Student’s research work “Disappeared letters of the Russian language. Research work “abvgdeyka” or “what is the alphabet and alphabet and why you need to know them The alphabet in people’s lives its significance

The Russian alphabet was created by the brothers Cyril and Methodius to order of the current emperor. But why did the emperor himself need the alphabet?

Application of the alphabet in everyday life

Let's say you're looking for a number in the phone book. It's so quick and convenient to scroll to the desired letter and find it. Or you asked for a book in the library, and it was quickly found in the electronic book database. But increasingly, the use of the alphabet is being replaced by a search - you enter the initial few letters and the system automatically produces a list of results.

But there are some situations in which the alphabet is indispensable - when there is no electronics. For example, you need to find a specific paper book in a store or library. After all, it’s much faster and easier to look at a specific shelf than to rummage through a general pile?

The importance of the alphabet when compiling lists of people remains relevant. How to determine who to record first and who to record second? A person may be offended or sue for infringement of his rights. And so you can justify yourself in alphabetical order - your last name begins with “B”, and his - with “A”, so he is first.

Alphabetical order is used when studying a list of products or price lists - thanks to it, all positions are easily combined with each other and become easier to study, for example:

• Maxriter pen - 10 rub.;
• Flair pen - 13 RUR;
• Stapler - 400 rub.

To enter school/promote to a certain class, students are tested on their knowledge of the alphabet. Sometimes ignorance can lead to denial of admission or transfer.

What does it mean to "know the alphabet"

Knowing the alphabet means knowing the exact number of letters in it, their order. If a child can name each letter, but cannot tell them their order, he does not know the alphabet.

As a result, we can conclude that in the modern world the search function of the alphabet is gradually fading into the background - it is being replaced by electronic search. But it still remains an excellent means of organizing information in any form - tangible (books, records, list of goods) or intangible (list of numbers on the phone, display of files on the laptop).

At first, people used only oral speech. Then written language gradually emerged and spread widely. In oral speech, we deal with sounds in words (we pronounce and hear sounds), and in written speech, we deal with the letters that represent these sounds (we see, read and write letters). Letters can be printed or handwritten; large (capital) and small. The letters are arranged in a certain order, mandatory for everyone, and then they are called the alphabet (or alphabet), and this order is alphabetical. The Russian alphabet has 33 letters: 10 vowels, 21 consonants and two letters -Ъ and b-, which do not represent sounds. Words are placed alphabetically in dictionaries and reference books, and various lists are compiled. For example, words in a spelling dictionary, names of institutions and names of residents in a telephone directory, names of authors in a library card index are arranged in alphabetical order. You need to know the alphabet to learn any language. The alphabet is an important part of the development of civilization and culture (mastery of other sciences and transfer of knowledge to other people). A good knowledge of the alphabet helps a person in life.

Lesson type: combined.

Form: lesson-conversation.

Lesson type: illustrative and explanatory.

Technology: on a dialogue basis with game elements.

The purpose of the lesson: give knowledge about the features of the Russian alphabet.

Lesson objectives:

• Educational:
  • ensure that students master the features of the Russian alphabet;
  • achieve knowledge about the history of writing;
  • summarize and systematize knowledge on the topic of the lesson;
  • practice skills in using the alphabet and soft sign functions;
  • eliminate gaps in knowledge on the topic “Syntax”, “Morphology”, and the ability to conduct a conversation.
• Developmental:
  • develop the ability to apply knowledge in practice;
  • develop the ability to highlight the main thing;
  • develop skills partially - search cognitive activity;
  • develop the ability to creatively approach problem solving;
  • develop the ability to work at a given pace: write, read, use educational and reference literature;
  • develop initiative and self-confidence.
• Educational:
  • cultivate a conscientious attitude to work;
  • cultivate discipline;
  • develop a sense of beauty.

Equipment:

• table "Alphabet";
• multimedia technologies;
• textbook; dictionaries; history of Russian writing;
• "Cyrillic";
• task cards;
• linguistic simulator - circle.

DURING THE CLASSES

I. Organizational moment

Checking readiness for the lesson. Greetings. Creating an emotional mood.
State the topic and purpose of the lesson.

(Annex 1 , slides 1, 2).

II. Repetition of previously learned knowledge. Commentary letter.

Exercise 1. Write down the proverbs, comment on the spellings and punctuations that appear in these sentences; parse the first sentence.

(Annex 1 , slides 3, 4).

Alphabet - the wisdom of the step.
Az and beeches relieve flour.
If you want to know the truth, start with the ABCs.

– How do you understand these proverbs?

Task 2. Perform a morphological analysis of nouns in 1 sentence using a linguistic simulator.

Technology: the student talks about the noun using a specific example, showing it visually on the device.

Task 3. Write down the transcription of the word alphabet.

Task 4. Pay attention to the word (from) flour. Place the stress on a different syllable. What are these words called?

– Homophones.

III. Explanation of new material

1. Teacher’s message with elements of heuristic conversation

– What are the names of all the letters collected together?
- Right, alphabet.
– What is another name for it?
- Right, ABC.
– Who knows how these words – alphabet and alphabet – got their name?
– These words, guys, are formed in the same way: from the names of the first two letters, but the word alphabet- from the first two letters of the Greek language (alpha and vita), and ABC- from the letters of the Old Russian language ( az And beeches).

2. (Annex 1 , slide 5).

