio”, violin ensembles,
violists and some others.
13.
The history of the Astrakhan Philharmonic, as well as the history of the conservatory, dates back to the 20th century.The first milestone was in 1926, when in the 1926/27 season. artists P.G. Baev and A.A. Solovyov organized
public Philharmonic and invited famous musicians to give tour concerts:
singers G. Pirogov, D. Smirnov, A. Dolivo, G. Lodia, cellist S. Kozolupov, violinist D.
Tsyganov and pianist A. Shatskes. The initiative of the Astrakhan public was the impetus for
the creation of a philharmonic society, operating from 1927 to 1930 under the provincial and then city department
Regional management of entertainment enterprises of the Lower Volga region. Then, as in others
institutions of musical culture, there was a pause of several years, until 1937, when only one
season the Astrakhan branch of the Lower Volga Regional Philharmonic worked (with a concert from
Beethoven's work was conducted by GS. Zeicheshtein, soloist pianist M. Ikonitskaya).
The next year became fruitful for the Astrakhan State Stage, which was reorganized into a branch
Stalingrad Regional Philharmonic: in one season they gave “more than 300 concerts in the city and
100 in villages.”
14.
Annual festivals of musical art have become generally significant events“Astrakhan Autumn”, at which both Astrakhan artists and
visiting soloists and groups from different cities and republics of the USSR
throughout the eighties, the Astrakhan Autumn festivals created
a rich palette of music from different times and performing schools. Initiator
festival was the director of the Philharmonic E. Chernikov, who led the Philharmonic with
1982 but 1989
The Philharmonic constantly held various festivals dedicated to
dates, historical events. But the most significant was the festival
vocal art named after. V. Barsova and M. Maksakova. From a modest evening,
dedicated to the memory of the great singers born in Astrakhan, the festival acquired
international status.
15.
Thus, the musical culture of the Astrakhan region hasrich history, incorporating the main trends
all-Russian musical culture. An important milestone in this
process for the Astrakhan region began in the 19th century, when the
strong traditions of musical art, which have received their
development in the 20th century.
Description
The traditional musical culture of the Urals is a complex cultural phenomenon, the main features of which developed relatively late (in the 17th - 19th centuries). The history of the settlement of the Urals, migration processes, natural geographical factors, differences in the social, national and religious affiliation of the population determine the originality of the musical tradition, stylistic and genre diversity, the heterogeneity of its original components, the diversity of the “musical map” of local variants within the region.
The work consists of 1 file
Musical culture of the native land.
The work was completed by 7v-Trofimova student Irina.
Musical culture of the Urals.
The traditional musical culture of the Urals is a complex cultural phenomenon, the main features of which developed relatively late (in the 17th - 19th centuries). The history of the settlement of the Urals, migration processes, natural geographical factors, differences in the social, national and religious affiliation of the population determine the originality of the musical tradition, stylistic and genre diversity, the heterogeneity of its original components, the diversity of the “musical map” of local variants within the region.
Spiritual verse-like "hymns" were recorded in the evangelical community. The texts of such “spiritual songs” are transmitted in handwritten copies, the origin of the tunes in the popular consciousness is mythologized and is not really determined: “This is an ancient matter. It was the first Christians who sang it. Even the holy apostles, when the Lord celebrated his supper” (Kushvinsky).
Spiritual poems, in Ural manuscripts and publications of the mid-nineteenth century. called "beggar's poems" and "funeral songs", and now exist as part of funeral and memorial rituals. As guards, i.e. calendar dated, these texts exist almost exclusively in the Old Believer and Cossack environment.
With the participation of the Cossacks, the cultural traditions of the southern and southeastern lands took shape. During the construction of defensive fortified lines, the Cossacks populated the territories of what are now Chelyabinsk, Sverdlovsk and Kurgan regions. The way of life with its division into “internal” and “external” life determined the conditions for the existence of various genres of musical folklore. When the Cossacks performed their military duties, historical, soldier, and marching songs were sung. Their plots are quite late. Thus, the events of the soldiers’ songs recorded by A.N. Zyryanov in 1859 in Shadrinsky district, refer to the Patriotic War of 1812 and the first Russian-Turkish war. In everyday life, musical performance was determined by calendar and family events, and accompanied leisure and various labor processes, as among the peasant population of these places.
A small place in the calendar folklore of the Urals was occupied by Maslenitsa songs and refrains, lyrical songs and ditties dedicated to Maslenitsa. The spring holidays were accompanied by children's chants, timed to coincide with Palm Sunday and Easter week, "rocking" ditties. A separate group consists of Semitic and Trinity ritual songs and round dances. Semitsk songs were accompanied by the walking of teenage girls with a decorated birch tree (“gossip”). Round dances and Trinity songs were performed at general celebrations - circles, meadows. The most common forms of driving round dances: circular, “wall to wall”, “through a person”, with “collars”, “curling”, wing dances, as well as imitating the movements of a loom (“warping”) and processions through the village accompanied by songs.
Children's musical folklore is divided into two large groups - the so-called nurturing poetry (lullabies, nurseries, nursery rhymes, jokes, fairy tales with songs, etc.) and children's unconventional folklore itself, which is based on games and play songs, chants, and teasers. The boundary between “adults” and “children” in traditional culture is very arbitrary: romances, lyrical and dance songs, and ditties were sung to children as lullabies and nursery rhymes. In turn, children from an early age mastered the “adult” repertoire, performing lullabies in various situations, then wedding songs, dance and lyrical songs, instrumental tunes, etc.