Vocabulary work(alphabet, alphabet).

3. Show an excerpt from a lesson from the virtual school “Cyril and Methodius”

4. Continue the conversation

- Guys, do you think letters were read and written the same way before as they are now?
– Of course not, a lot has changed in their writing. Previously, each letter was taught by name.

(Annex 1 , slide 6). Slavic ABC.

– The Russian alphabet comes from the Slavic alphabet, created in 863. two learned monks - brothers Cyril and Methodius based on Greek. Both of them knew the language of the southern Slavs well and were sent by the Byzantine emperor to Moravia to teach the local Slavs how to worship in their native language. To translate the sacred books, a new alphabet was needed. This is how the first Slavic alphabets were born - Glagolitic and Cyrillic. The Glagolitic alphabet quickly fell out of use.

– You see that it was very difficult to remember such an alphabet. Therefore, at the beginning of the 18th century, Peter I carried out a reform of the alphabet. Difficult to write letters were replaced by the so-called civil script. We use this type of letters with minor modifications now.
“Under Peter the Great,” M.V. Lomonosov jokingly wrote, “not only the boyars and boyars, but also the letters threw off their wide fur coats (Slavic script) and dressed up in summer clothes (meaning the civil alphabet).”
In 1917–18, the following reform was carried out and “i”, “yat”, “Izhitsa”, “fita” and “er” at the end of the word were excluded from the alphabet.
After eliminating the extra Cyrillic letters, there should have been 31 left in the Russian alphabet. But it turned out to be 33. Where did they come from?
– They were invented in the 18th century for sounds that did not exist in Old Church Slavonic: й - in 1735, and ё - in 1797. The letter e was first used by the writer N.M. Karamzin, author of “The History of the Russian State.”
These 33 letters are quite enough for us now.
– Let’s lift the veil of history and, after listening to an excerpt from N. Konchalovskaya’s poem “Our Ancient Capital,” we will find out how literacy was taught in Rus' in the old days.
(This part of the lesson can be formatted as “Historical Background”.)

5. Expressive reading of a poem a pre-prepared student.

(Annex 1 , slide 7).

"Our ancient capital."
In the old days, children studied -
They were taught by the church clerk -
They came at dawn
And the letters repeated like this:
A da B – Az da Buki,
V - like Vedi, G - verb.
And a teacher for science
On Saturdays I flogged them.
That's how wonderful it is at first
Our diploma was there!
This is the pen they used to write with -
From a goose wing!
This knife is for a reason
It was called “pen-shaped”;
They sharpened their pen,
If it wasn't spicy.
It was difficult to read and write
To our ancestors in the old days,
And the girls were supposed to
Don't learn anything.
Only boys were trained.
Deacon with a pointer in his hand
I read books to them in a sing-song manner
In Slavic language.

– How and who taught children to read and write in the old days?
– What are these goose wing feathers?
– Why was the knife called a “penknife”?
– Who wasn’t supposed to study in the old days?

(Annex 1 , slide 8).

Vocabulary work(deacon, penman).

6. Working with the textbook

– Guys, do you know that there are rules for pronunciation of letters of the Russian alphabet? Some letters denoting consonants are pronounced with the sound [a], some with the sound [e] at the beginning, and some with the sound [e] at the end. Read the theoretical material of the textbook carefully.

– How many vowels?
- How many consonants are there?
– What is special about the letters b and b?
– Name the letters in the pronunciation of which we pronounce the sound [a].
– Name the letters in the pronunciation of which we pronounce the sound [e].

IV. Reinforcing the material learned

1. Expressive reading of a poem B. Zakhoder in order to reinforce the correct pronunciation of letters (slide 9 is projected on the screen and distributed to each table).

Exercise: Determine which letters are missing from the poem and put them in their place.

Thirty-three sisters,
Beautiful writings,
They live on the same page,
And they are famous everywhere.

They are rushing to you now,
Dear sisters,
We ask all the guys very much
Make friends with them!

Five sisters were late -
We played hide and seek.
And now all the letters are standing up
In alphabetical order.

A, Be, Ve, Ge, De, E, Zhe, -
They rolled up on a hedgehog.
Ze, I, Ka, el, em, eN, O –
Together they climbed out the window.
Pe, eR, eS, Te, U, eF, Ha –
They saddled the rooster.
Tse, Che, Sha, Shcha, E, Yu, Ya, –
Everyone is my friend now!

Get to know them, kids.
Here they are standing next to each other
It's very bad to live in the world
For those who are not familiar with them.

2. Conversation:

– What is the practical significance of knowing the alphabet?
– In what areas of activity does a person need knowledge of the alphabet?
– Indeed, the alphabet saves time, helps to systematize various materials: using the alphabet, you can easily and quickly find the right word in any dictionary, the names of institutions and the names of residents in the telephone directory, the names of authors in the library card index.
For today's lesson, some of the guys received an assignment. Guys, tell me what you learned?
– How is the alphabet used in the library?
– How does the alphabet help medical workers?
– Teacher's assistant.

3. Creative cheating

Exercise: write down the words in alphabetical order, check the spelling if necessary using a spelling dictionary.

Cor(?) respondent, d...zhurny, arch...tektura, g...ologist, initiative, k...manda, g...neral, sp...sibo, r...daktion, inst...here, exp...dication, b...bl... edema, k...t...log, b...graphy, s...natorium, a...car, broch...ra.
(Car, architecture, library, biography, brochure, general, geologist, duty officer, initiative, institute, catalogue, team, correspondent, editorial office, sanatorium, thank you, expedition).