Song performing art in the Urals has its own characteristics. In most areas of the Sverdlovsk and neighboring Kurgan, Chelyabinsk, and Tyumen regions, a predominantly two-voice texture is observed. The exceptions are the Nevyansky, Kushvinsky, Krasnoufimsky districts, in which the doubling of the lower voice with a third voice occurs (it sounds an octave higher). And in certain villages of the Talitsky district (Belyakovsky Katarach), each performer considered it necessary to lead his own voice.
Women's singing in most areas is characterized by a low tessitura (small octave). The first voice in the Urals is called the lower one, he is the leader. “Mom sang high, and I started singing” (Kamensky). Folk performers from the Kamensky and Kamyshlovsky districts say that previously the lead singer (often a man) performed this voice alone. The second voice is considered to be the top one. They sing along, pull them up, take them out, stretch them out. The bearers of the tradition themselves define the manner of performing lyrical songs as the ability to sway, sway (sing) a motive. The tempo of the chant is defined by them as flat (slow) or frequent, steep (fast).
Performers believe that the overall sound is determined by the lead singer, which is easy or difficult to sing along to. A person who does not know how to sing along detects and crosses the others. In mixed ensembles, men often sang. In women's rural ensembles, songs with a “male” character of the lead or songs from the male repertoire are still preserved.
Each social or age group (mounted shepherds, soldiers, non-kruta, prisoners, widows, married women, children, teenagers) had its own favorite repertoire in each locality. It was performed by small groups of relatives or neighbors. Thus, young people gathered in groups according to age and place of residence - “artels”, “round dances”. “We went to parties from the age of 14. There were several round dances, there were 15 girlfriends in a round dance; each round dance had a nickname: Serbianki, Pikanki, Mokhnushki.” Each artel, as a rule, had its own version of the chant of one or another lyrical or round dance song. Girls and boys from neighboring villages and even artels no longer sang together.
The instrumental tradition in the Urals is represented by playing the accordion, balalaika, violin, mandolin, guitar, various pipes, horns and whistles, as well as numerous percussion and noise instruments (spoons, tambourine, drum, bucket, damper, spindle, etc.). According to expedition materials, in the Chelyabinsk region they also played the gusli. Usually, instrumental tunes accompany dancing or singing ditties.
Valeria Malina
Musical culture of the native land as a means of civic-patriotic education of preschool children
MUSICAL CULTURE OF THE NATIVE LANDSCAPE AS A MEANS OF CIVIC-PATRIOTIC EDUCATION OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Citizenship and patriotism... Are these concepts accessible to children? Based on experience in this direction, we can give an affirmative answer: preschoolers the feeling of love for home, family, hometown, native nature, to his homeland. And this is the beginning of patriotism, which is born in knowledge, and is formed in the process of purposeful education.
It is known that children preschool Ages are very emotional, they are characterized by vivid impressions. Exactly musical art is a tool for influencing the subtle spiritual world of a child. Introduce young children to a wonderful world music, raising on its basis good feelings, instilling civil-patriotic, moral qualities - what a blessed and at the same time important task this is!
Today we can talk about the relevance of this Topics: It’s no secret that our country is experiencing not only an economic crisis, but also a family and family crisis education. Traditions were broken, the threads that connected generations were broken, aggression in society increased, and spiritual foundations devalued. Therefore, it is very important from early childhood to instill in children moral rules, patriotic sentiments, and to bring back the traditions and customs of our people into the child’s life. Cutting off your roots from nationalities in educational process leads to lack of spirituality.
Working musical as a leader in a kindergarten, I understand the need to go back to the basics folk art. Therefore, I see the main task of my activities as enriching children with knowledge about national culture. Getting acquainted with Russian folklore, songwriting, traditions, customs, children learn to love the corner of the Motherland in which they live, to treat native nature, respect and be proud of our history. Let's not forget about the rich cultural heritage of Kuban. After all, the formation of a person citizen, a patriot must begin with his small Motherland - native street, hometown, the edges. Love for big things must be instilled from small things.
On music lessons in secondary and older groups of kindergarten, I widely use various forms of introducing children to musical culture of the Kuban region. Children listen folk songs performed by the Kuban choir, they enjoy performing Cossack songs, playing music on the simplest folk instruments. I'm trying to achieve preschoolers were not only active listeners and spectators, but also active performers of songs, dances, music games, were actively involved in preparing for the holidays and entertainment. The result of this work is the traditional holidays for our kindergarten. "Autumn Fair", "Maslenitsa", "Apple Spas", entertainment “We are Cossack guys”, "Cossack Games".
I propose a holiday scenario for the preparatory group dedicated to the Day national unity« Native the region gathers friends". This is another step towards the formation of preschoolers first feeling patriotism: pride for one’s Motherland, love for native land, respect for traditions.
Scenario of the holiday dedicated to the Day national unity.
NATIVE THE EDGE COLLECTS FRIENDS
Target: form the foundations citizenship, patriotism.
Tasks:
Expand children's understanding of home country.
Arouse interest in the history of your country.
To develop in children a sense of patriotism and love for the Motherland.
Cultivate love for one's native land.
The progress of the holiday
To the song “We have one Motherland” (lyrics by M. Gutseriev, music by V. Drobysh) children enter the hall. Rebuilding with flags. After completing the exercise, everyone takes their seats. Readers come out poems:
1. Each leaf has
At every stream
There is the most important thing in the world -
We have our own homeland.
2. For weeping willow
There is no river sweeter
For a white birch
There is no edge relatives.
3. There is a branch near the leaf,
Gully by the stream...
Everyone in the world
We have our own homeland.
4. The country where we were born,
Where we live joyfully
Our native lands
We call it Russia.
(V. Karasev)
Leading: Good afternoon, dear guys and distinguished guests! On the fourth of November, all of Russia will celebrate the holiday "Day national unity» . The meaning of this holiday is hidden in its name:
DAY PEOPLE'S(the people are you and me, our parents, grandparents, neighbors, friends) UNITY (when we are all friends, we live in harmony, understanding, respect).
What unites us all?
This is a holiday of our people and our Motherland.
A child comes out music(optional music director) is reading poem:
Here the warm field is filled with rye,
Here the dawns splash in the palms of the meadows.
Here are the golden-winged angels of God,
They came down from the clouds along the rays of light.
And they watered the land with holy water,
And the blue expanse was overshadowed with a cross.
And we have no homeland except Russia -
Here is mother, here is the temple,
This is my father's house.
(P. Sinyavsky).
Children perform a song "Russia" (lyrics by L. Shtokolova, music by T. Barbakuts)
Leading: Our people have come up with many proverbs and sayings about the Motherland, home side. What proverbs or sayings do you know about your country?
Children:
A person has one mother, and he has one Motherland.
To live is to serve the Motherland.
A man without a homeland is like a nightingale without a song.
Motherland, know how to stand up for her.
Take care of your native land like your beloved mother.
Native earth is sweet even in a handful.
A man without a homeland is like a land without a seed.
Leading: Russia is a rich and hospitable country. Always give a treat to both the traveler and the passer-by glad:
Let's get up early in the morning,
Let's bake pancakes
With cottage cheese, sour cream,
With honey. Be healthy!
With butter and jam,
Here's a treat for you!
Children with an ensemble of spoon players perform Russian folk song"Pancakes".
Children go out and read poetry:
1. No the edges in the world are more beautiful,
There is no homeland in the brighter world!
Russia, Russia, Russia –
What could be dearer to the heart?
2. Who was your equal in strength?
Anyone suffered defeats!
Russia, Russia, Russia,
We are with you in sorrow and happiness!
3. Russia! Like a blue bird
We protect and honor you,
And if they violate the border,
We will protect you with our breasts!
4. What if we suddenly asked:
“Why is the country dear to you?”
Yes, because Russia is for all of us,
How is your mom dear, - one!
(V. Gudimov).
Children perform a dance sketch “I love you, Russia!” (lyrics and music by R. Gutsalyuk).
Leading: Love for Russia for each of us begins with love for native place where you were born and live.
Children read poetry:
1. We are funny guys
We are Cossack guys,
We love to play together
Sing and dance merrily.
2. The glory of the Cossack ancestors,
Famous leaders
We are ready to multiply
You just need to grow up.
3. No patience to wait for the day
When we get on the horse,
So that with a saber and in the saddle
Serve native land.
4. That's how we guys are,
Mischievous Cossacks,
Grandsons of glorious leaders -
Famous Cossacks!
(N. Dick).
Children perform a song "Kuban Cossacks" (modern Cossack song)
A girl in a traditional Cossack costume comes out.
Cossack woman:
I am a Cossack from Kuban
And my character is cool.
Life is chases and races.
I am both the carrot and the stick.
Queen of the sultry steppe
And wormwood sister.
I'm like a free bird
Both sweet and bitter.
I don't live any other way
Peace does not suit my soul.
I am a Cossack from Kuban.
And don't argue with me!
(S. Prilepskaya).
Guys! I did not come to you empty-handed - I have prepared gifts for you. But first I want to test your ingenuity, to find out whether you are worthy to be called Cossacks. I will ask you riddles, and you will find the answers to them.
1. There will be no fear in your head,
if she is wearing... /hat/
2. Which is more comfortable for your feet?:
shoes or... /boots/
3. Sleeps in a sheath, not in a bed.
Like fire, it really burns.
Both reliable and sharp.
A Cossack's sister in battle.
/checker, saber/
4. Who is a reliable friend in battle,
Does he know his stuff?
With Cossacks against enemies
comes boldly?
5. He is like the wind, like fire.
Best friend - beloved...
6. Wash my hands and face,
poured water over the porch
And hung it on a hook
embroidered... /rushnik-towel/
Cossack woman: Well done boys! Here is a doll as a gift from me - a talisman. People call her "bereginya", because she protects the house from all sorts of troubles.
A Cossack woman says goodbye to her children.
Girls perform a Cossack dance with scarves.
Leading:
These are the last pages,
And the whole Kuban stands before you.
You see how the wheat turns golden,
You hear the surf hitting the shore...
And even if you’re not originally from here,
Once you visit us, you will understand
What kind of nature our spring land is famous for,
What a particularly beautiful beauty!
Children sing the final song "My Kuban" (modern Cossack song)
Municipal budgetary educational institution
"Secondary school No. 61 in Chelyabinsk"
City research conference of young local historians within the framework of the All-Russian program “Fatherland” “Native Land”
Musical culture of the native land
"Cultural heritage"
Scientific adviser:Zavyalova Anna Anatolyevna,
music teacher
first category MBOU "Secondary school No. 61 in Chelyabinsk"
Chelyabinsk, 2018
Content
IntroductionChapter 1 Performers and musical groups of the city of Chelyabinsk
Chapter 2 Research
Conclusion
Literature
Appendix 1 Children's choir studio "Rainbow"
Appendix 2 Survey
Appendix 3 Song Collection
Appendix 4 Children's vocal groups
Introduction
There is a lot of interesting things in the world. We face something every day. For example, we are accustomed to hearing music around us. But have you ever thought about what music is? We don’t see her, but we can’t live without her! What music is played or born in my native land? This is a wonderful opportunity to explore our native music.