4. Game “Who is faster?”

Exercise: mentally arrange the words in alphabetical order, determine their order and connect them with arrows to the desired number. Each student fills out an individual card, which he turns in after completing the task. The winner is determined by two criteria: the correctness of the work and the speed of filling out the card.

Knowledge 1
Good guy 2
Purity 3
Compass 4
Pencil 5
Speed ​​6
School 7
Outfit 8
Pencil case 9
Life 10

5. Work on speech culture

- Look, guys, at the modern alphabet.
– They say about a letter that it denotes a sound. Distinguish between sound and letter. Do not pronounce the name of the letter instead of the sound.

(Annex 1 , slides 10, 11). "Help Dunno."

- Guys, help Dunno. Look how he completed the task. Find errors, write down the names of letters in corrected form.
- In a word sheet 4 letters: “l”, “i”, “se”, “te”.
- In a word line 7 letters: “es”, “te”, “re”, “o”, “che”, “ka”, “a”.

– One of the mysteries of the Russian language is the soft sign. A letter that does not represent a sound. How is b related to spelling?
– A soft sign is always a spelling error (a dangerous place).

(Annex 1 , slides 14-17).

Exercise: Distribute the words into three groups.

(Annex 1 , slides 18, 19).

Boy, luxury, notebook, tell, curl, swim, Sophia, assign, take.

– Explain your choice.

6. Commented letter

– Which letters do not represent sounds? (b, b)

Exercise: determine the gender of nouns and explain the placement of ь or its absence at the end of nouns using a circle simulator.
Technology: three students work at the board, the rest write in a notebook. One student reads the example, the second uses a circle simulator to determine the gender and declension of a noun, the third uses a circle simulator to explain the spelling of b at the end of nouns.

Death was rampant at sea h; they gave me to the boy h and toy me h; those were found in the hold whose; we ran sew; help arrived on time uh; naughty little ones w; ne whose heated all the rooms; side and guarded the house; there was a gara next to the house and; gua sew and that one sew needed by artists; around the tee sew yes smooth surface; forest wilderness sew; the landsa blossomed w; the kama is making noise w; buy me bro sew; brave youth yeah.

7. Distributive dictation

(Annex 1 , slides 20, 21).

Arrange the names of the sections of the science of language in alphabetical order: phonetics, morphology, graphics, spelling, punctuation, syntax, vocabulary, grammar.

Technology: words are projected on the screen and written on cards, when going to the board, the student must attach a cardboard card with the name of the section of the science of language using a magnet to the board in alphabetical order.

8. Game "Cryptor".

(Annex 1 , slides 22, 23).

Exercise: read and write the encrypted words.

9, 1, 4, 1, 5, 12, 1.
1, 13, 22, 1, 3, 10, 20.
9, 3, 21, 12, 10.
22, 16, 15, 6, 20, 10, 12, 1.
19, 10, 15, 20, 1, 12, 19, 10, 19.
2, 21, 12, 3, 29

Answers: riddle, alphabet, sounds, phonetics, syntax, letters.

Technology: Each student has an alphabet card with numbers above the letters. The guys receive a task in rows (two words at a time, if there is time left in the lesson, they encrypt all the words). Who is faster.

V. Summing up the lesson

– What is the alphabet?
– How was this word formed?
– Why do you need to know the alphabet?
– What have you learned from the history of the alphabet?
– How many letters are in the Russian alphabet?
– What letters represent vowel sounds? How many are there?
– What letters represent consonant sounds? How many are there?
– Which letters do not represent sounds?
– If the first letters of the words are the same, how to arrange the words correctly?

VI. Grading

VII. Homework information

- Learn the alphabet.
– Complete exercise No. 289.

Additional task upon request. The kids choose the card themselves.

Individual task using cards:

1. In these words, insert the missing letters and place the emphasis. Distribute the words into the following thematic groups: “School”, “Library”, “Theater” in alphabetical order.

R...pertoire, v..stibule, k...talog, ill...stration, d..rector, office, office, k..b..net, r..p..tition, sp..ktakl, br. .sh..ra, ab..n..ment, newsletter, periodicals, dec. .walkie-talkie, d..but, b..letteristics, l. .ureate, k. .clopedia, g..rbarium, b..lety, f..ye, literary g..roy, g..zeta, g..rderob, b..nocle, p..rter, f.. stival, st. laz, consultation, copy, k..r..ndash.

2. In these words, insert the missing vowels and consonants and place the emphasis. Write down the words for the following thematic groups: “Physical education and sports”, “Science and technology” in alphabetical order.

Art..lerist, b..talion, training..rovka, s..m..for, tr..leybus, k..meta, pl..neta, excavator, diesel..l, city. .mnastica, d..visia, g..n..ral, k..r..bin, mouth..print, esc..lator, st..dion, b..pool, tr..mplin, r ..ketchik, k..nveyer, sh..nel, int..ndant, k..n..nada, bl..kada, r..portage, f..nal, k..computer, g.. potenuse, k..rozia, m..lekula, ch..mpion, p..l..gon, k..zarma, p..l..tka, k..company, p..tit, man. .ken, r..ntgen, d..agnoz, p..patient, b..cteria, bl..ndazh, b..s..ktrisa, m..diana, s..licates, b..ketball , tr..neck.