We started by answering the question: what is music? To find a complete, interesting answer, we conducted a survey of classmates and our acquaintances from other classes. The answers were different, but most of the guys think that music is art, beautiful sounds, melodies, notes, favorite songs. S. Ozhegov’s dictionary provides a definition of music as “sound sequences organized by pitch and time.”
What is your native land? Classmates believe that the native land is the Motherland, the hometown, the region in which we live, someone believes that the native land is only the place where a person was born. The Dictionary of Epithets defines the native land as “the place of original residence of someone”; the Youth Encyclopedia speaks of the place where childhood and youth passed, where the years of conscious life pass. It turns out that since my birth, my native land and wonderful art - music - have been with us!
Purpose The research became: to get acquainted with the performers and musical groups of our city and region.
Tasks research:
Find information on this topic.
Meet performers and musical groups
Conduct research work. "Musical groups of the city of Chelyabinsk."
Prepare a collection of songs and musical works about the Motherland performed by musical groups and performers of original works of the city of Chelyabinsk and the Chelyabinsk region (texts andCD-disk).
Prepare an information booklet for children and their parents about children's musical groups in the Metallurgical District.
Analyze the obtained research result.
Hypothesis. We assume that the level of informing Chelyabinsk residents about songs and musical works about the Motherland performed by musical groups and performers of original works of the city of Chelyabinsk and the Chelyabinsk region is insufficient.
Object of study : famous musical groups and performers of the city of Chelyabinsk.Subject of study : songs, musical works about the small Motherland - Chelyabinsk and the Chelyabinsk region, performed by musical groups and performers of original works.Research methods : search and synthesis of information, survey and analysis of the results obtained.
Stages research work:
Stage I – preparatory (September 2017, school):
Searching for information on the stated topic on the Internet;
Creation of an information and methodological bank to support research activities.
Stage II – basic (October-November 2017, school)
Conducting a survey;
Preparation of a collection of songs about the Motherland performed by musical groups and performers of our city;
Preparation of an information booklet for children and their parents about children's musical groups in the Metallurgical District.
Stage III – final (December 2017-January 2018)
Formulation of conclusions.
Practical significance: the work done will be useful for students of our school and city, both in music lessons and in everyday life. It will allow you to get to know the talented people of our city and region and get acquainted with their creativity. A collection of songs about the Motherland performed by musical groups and performers from our city can be used both in music lessons and in extracurricular activities with students. An information booklet for children and their parents about children's musical groups in the Metallurgical District will allow parents to choose a group and guide their child to discover his performing vocal talents.
Terms used in the work.
DSHI - children's art school.
DK-Palace of Culture
A musical group is a group of people united by a common goal or work that is, in one way or another, related to music. Typically, a musical group consists of musicians, but it may also include other musical figures (producers, sound engineers) or people not directly involved in the creation of music (artists, poets, technicians).
Chapter 1 Performers and musical groups of the city of Chelyabinsk
“Music is living speech, sensitively reflecting reality, just like speech”
B. Asafiev
We asked our friends of different ages: “What composers, musicians-performers, singers of our Chelyabinsk region and Chelyabinsk do you know?” Many adults named famous musicians and composers of the Chelyabinsk region: Gradsky A.B, Yarushin V, Pakhmutova A, Loskutova T, Rezhsky S, Poplyanova E. Among the famous music performers are Kaplun B, Ricker V.
At ChGIK, a folk music choir “Songs of the Urals” has been created at the department, a repeated winner of various creative competitions. Folk music choir "Songs of the Urals" since 1974. In the seasons 1998-1999, 1999-2000, 2001-2002, 2002-2003, 2003-2004, 2004-2005, 2005-2006. has a Philharmonic subscription “And the Russian song sounds!”. The team prepared 28 solo programs. Among them: monographic concerts dedicated to the works of I. Shutov, V. Goryachikh, E. Rodygin, O. Kovaleva. Of great interest to the viewer were fragments from the holidays of the folk calendar “Christmas and New Year’s Eve”, “Kuzminki”, “Christmastide”, “Night of Ivan Kupala”, “Peter’s Day”, “Semik”, theatricalization of the works of the Ural storyteller P. Bazhov.
My peers also know our composers, but the number of children who know is much smaller than among adults. The guys know little of our Chelyabinsk music performers, but Boris Kaplun is known to the guys, because Many people have heard his performance in musicals for children. Among those performers of vocal music who sing in the city today, the children are known to V. Sheremetyev and M. Khrustalev. At city festivals on the square, vocal groups often sing Russian folk songs. They always seem like family and friends, as if they were composed somewhere near us, and we are familiar with them almost from the cradle, which is why many children believe that folk songs belong to the music of their native land. This is what makes the beauty of a Russian folk song!
How many wonderful people from the world of music have glorified our native land, the music of our native land! In the songA. Kunitsyna“Chelyabinsk - you are my love!” very beautiful, sincere, and very kind, warm words about her hometown and its people:
« The city is blue, blue-blue
From the skies and from the lakes
All the rowan trees flared up
Like a holiday bonfire
How many colors, how much light
Me and among the many colors
And I sing, and I sing to you...»
And now I imagined not only a city with five-story buildings, but also many lakes, large mountains, a bright sun in a blue, peaceful sky... What a simple human happiness - to live in your native land next to your loved ones, go to your favorite school, study, make friends , sing, dance, listen to native melodies, see your beloved small homeland, native land!
The cultural and educational potential of the Chelyabinsk region, the city of Chelyabinsk and our native Metallurgical District is very rich in vocal groups:
Vocal and choreographic ensemble "Yeralash" (MBUDOD "MCDT of Chelyabinsk)
Vocal ensemble "Inspiration" (Chelyabinsk Children's Art School No. 5)
Junior choir of the choir department "Bell" (Chelyabinsk Children's Art School No. 5)
Children's choir studio "Raduga" (Appendix 1) Palace of Culture of PJSC ChMK, Chelyabinsk)
Exemplary ensemble of Russian song “Maryushka” (Danko Children's House of Culture, Chelyabinsk)
Every child has the opportunity to develop their performing talent from early childhood.
Chapter 2 Research
As part of the study, we summarized information about the children's choir studio "Rainbow" (Appendix 1), which will be of interest to students.
We have prepared a music collection performed by musical groups and performers from our city (Appendix 3).
In order to find out the level of awareness of 5th grade students and their parents, we conducted a survey “What is music? What is your native land? The survey was conducted through questionnaires (Appendix 2). 45 students and 50 parents took part in the survey.
As a result of the survey, the following results were obtained:
1) To the question “What is music?” answered - 34 children out of 45 (75%) and 50 parents (100%) know what music is.
2) To the question “What is the native land?” all children and parents gave the correct answer (100%).
3) To the question “How often do you listen to music?” all children answered - often 45 (100%), parents: sometimes 10 (10%), often 40 (90%).
4) Question “What direction in music do you prefer?”:
Folk - 15(33%) children, 10(10%) parents.
Jazz - 10 (22%) children and 15 (30%) parents.
Electronic music - 10(22%) children, 13(26%) parents.
Rock - 10 (22%) children, 12 (24%) parents.
5) To the question “Do you think that music influences the formation of a person’s personality?” 30(67%) children answered yes, 50(100%) parents answered yes.
6) To the question “Would you like to study music professionally?” 22(50%) children answered yes, 10(10%) parents answered yes.
7) To the question “Who instills in you a love of music?” 30 (67%) children answered - teachers, 50 (100%) parents - teachers.
8) To the question “Do you know the composers of your city?” 15 children (33%) answered yes, 25 (50%) parents answered yes
9) To the question “Do you know the musicians of your city?” 10(22%) children answered yes, parents 50(100%) answered yes
10) To the question “Do you know the anthem of your city?” 10(22%) children answered yes, parents 12(24%) answered yes
11) To the question “Do you attend holidays in your city?” 45(100%) children answered - often, parents 50(100%) - often
12) To the question “What is DK?” 45(100%) children answered - they know, parents 50(100%) - they know
13) To the question “What is DSHI?” 45(100%) children answered - they know, parents 50(100%) - they know
Conclusions. As a result of the analysis of the survey, it can be stated that the majority of children and parents believe that teachers instill a love for music, and that music influences personal development.
Based on the results of the analysis of the survey, it was decided to prepare a booklet for children and their parents about children's musical groups of the Metallurgical District, so that everyone has the opportunity to practice vocals, choral singing, and develop performing abilities with professional teachers.
Conclusion
As a result of the research, we came to the conclusion that we need to be more interested in the musical culture of our city. Learn the history and biography of the performers. You can also listen to and attend performances by musical groups.
In this research project, we got acquainted with the history of the emergence of musical groups in Chelyabinsk and their creativity.
The research hypothesis was confirmed: the level of information among Chelyabinsk residents about songs and musical works about the Motherland performed by musical groups and performers of original works in the city of Chelyabinsk and the Chelyabinsk region is insufficient. As a result of the analysis of the survey, it can be stated that the majority of children and parents believe that teachers instill a love for music, and that music influences personal development.
The practical significance of the study lies in the preparation of a collection of musical works. A collection of songs about the Motherland performed by musical groups and performers from our city can be used both in music lessons and in extracurricular activities with students.
We also created a booklet where parents and children can familiarize themselves in detail with the vocal groups of the Metallurgical District of Chelyabinsk.
Literature
http://www.rusprofile.ru/id/1273191
Annex 1
Children's choir studio "Rainbow"
In 1990, the children's choral studio "Rainbow" began its work at the Center for Children and Youth Creativity of the Metallurgical District.
Pupils of the children's choral studio "Rainbow" successfully master not only choral art, but also, as part of an elective course, attend classes in acting, choreography and lessons on musical instruments (piano, accordion, button accordion).
The choir's repertoire includes more than 400 works. These are folk songs, works of Russian and foreign classics, songs of modern Russian and foreign composers. The “golden fund” of “Rainbow” includes such works as “The Nightingale” and “The Golden Cloud Spent the Night” by P.I. Tchaikovsky, Russian folk songs “Are You a River, My Little River”, “At Our Birch Tree” and “How Will I Go to fast river", "Fly, pigeons!" I. Dunaevsky, “Bless my soul the Lord” by M. Ippolitov - Ivanov, “Canon” by B. Britten, “Mother” by V. Gavrilin from the vocal cycle “Earth”, “Song about earthly beauty” by Y. Dubravin from the vocal cycle “O earthly beauty"…These works are especially loved by teachers and children; all generations of "Rainbow" know them. The concert activities of the Rainbow choir are interesting and intense.