Alphabetis a system of sacred symbols that allows you to consciously control the Rays of Light that form events in the Hologram of the manifested world. We know the symbols of the alphabet under the name Letters, so let’s immediately give a definition of the word letter.

Letters- these are plasma volumetric forms that influence the direction of movement of a ray of Light passing through them.

Each letter, when pronounced, has its own sound vibrations, which determine its color and smell, as well as the reaction of genes inside human DNA. Letters have the ability to change the direction of light and its qualitative characteristics when a ray of light passes through them.

Alphabet Knowledgecarry the basis of the “All Light Literacy” about the structure, life of man and the entire Universe. By studying the components of the Alphabet - letters, a person gains partial knowledge about the construction of speech, about managing his states, the events of his life in creating new structures of thought for its materialization.

All sounds on the plane are formed by symbols, that is, notes, letters, numbers and drawings with different semantic content of the images they create.

Combinations of letters are called words. Those letter combinations that the Lord introduced into human genes make up the correct words.

The letters of the planetary Alphabet, with which human genes are written, compiled in a certain sequence, form the human gene ethics, from which the word genetics comes.

Words corresponding to gene ethics, when pronounced and when read, evoke various images with which he operates in his life. Initially, there were 9 million of them in humans. 600 thousand and they form the root basis of the first language of mankind on the planet, from which, after the Babylonian pandemonium in Mesopotamia, all the existing languages ​​of the world and dialects originated. The Alphabet of planetary humanity is based on about 1600 letters. They create the root basis of a single language, the sound palette of the planet.

When a person knows all the letters, their meaning, learns the correct pronunciation of letters and words, then he will have the opportunity to immediately materialize his thoughts.

This knowledge is called “All the World Diploma”. The ill-wishers of humanity know this and therefore, through the efforts of insane politicians, they divide peoples.

The meaning of the word "crazy" means without the ability to think correctly, since the rules for constructing thoughts are not known to him, and he does not know the consequences of his actions either for himself or for his children and grandchildren.

Words that do not have a root base in genes are false and, when sounded, lead the body's cells to internal discord, since genes do not understand their sound and cannot create an image corresponding to them.

The sounds of words, which have vibrations similar to the created images, help to connect the mental image with the Primary Matter of the planet's honeycomb screen, facilitating its materialization. Therefore, letters and words are tools of creation and destruction!

All letters and words composed of them must be considered from the position of Ray, light and energy interactions in the Hologram of the living river of Time.

Almost all existing Alphabets for writing and communication between people on planet Earth are made up of images of letters denoting the movement of energies with certain sound frequencies and having their own colors. Many letters are distorted and do not fulfill their function of forming directed flows of energy for the materialization of things and events. The correct sound of letters and words composed of them make a person God, as they make it possible to materialize an image of thought with the sounding words of one’s speech.

This is the only reason why the meaning of words and their pronunciation are deliberately distorted or forgotten.

From the letters of the ALPHABET, enclosed in spheres, a crystal-cube is formed on Earth, containing, according to the law of similarity, the symbols of the Universal Alphabet.

A person contains the same crystal, but the letters in it do not glow, because a person does not use most of the correct words in his speech, thereby narrowing his creative possibilities.

Now this set of letters is fragmented into various languages ​​and the completeness of sounds for the materialization of mental images created by the human Mind is not in any of the existing alphabets of the peoples of the planet.

The simpler the alphabet of the language used, that is, the fewer alphabetic symbols it contains, the fewer sound phonemes it contains that allow a person to influence his reality in the form of the state of the body and the events taking place. INThe English language has only 22 letters, so it is being diligently introduced by robotizers of humanity for general use, turning a person into a biorobot.

Today, the correct pronunciation of most words has been deliberately distorted or forgotten.

The letters are most fully and correctly represented in the surviving Russian alphabet and Sanskrit, but the Russian alphabet, after the emasculation of 11 vowel sounds from it in 1917 by decree of Vladimir Blank-Ulyanov-Lenin, lost its former strength.

A person who correctly uses a large number of correctly composed words from the letters of the Alphabet of the Whole World of Literacy when forming words in his speech will always be harmonious and healthy. This is the best way to prevent your health. It is only for this reason that prayers in churches are read in the ancient, Slavic - Russian language, not distorted by the simplification of 1917.

Experience shows that in any Orthodox prayer that has retained the correct spelling and construction of phrases, there is a “healing component” that helps, by combining sounds in its pronunciation, to restore harmony in a person, and therefore his health.

Comparing the statistics of diseases of schoolchildren during the times of compulsory reading of prayers before classes at school and before meals with what is happening now, during the rampant violence against the MIND from TV screens and computer games showing violence, one can understand the severity of the crime committed by adults against children. Previously, under the tsarist regime, 96% of healthy children were born, but today, in the midst of democracy, only 2% of healthy children are born.

Such numbers can make even a stupid person think, and only people without intelligence can continue to persist in the satanic reforms of the Russian and other alphabets and languages, since they lack the ability to think correctly. I really don’t want to think that only crazy people rule society.

Then this power is not from the Father and they will lose it if insight does not come! The legitimacy of any power lies in the honor of its bearers!