During its work, the choir, ensemble and soloists of "Rainbow" took part in more than 600 concerts, which were attended by about 150 thousand people. In the Academic Opera and Ballet Theater named after M. Glinka, the Hall of Chamber and Organ Music on the Scarlet Field, in the Palaces of Culture and the Children's Philharmonic, the Tchaikovsky Music College - in the best concert halls of Russia and our city the voices of the choir children were heard "Rainbow". "Rainbow" is known and loved in the workshops and dispensaries of the metallurgical plant, the Social Protection Center of the Metallurgical District, in a special school for "difficult teenagers" and the Veterans' Home, in a boarding school for the disabled.
Members of the Rainbow choir went on tour to Moscow, Kolomna, St. Petersburg, Samara, Gelendzhik, Zarechny and Kamensk-Uralsky, Sverdlovsk region, Zwickau (Germany). The Rainbow choir, vocal ensemble and show group are repeated laureates and Grand Prix winners of city and regional competitions and festivals “Crystal drops”, “Golden sparkles”, “Sounding sparkles of the Southern Urals”, “Sounding voices”, “Leisya song” ", All-Russian competition "Metallinks". The vocal ensemble, show group and soloists of the Raduga studio are active participants in regional and city festive events. The voices of the participants of the Raduga studio were heard in the best concert halls of Russia.
The "Rainbow" choir twice took part in the performance of large-form works together with the folk group "Metallurgist" (directed by V.D. Streltsov), performing children's choirs in the cantata of the Chelyabinsk composer M. Smirnov "Glory to the people - the winner!" and in S. Prokofiev’s oratorio “Ivan the Terrible”.
The children's choral studio "Raduga", its ensembles and soloists have been repeatedly awarded with Certificates of Honor from Laureates, Diploma winners of All-Union, regional, city competitions, shows and festivals of children's and youth vocal and choral art, annual city schoolchildren's arts festivals "Crystal Drops", "Golden Sparks" , “Resonant Voices”, “Resonant Sequins of the Southern Urals”, the All-Russian competition “Metallinks” in the city of Stary Oskol, the festival “Singing May” in the city of Zarechny, Sverdlovsk region.
Yukova Raisa Davydovna is the organizer of the city competition of choirs and vocal ensembles “Ringing Voices” in the Metallurgical District, each time turning the competition into a real celebration of Song, Music, and Friendship. The Rainbow choir, under the direction of Raisa Davydovna, has repeatedly become the core of the combined choir of children in the Metallurgical District.
Currently, the team includes graduates of the Raduga studio, students of the conducting, choral and vocal department of the Chelyabinsk College of Music and the Institute of Music. P.I. Tchaikovsky.
In 2004, the vocal and choral ensemble "Rainbow" was awarded the Grand Prix of the VIII International Choir Competition "Moscow Sounds" and participated in the Laureates' concert in the Hall of Church Councils of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior.
In 2006, the Rainbow choir became the winner of the Silver Diploma of the International Competition named after. Robert Schumann in Zwickau (Germany).
In 2007, the “Rainbow” choir was awarded a III degree Diploma at the International Competition of Choral Groups “The Singing World” in St. Petersburg.
For many years of fruitful work in the aesthetic education of children, high professionalism and creative achievements, the team of teachers of the children's choir studio "Rainbow" has been repeatedly noted and awarded with certificates of honor and letters of gratitude.
Appendix 2
Poll “What is music? What is your native land?
1) What is music? ______________________________________________
2) What is your native land? __________________________________________
3)How often do you listen to music?
Often________
Sometimes_______
Never_______
4)What direction in music do you prefer?
Folk music______
Jazz______
Electonic music
Rock____
5) Do you think that music influences the formation of a person’s personality? Not really______
6) Would you like to study music professionally? Not really_______
7) Who instills in you a love of music? __________________________________
8) Do you know the composers of your city? Not really_________
9) Do you know musicians from your city? Not really_________
10) Do you know the anthem of your city? Not really_________
11) Do you attend holidays in your city?
Often________
Sometimes_______
Never_______
12) What is a recreation center? _____________________________________________________
13) What is DSHI? ___________________________________________________
Appendix 3
A collection of songs performed by musical groups and performers of original works of the city of Chelyabinsk
Anthem of the Chelyabinsk region
(V. Alushkin)
Our land is majestic,
since Peter's times
You are illuminated by the light of great victories,
Sacred metal
with a laboring hand,
For centuries you have been serving our dear Russia.
Your blue lakes, forests and fields
There is nothing more beautiful in the world, nothing dearer to the heart.
The hope of Russia, its sentry,
May you keep your beloved Fatherland in peace.
We are proud of you, we are faithful to you,
Our Southern Urals are the honor and glory of the country.
The city begins
(A. Gorskaya)
In the heart of the ancient Urals
You find Chelyabinsk millionth.
The city starts from the station,
From our Sovetsky district.,
From the station square and square,
Where is the metro being built today?
And also from your and our faith
In justice, reason and goodness.
The city begins, listen
From the best street of Liberty,
The city begins with a Katyusha
Leaving our factory.
There is a holy place at Poklon Mountain,
Let the war be only in memory and dreams,
But they come with bridal bouquets
To a mother grieving for her sons.
Only in Chelyabinsk
(A. Gorskaya)
Only in Chelyabinsk is Lake Smolino,
Only in Chelyabinsk is the Miass River,
Only in Chelyabinsk there is plenty of sunshine,
Plenty of sunshine and snow in reserve.
Only in Chelyabinsk we are at home,
No matter how you praise him, no matter how much you scold him.
Only in Chelyabinsk there are so many acquaintances,
So many acquaintances, friends and relatives.
City of the glorious Urals
(M. Grossman)
City of the glorious Urals
As if cast from metal
As if forged by a blacksmith
City of the glorious Urals -
With my slightly tired
And a special face.
At the post of care and battle
In the past years
We became related to him by fate,
And above us is blue
A sky of peace and labor.
Our Ural forges and mows,
The stoves burn day and night,
And the charge is enormous -
Never walked in a wagon train
Proud city of Tankograd!
Reading the solemn decree,
We thank the Fatherland,
And to the children of the fiery land,
We tell our children:
- You continue this work,
So that the people will sing about you too,
And take the baton for you
Order-bearing deeds of ours.
So let the children's faces bloom, -
Your hugs are tender
Order-bearing capital
Order-bearing side!
My city
(V. Bogdanov)
My city. Rising enormously
Looks into the distance widely and brightly.
And the blush comes from the domain
On his working brow.
And under the Ural sky it’s not without reason,
Rising in all its beauty.
He gained the severity of a steelworker
And the worker took the direct approach...
Lane Elektrodny,
Nook of Steel...
Here we have in any year
They didn't care about the price.
Oxygen
And rental,
Ferroalloy,
Labor...
It’s immediately clear to everyone
You can decipher it without difficulty.
Behind the names is reality,
A city with a difficult fate...
Enter the verse
Documentary–
Brighter than any fiction...
Exemplary ensemble of Russian song "Maryushka" (Leaders: Olga Kiryanova) DDK DANKO Chelyabinsk, st. Elektrostalskaya, 33
Sergushova Nadezhda
The origins and development of the musical culture of the Astrakhan region.
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Musical culture of the native land Prepared by Nadezhda Sergushova, a student of 7th grade “A” of MBOU “Secondary School No. 24”.
(Astrakhan Bishop's Choir) The origins and formation of the professional musical culture of Astrakhan lie in the very distant foreseeable past and its history is connected with representatives of different nationalities, but figures of Russian musical art had an advantage. It is probably more appropriate to count the history of the professional musical culture of Astrakhan from the beginning of the 17th century, when “a professional church singing group was created on the model of the Moscow Patriarchal Choir - the Astrakhan Bishop’s Choir,” which still exists today.
Nevertheless, the active need for the musical art of Astrakhan society dates back to the end of the 19th century, which was facilitated by various socio-historical and cultural factors and, above all, by the appearance of a galaxy of highly talented musicians and composers in large cities of Russia and in its capitals. Astrakhan, located on the outskirts of the Russian Empire, shared the fate of many provincial cities, but at the same time showed its own uniqueness in the field of musical culture.
Bright personalities who came to live and work in Astrakhan gathered professional and amateur musicians around them; the most significant events in the cultural history of the city are associated with them. As a rule, these individuals also had organizational talent; thanks to their enthusiasm, new branches of musical and social life arose and the already established traditions continued. Such an important event as the opening of the conservatory is also associated with the arrival of professional musicians from other regions - regions and republics. But, naturally, local musicians, native Astrakhan residents, also made a significant contribution to the musical culture. Many of them, the most talented, left their hometown, achieved great success and national recognition, but did not lose ties with Astrakhan and helped in every possible way to enrich its musical culture.
Such outstanding artists as Valeria Barsova, Maria Maksakova are inextricably linked with Astrakhan, after whom the prestigious music festival of vocal art, held since 1987 in Astrakhan, is now named, initiated by the Regional Philharmonic and its director and artistic director O.F. Popkov, the author of the very idea of the festival.
Tamara Milashkina began her artistic career in Astrakhan. This galaxy of vocalists also includes students of the Astrakhan State Conservatory - soloists of the country's leading opera houses - Oleg Biktimirov, Anatoly Bobykin, Elena Mikhailova, already known far beyond Russia. A special role for the culture of our region was played by the People's Artist of the USSR Maria Petrovna Maksakova, as well as the head of the regional department of culture GV. Korzhenko. They were the initiators of the establishment and opening of the Astrakhan State Conservatory (1969), because in Astrakhan there were already a number of musician-teachers capable of becoming the initial basis of a new music university.
The final period of the formation of musical theater is associated with the creation of the opera studio of the conservatory, its director and conductor, Professor F.Ya. Sepkulov, director L.L. Khimich, director and artistic director of the Philharmonic O.F. Popkov, conductor I.A. Smetanin. The unification of musicians from the conservatory and philharmonic society, first in the form of the entreprise “Musical Theatre,” led to the official approval of the Astrakhan State Musical Theater in 1996. The opera troupe and orchestra were made up of graduates and teachers of the Astrakhan State Conservatory, and graduates of the College of Culture - a ballet troupe.
The priority of professional local musicians in staging opera scenes and performances belonged primarily to educational institutions - the music school, and then to the opera studio of the conservatory. The importance of the opera studio of the conservatory can hardly be overestimated, because it was it that for more than nine years satisfied the needs of Astrakhan lovers of the opera genre. The opera studio of the conservatory produced such talented artists as V. Gorchakov, N. Shchukina, M. Popandopulo, V. Belyusenko, V. Molokanov, E. Mikhailova, T. Gorokhova, M. Makarova, S. Antonov, L. Kaftaykina, who became soloists of Russian opera houses, and many of them formed the basis of the opera troupe of the Astrakhan State Theater. A new stage in the work of the opera studio was opened by the production of Puccini’s opera “Tosca” (1966). The final production of the 20th century by the opera studio was Pergolesi’s “La Maid-Madam” and a program of major scenes from the operas “La bohème” by Puccini, “Rigoletto” by Verdi, “The Marriage of Figaro” by Mozart, “The Pearl Fishers” by Wiese.