To preserve the health of the population, it is necessary to instill in them at any age respect for parents, the Motherland and their native language, and whoever does not accept this does not serve the Almighty Father, no matter what verbal and other clothes he dresses up in.

Returning the Russians to their native language will significantly reduce the cost of medical care for the population and reduce crime in society.

A person has records in his genes made by the Almighty Father, it is written there about what he must be. You must not allow the egg to become square or the square to become round. This absurdity is equal in significance to what is done with the divine language.

Initially, apparently, the Bible was written in a common planetary language, but we will not see this text, since then we will have to cross out the false story about Rus' and its illiterate people.

Many texts, even reprinted from primary sources of knowledge for mankind, have intentional and unintentional changes during translation, forming anagrams.

Anagram . A text in which words are rearranged and distort the meaning embedded in the text. There can be a great variety of them.The Bible in today's edition and many textbooks for schools and universities are similar examples.

Words incomprehensible to genes destroy a person, his cosmic Essence from the inside, depriving him of divine qualities. We need to return to the basics of our language and ALPHABET, cross out the false history about Rus' and its people.

The whole power of a person lies in the correct sound design of his thoughts through speech. Human speech is a powerful tool of creation and destruction.

Understanding this, pay attention to what and how you say; if you don’t know the meaning of the words, free your speech from them, since they do not always contribute to your well-being.

If we now begin to speak correctly, from the position of the laws governing the movement of information and energies in the surrounding Space, then follow the commandment: “Read and speak the language in which your genes are written, and for this, study your alphabet!”

Objective of the project:Instilling in students the initial skills to collect information from various sources and use it to complete a project.

Project objectives:

1. Show the need to know the alphabetical order for its use in various fields of activity of modern man.
2. Develop students’ cognitive and creative activity.
3. Involve parents in a joint search.
4. Instill in children a love for their native language.

The topic of this project work is practically significant and accessible. It was selected from the content of the Russian language subject. The duration of the project is two weeks. The children were given the task of finding answers on questions:

1) Why was the alphabet called alphabet?
2) Where and by whom is the alphabet used at school, at home and in other places?
3) Will I be able to do without knowing the alphabet?

To answer the first question, you could use the help pages at the end of the textbook and the materials from one of the exercises. (Russian language “To the secrets of our language” 1st grade. Soloveichik M.S., Kuzmenko N.S.) Any sources and help from parents were welcomed. Leaflets with short answers were decorated with colored letters, drawings, puzzles and crosswords.

To continue the research, the class was divided into three groups.

First group worked at our school. Having visited the library and reading room, the children learned from the librarian about the arrangement of books on the shelves, got acquainted with the card index, looked through encyclopedias and reference books, worked with a children's spelling dictionary, then visited the school secretary.

Second group received the task of visiting my parents’ work and seeing firsthand how alphabetical order is used there.

And the guys from third group worked with literature brought from home according to their interests and hobbies (atlases, reference books, children's encyclopedias, telephone book, etc.).

Based on the results of the research, we compiled reports of 3-5 proposals for presentation at the defense of the project, and took photos for the slides of the future presentation. It was a pleasure to observe, control and direct the research of my charges in the right direction. While working, I composed poems that the children learned for the upcoming defense.

There were guests are invited. Issued cool, done exhibition books. After the students told stories about the work they had done with a visual presentation, everyone happily sang the song “Singing the Russian Alphabet.” (A music video was used from the site viki.rdf.ru).

The children were able to put their knowledge into practice by taking part in a quiz as part of the teams “From A to Z”, “Azbuchnye Truths”, “ABVGDEyka”, “Lyuboznayki”. The tasks were as follows: arrange the names of five classmates in alphabetical order; place five books by children's writers on the bookshelf by author's last name; guess the encrypted words; enter the missing letters from the dictionary into the text; Arrange the proverbs in alphabetical order.

Summing up, the children noted that now they have not only learned the alphabet by heart, but know what it is for and know how to use it. And for me and my parents, it’s nice to know that children strive to discover new things on their own, choose what is important and interesting, expand their horizons, and learn to properly build their relationships with classmates and adults.

Defense of the project “Why do we need an alphabet?”

Teacher: Dear Guys! Dear guests! Today we have the final stage, the defense of the project “Why do we need an alphabet?” Each of you was looking for answers to the questions:
1. Why was the alphabet called alphabet?
2. Where and by whom is the alphabet used at school, at home and in other places?
3. Will I be able to do without knowing the alphabet?

Your written answers are in the folder. The best of them will now be announced, but first we will answer the first question. Why is the alphabet called that? What else is it called? Why?

Children's answers.

Teacher:

Sometimes the letters in a clear order became like great-great-grandfathers.
Everything is in place right there, they call it “Russian alphabet”.
In a different way, “Alphabet” became famous everywhere.

Teacher: Let's listen to what the guys learned as a result of searching for an answer to the second question. Where and by whom is the alphabet used at school?

All student stories are illustrated on slides.

Student: In preparation for defending the project, we visited the school library. There we learned that the books on the shelves are arranged not only by topic, but also in alphabetical order, by author's last name.

Student: Librarian Tatyana Sergeevna showed us a shelf with books for children of primary school age. And this shelf with books about the Great Patriotic War.

Student: There is also a card index in the library. Index cards with book titles and author names are also in alphabetical order.

Student: In a spelling dictionary we can find out the correct spelling of various words. Every spelling dictionary has a list of names. In order not to make mistakes, you need to look into the dictionary more often.

Student: We had a great opportunity to get to know encyclopedias and dictionaries better. We worked with an explanatory dictionary for primary school students. Knowing the alphabet by heart, we easily found the word and learned its meaning. It was interesting!

Student: At our school, the secretary Vera Ivanovna has folders with personal files. There is also a personal matter for each of us. Strict order is maintained. All cases are in alphabetical order.

Teacher: Now let's learn about using the alphabet at home and in other places.

Student: My mother works at the tax office. She said taxpayer files are kept in alphabetical order.

Student: My dad works in the traffic police. He told me that at his job, the lists of registered and stolen cars are compiled in alphabetical order.

Student: I visited the polling station with my grandmother during the elections. Signs with letters in alphabetical order indicated the first letter of the voters' last name.

Student: My mother works in a hospital. She told me that at the clinic’s reception, visitor cards are arranged by area in alphabetical order.

Student: And this is the encyclopedia from which I took information about insects to tell my classmates during the lesson on the surrounding world. There is an index at the end, the concepts are arranged here in alphabetical order and page numbers are written next to them.

Student: I have a telephone directory at home. Together with my mother, we examined it carefully. Telephone numbers of enterprises, various services and institutions are arranged in alphabetical order. Apartment telephone numbers are also in alphabetical order. The least number of surnames in the directory begin with the letter ____. Most of all start with the letter P, and the most common surname is Popov, which appears ____ times in the directory.

Teacher: And that is not all! Let's listen to other guys

Student: I like to draw. I attend a club at our school. I plan to go to art school. E. Kameneva’s book “What Color is a Rainbow” can help me. This is a small illustrated dictionary. It explains the meaning of various concepts in the visual arts.

Student: We need the alphabet to transmit accumulated knowledge. I have in my hands the book “Russian Proverbs and Sayings.” They contain folk wisdom. Proverbs and sayings are arranged in alphabetical order.

Student: Together with my dad and mom, I like to look at the Atlas of the World. It also has a pointer. It helps you find a page with a geographic map and brief information about any country, its capital, rivers, mountains and oceans and seas.

Student: I love reading books by E. Uspensky. They are fun and educational. The character of the fairy tale, the crocodile Gena, was very fond of reading accurate and serious books: reference books, textbooks or train schedules. By the way, the schedule of branded trains is also compiled alphabetically.

Student: My mobile phone has letters on the keys. They are arranged in alphabetical order. To search for the desired number, I can press the key with the first letter of the first or last name. And the new entry appears in alphabetical order.

Teacher: Thanks a lot! Now we know that the alphabet is needed everywhere to restore order. And we learned it by heart. Let's get up and sing it again.

Teacher: Well done, we repeated it, and now let’s use our knowledge. You are divided into 4 teams.

Teams:
1. “From A to Z”
2. “Elemental truths”
3 "ABVGDEyka"
4. “Know-it-alls”

Tasks:

1. Our names

Teacher: Each team received a list of names of five students from our class. Full names, as required in all dictionaries and official documents. Your task: distribute these names in alphabetical order. Write numbers from 1 to 5 at the top. Read what happened.

2. On the bookshelf

Teacher: In a hurry, the books were placed incorrectly on the shelf in the library. Let's get things in order. Let's list books by children's writers by author's last name in alphabetical order.

3. Guess the encrypted words

Teacher: The key to the cipher is knowing the order of the letters in the alphabet. Take a piece of paper and a marker. Listen carefully and fill in the correct letters.

• The word has 4 letters. The first of them is the first consonant in the alphabet, the second is the very first vowel. The third and fourth are consonants, the one in front of the letter comes first O, and then the letter after With.
• If in the previous word we replace the second letter with the vowel that comes before the letter in the alphabet and short , then we get a new word.
• Replace the first consonant in the new word with the one that follows it in the alphabet.
• The next word has 5 letters. The first one comes after in the alphabet To , second before P , third after e . The fourth will be the letter itself To , and the first letter of the alphabet completes the word.
• Replace the first letter of the previous word with the one that comes before it, and the third with the paired unvoiced one.
• In the resulting word, replace the third letter with the consonant preceding the letter With .

4. Putting knowledge into practice

Teacher: Read the text, insert the missing letters.

In our family, everyone has their own interests and favorite activities. Grandfather goes to the forest to pick mushrooms and berries. From fishing he brings back fish and crabs. Grandma speaks well. For the holidays, she bakes p_rogs with apples and k_empty. Mom enjoys embroidering in sequins and patterns. And dad is interested in music. He knows how to play the guitar.

Teacher: Some words have missing letters. To correctly insert the missing letters, use a dictionary: Album, watermelon, cornflower, guitar, cook, road, animal, hare, strawberry, frost, interesting, cabbage, crucian carp, cloud, pie, roach, chamomile, bullfinch, plate, good, number, sho ss e, apple, berry.

5. Competition of proverbs and sayings

Teacher:

It’s not without reason that proverbs are said, it’s impossible to live without them,
They are great helpers and true friends in life.
Sometimes they instruct us, they give wise advice,
Sometimes they teach us something and protect us from harm.

Teacher: Read the proverbs. Arrange them alphabetically.

Teacher: Which one is more suitable for our topic? This is confirmed by the exhibition of books on our shelf.

Let's listen to more poems about the benefits of knowing the alphabet.