Symphony orchestras faced a different fate. Their history in Astrakhan dates back to the first half of the 19th century, with the organization of a mixed orchestra by conductor I.V. Dobrovolsky in 1806. At the end of the 80s, the symphonic music “Scottish Symphony” by Medndelson, “Serenade for String Orchestra” by P.I. Tchaikovsky, Borodin’s symphonic painting “In Central Asia” was performed by a combined orchestra of professional musicians from the Terek Cossack Regiment Theater under the direction of N.L. Lineva. 90s of the XIX century. associated with the Astrakhan branch of the Russian Musical Society and the School of Music, which held symphonic music concerts from four to eight programs annually. The concert organizers and conductors were successively F.F. Keneman (1898-99), A.L. Gorelov (1899-1903), A.I. Kapp (1904-1920). During the 1919 season, symphony concerts were conducted by the United Symphony Orchestra, and four years later the Astrakhan Symphony Orchestra worked with conductor N. Tessler. Later B.I. Vrana formed a symphony orchestra at the Modern cinema, performing classical music before the start of film shows; in 1929, its symphony programs were conducted by the Astrakhan violinist and conductor G.S. Zeichenstein. In the same 1929, for a very short time, a symphony ensemble of the Fishing College appeared without a conductor (director G. Donyakh), i.e. orchestra of amateur musicians. In 1934-1937 The amateur orchestra of the Club of the Council of Trade Employees (director M.L. Trituz) worked.
The stable development of musical theater and symphony orchestra in Astrakhan became possible only in the 90s. XX century as a result of systematic training of musicians at all levels of education: music school - music college - conservatory. Only the systematic professional activities of the conservatory contributed to the creation of a core of professional musicians of various specialties, who now make up all the leading concert groups of the Philharmonic and musical theater of the city.
The Astrakhan Conservatory is the leading music university in a unique multi-ethnic region, the eighth in a row in the Russian Federation.” The geography of students at the Astrakhan Conservatory is vast - from Belarus to the Far East. Many of its graduates work not only in the territory of the former USSR, but also in foreign countries (England, Israel, Canada, USA, Italy, Denmark, Yugoslavia, etc.), have honorary titles of honored artists and artists, and receive the most prestigious awards of international laureates competitions and festivals. The teaching staff of the conservatory quite quickly stabilized and formed into a single creative team. Since the very first years of the Astrakhan Conservatory, its teachers have been constantly improving their professional level, performing on tour in the Volga region, the Caucasus, in many cities of Russia, and since the early 90s. - and abroad.
Creative enthusiasm has distinguished the Astrakhan Conservatory from the first years of its existence. Teachers of the performing departments prepared several concert programs a year, chamber ensembles were formed, teachers and students took part in various competitions. In the first decades, conservatory teachers became laureates of all-Russian and all-Union competitions; by its thirtieth anniversary, the conservatory already had students who were laureates of international competitions. Creative groups of the conservatory saturate the concert life of the city. Student orchestras - symphony, Russian instruments, opera studio, as mentioned above, significantly influence the level of concert life in Astrakhan. Ensembles of teachers and students have gained international fame. These are, first of all, ensembles of Russian folk instruments “Skif”, “Nata-Bene Trio”, ensembles of violinists, violists and some others.
The history of the Astrakhan Philharmonic, as well as the history of the conservatory, dates back to the 20th century. The first milestone was in 1926, when in the 1926/27 season. artists P.G. Baev and A.A. Solovyov organized a public philharmonic society and invited famous musicians to tour concerts: singers G. Pirogov, D. Smirnov, A. Dolivo, G. Lodia, cellist S. Kozolupov, violinist D. Tsyganov and pianist A Shatzkes. The initiative of the Astrakhan public was the impetus for the creation of a philharmonic society, operating from 1927 to 1930 under the provincial and then city department of the Regional Administration of Entertainment Enterprises of the Lower Volga Region. Then, as in other institutions of musical culture, there was a pause of several years, until 1937, when the Astrakhan branch of the Lower Volga Regional Philharmonic worked for only one season (a concert from Beethoven’s work was conducted by GS. Tseicheshtein, the soloist was pianist M. Ikonitskaya). The following year became fruitful for the Astrakhan State Stage, reorganized into a branch of the Stalingrad Regional Philharmonic: in one season “more than 300 concerts were given in the city and 100 in villages.”
The annual festivals of musical art “Astrakhan Autumn” have become generally significant events, at which Astrakhan artists, visiting soloists, and groups from different cities and republics of the USSR perform. Throughout the eighties, the “Astrakhan Autumn” festivals created a rich palette of music from different times and performing schools. The initiator of the festival was the director of the Philharmonic, E. Chernikov, who led the Philharmonic from 1982 to 1989. The Philharmonic constantly held various festivals - dedicated to personal dates and historical events. But the most significant was the festival of vocal art named after. V. Barsova and M. Maksakova. From a modest evening dedicated to the memory of the great singers born in Astrakhan, the festival has acquired international status.
Thus, the musical culture of the Astrakhan region has a rich history, which has absorbed the main trends of all-Russian musical culture. An important milestone in this process for the Astrakhan region was the 19th century, when strong traditions of musical art were established and developed in the 20th century.
Thank you for your attention!