"The Alphabet Around Us"

So that I can’t bury myself in the mass of information,
The alphabet is a helper for me, I must confess to you.
So as not to drown in the flow of information in the night,
Remember the alphabetical order, memorize it!
Any concept can be found in the book,
All we have to do is open the index.
And look next to the page number!
Our search was very economical!
Now we won’t get lost in the thickest dictionary!
And you don’t have to flip through pages for three hours!
The words are listed here in alphabetical order.
Read, educate yourself, and increase your knowledge.
I can easily name all the letters in order.
After all, we encounter the alphabet at every step:
School, hospital, kindergarten, pharmacy,
Institute, police, museum, library.
Train timetable,
Region and city codes.
On Internet search pages
The alphabet is used in the answer.
Cool magazine, phone book,
Everything we need will be found instantly.

Teacher: Let's summarize. All teams completed the tasks well. Did you find knowledge of the alphabet useful when completing assignments? Can we do without knowing the alphabet? Why?

Children: Without knowledge of the alphabetical order, it is difficult for us to use a dictionary, it is difficult to find information in encyclopedias and reference books, and we will not be able to study well at school or work when we become adults.

About Me: I love my job, I like to travel and communicate with interesting people, sometimes I write poetry. She took part in the second professional competition “Multimedia lesson in a modern school.” Photo by nata_68

Project presentation

Subject: « How do we use the alphabet?

Type : a lesson in discovering new knowledge within the framework of the activity approach.

Technology: on a situational (game) basis

Target : To develop students’ ability to engage in a new way of acting;repeat the order of letters in the alphabet, the names of letters.

Tasks:

Systematize students' knowledge of the alphabet.

To develop in students the ability to highlight the main, essential things in the material being studied, compare, analyze, generalize, and draw conclusions.

To promote love for the Russian language, culture of communication, attentiveness, accuracy, perseverance, aesthetic feelings, love and respect for the world around us.

Planned results

Subject. The student will have the opportunity to learn:

accept and savelearning task during the lesson;

realizesolving an educational problem under the guidance of a teacher;

name the letters correctly;

write words in alphabetical order;

determine the position of a given letter in the alphabet: closer to the end, to the middle, to the beginning;

explain where knowledge of the alphabet can be useful.

Metasubject.

Regulatory UUD:

organize your workplace under the guidance of a teacher;

exercise control in the form of comparing your work with a given standard;

be able to pronounce the sequence of actions in the lesson;

evaluate yourself and your classmates.

Cognitive UUD:

navigate the textbook;

understand information presented in the form of text, pictures, diagrams;

the ability and ability of students to perform simple logical actions (analysis, comparison).

Communication UUD:

observe the simplest norms of speech etiquette;

planning educational cooperation with a teacher and a peer, ways of interaction;

developing the ability to explain your choice, construct phrases, answer the question posed, and give arguments;

participate in a collective discussion of an educational problem;

Personal.

accept the student’s internal position at the level of a positive attitude towards school;

show respect to your classmates during the discussion on the topic of the lesson;

to form the ability for self-assessment based on the criterion of success in educational activities;

educational and cognitive interest in new educational material;

orientation towards understanding the reasons for success in educational activities: self-analysisand self-control of the result;

Interdisciplinary connections: the world

Lesson Plan

Implementation of the completed project.

Physical exercise.

Independent work with self-test according to the standard.

Reflection. Assessment.

Homework.

During the classes:

1. Motivation for educational activities.

Guys, we have guests today, turn around, say hello, now you can sit down more comfortably.

The long-awaited call was given -

The lesson begins.

Every day - always everywhere,

During the lessons in the game,

We speak boldly and clearly

And we sit quietly.

The teacher will ask if you need to stand up.

When he allows you to sit down, sit down.

If you want to answer, don’t make noise,

Just raise your hand.

Guys, today we have an unusual guest. And you will find out who he is when you complete a difficult task. You have an envelope on the edge of your table containing letter elements. You must collect the letter and glue it to the album sheet.

Now lift up the piece of paper with the letter. Let's read together what words we came up with.(ABC and Alphabet).

You guys will find out who our guest is if you guess the riddle. Slide No. 2

On the ABC book page
33 heroes.
Sages of heroes
Every literate person knows.

Slide No. 3

2. Updating knowledge and recording difficulties in activities.

Guys, what do you think these words mean and where did they come from? Slide No. 4

Who is the creator of the first Slavic alphabet?

Ekaterina Ogarkova will tell us about this.

THE CREATORS OF THE SLAVIC ALPHABET KIRILL AND MEFODIUS

At the end of 862, the prince of Great Moravia (the state of the Western Slavs) Rostislav turned to the Byzantine Emperor Michael with a request to send preachers to Moravia who could spread Christianity in the Slavic language (sermons in those parts were read in Latin, unfamiliar and incomprehensible to the people).

Emperor Michael sent the Greeks to Moravia - the scientist Constantine the Philosopher (he received the name Cyril Constantine when he became a monk in 869, and with this name he went down in history) and his older brother Methodius.
The choice was not random. Brothers Constantine and Methodius were born in Thessaloniki (Thessaloniki in Greek) into the family of a military leader and received a good education. Cyril studied in Constantinople at the court of the Byzantine Emperor Michael III, knew Greek, Slavic, Latin, Hebrew, and Arabic well, taught philosophy, for which he received the nickname Philosopher. Methodius was in military service, then for several years he ruled one of the regions inhabited by the Slavs; subsequently retired to a monastery.
In 860, the brothers had already made a trip to the Khazars for missionary and diplomatic purposes.
To be able to preach Christianity in the Slavic language, it was necessary to translate the Holy Scriptures into the Slavic language; however, there was no alphabet capable of conveying Slavic speech at that moment.
Constantine set about creating the Slavic alphabet. Methodius, who also knew the Slavic language well, helped him in his work, since a lot of Slavs lived in Thessaloniki (the city was considered half-Greek, half-Slavic). In 863, the Slavic alphabet was created (the Slavic alphabet existed in two versions:Glagolitic – fromverb - “speech” andCyrillic ; Scientists still do not have a consensus which of these two options was created by Kirill). With the help of Methodius, a number of liturgical books were translated from Greek into Slavic. The Slavs were given the opportunity to read and write in their own language. The Slavs not only acquired their own Slavic alphabet, but also the first Slavic literary language was born, many words of which still live in Bulgarian, Russian, Ukrainian and other Slavic languages.
The Bulgarian Church established the day of remembrance of Cyril and Methodius - May 11 according to the old style (May 24 according to the new style). The Order of Cyril and Methodius was also established in Bulgaria.

3. Building a project for getting out of a problem (goal, topic)

Look, guys, what the Cyrillic and Glagolitic alphabet looked like and compare with the Russian alphabet. Slides No. 5-9

Conclusion of the lesson topic (lesson problem).

Open the textbook, page 81, let's check if the topic was written correctly.

let's get acquainted with the correct names of letters

Let's learn to arrange words in alphabetical order

learn how to use the alphabet

4. Implementation of the completed project.

Now let's spend a minute writing penmanship. To do this, we will perform exercise 122 on p. 82.

Read it.

What letters are missing here?

Call these boovs.

Write down the missing letters.

Slide number 11.

- Write it off. Explain the meaning of the proverb. Slide No. 12

There are beeches and then there is science.

(Students explain the meaning of the proverb and draw conclusions)

Game “Know the alphabet, guess the word”

The first letter of this word is the last in the alphabet,

the second is behind the letter w,

the third between the letters ъ and ь,

the fourth is before the letter l. (language)

The first letter of this word appears in the alphabet after h,

the second one is before l,

third-fifth vowel,

fourth - after k,

the last one is the first letter of the alphabet. (school)

Write down the words, count how many letters and sounds they contain. How are letters and sounds different? (children's answers)

Blitz survey

Read all the vowels in alphabetical order. (boys answer)

Read all the consonants in alphabetical order. (girls answer)

Let's remember how to arrange words in alphabetical order?

Slide No. 16

5. Primary consolidation with pronunciation of external speech.

- Now choose a taskyour favorite degree of difficulty

1.Continue the alphabet:K... ... Ch.

2. Write down the words, arranging them in alphabetical order:

duty officer, watermelon, butterfly, class, lion, car, mountain, plate, apple.

3. Write the letters in the words in alphabetical order:money ushd, nybti, svyoa, onet, kizho, sher.

6. Physical education minute. Slide No. 19

We studied the alphabet

We wrote, we read.

We'll rest a little

And let's start writing again.

Task “Show the printed letter with your body"

1) N, M, L (work in pairs)

2) P, X, O (individual work)

7. Independent work with self-test according to the standard.

Fill in the missing letters and arrange the words in alphabetical order. Slide number 20

T...trad, p...cash, k...r...ndash, teaches...l, p...portfolio, girl...chka, boy...k, r...bot.

Slide No. 21 Mutual verification.

Guys, is it possible to check these words? What do we call such words? How can you check their spelling?(Children conclude that vocabulary words can be found in a spelling dictionary)

Slide number 22 Working with a dictionary.

- What do you think can help us find the word.

Indeed, all words in the dictionary are arranged in alphabetical order. How can we use the alphabet?

Working with dictionaries, introducing children to dictionaries in the textbook. The teacher shows the dictionaries that are in the school library.

A spelling dictionary will help you pronounce words correctly.

Now I'll check how you know the letters. I'll tell you a few riddles.

Slide number 23

Letter by letter marvels,

It's like looking in a mirror:

“There are certainly similarities

There’s just no language.” (S and E)

Slide number 25

Friends holding hands

And they said: “You and I -

This is us!" Meanwhile

We received the letter... (M)

Slide number 27

Look at the wheel-

And you will see the letter... (O)

Slide number 29

So that “O” doesn’t roll away,

I'll nail it firmly to the post.

Oh look what happened:

The result is a letter... (Yu)

8. Reflection. Assessment.

Slide number 31

Lesson summary

What problem were you solving in class? How do we use the alphabet?

How do we use the alphabet? For working with dictionaries.

Complete the sentences with

I learned in class……………..

I like it……………..

I learned in class...

Assessment.

Self-assessment of students by each other and by the teacher. Self-esteem posters.

For whom is the problem of the lesson completely solved? (emoticon with a smile - YELLOW)

Who had a problem? (emoticon without a smile - RED)

Who needs my help? (sad smiley - BLUE)

9 . Homework. Slide number 32

Complete exercise 125 on p. 83 (write down the words in alphabetical order and check their arrangement in the spelling dictionary on p. 136);