Electrical diagrams for free. Homemade electronic acupuncture devices
V. Kozlov
Electroacopuncture is a modern version of classical acupuncture, in which the so-called active points on the skin of the human body are excited by electrical impulses. Electroacopuncture does not use needles and therefore this method is most suitable for those patients who are afraid of infection during acupuncture, as well as for those who want to do electroacopuncture on their own.
To search for active points, together with the stimulator I used an electronic LED ohmmeter. The ohmmeter measurement limit is G MΩ. As numerous measurements have shown, the skin resistance at active points is approximately 1 MOhm. The electrical circuit diagram of the stimulator is shown in Fig. 1. The stimulator is made on four inverters and a transistor switch VT1. The first two inverters form an asymmetrical multivibrator, the output of which is connected to another pair of inverters connected in parallel as an invertible buffer. With the help of capacitor C2 and diode VD3, pulses are formed with an amplitude almost equal to twice the supply voltage. In practice, the stimulator can be used when the supply voltage is reduced to 5 V, but at the same time reduced accordingly. The amplitude of the output pulses also varies. The ohmmeter is made on two transistors VT2 and VT3, forming a direct current amplifier (DCA) with a high input impedance. Resistors R6 and R7 limit the base current of the transistors, eliminating their saturation mode. Capacitor C4 creates a negative feedback circuit for alternating current. Resistor R8 determines the upper limit of measurement. The device is powered by a Krona battery. The circuit board diagram is shown in Fig. 2
The device is mounted in a small plastic case, which contains a stimulator circuit with an ohmmeter and a probe connected to the case with a four-wire cord from the handset. The probe contains two electrodes: active and passive, as well as a push-button switch for the type of work. The active electrode is made in the form of a pointed rod with a radius of curvature at the end of 0.3-0.4 mm. The passive electrode must be in the form of a rod or plate. Both probes are made of stainless metal and then polished. To use the stimulator, you need to pinch the passive electrode with the fingers of your left hand. With the tip of the active electrode we touch the place where the active point is supposed to be located, which should be slightly moistened beforehand. When this point is found correctly, the LED on the device lights up. Then, by pressing the button located on the probe, we switch the device to stimulation mode. To do this, use a potentiometer to increase the amplitude of the pulses according to your sensations. Typically, the most preferred mode is one in which a slight tingling sensation is felt. This point stimulated for 15 - 20 seconds. It is undesirable to stimulate many points in one session, as well as points located on the head. The probe uses a KM2-1 switch, consisting of two microswitches. The passive electrode is connected to the probe using a miniature connector used in transistor receivers to connect telephones.
Literature:
1.E.Savitsky. "Instead of an arrow there is an LED." "Modelist-Constructor", 1982, 10
2. M. Tsakov. "Electropuncture stimulator", "Radio, television, electronics", 1990, 3
An example of a simple and at the same time multifunctional device is a circuit that was widespread in the late 70s of the last century and meets the above requirements. The device, assembled on a discrete element base using germanium p-n-p transistors, allows you to search for BAP using a reduced ECS (Fig. 1). The search for a point takes place using the UPT circuit (T5-T7), the indication is carried out by LED1 and a dial indicator in the active probe circuit. A generator based on a symmetrical multivibrator produces current pulses of different polarity (including diode D1 in the circuit in different directions using switch S2) and duration (paired R4-R6, C1, C2) in automatic mode, and by adding the circuit by switching common terminals S1.2- S1.4, bipolar pulses can also be obtained. BAP stimulation can also be performed in manual mode (+ or -) by pressing the S3 button. Thus, we can talk about the functional state of the BAP by comparing the magnitude of the current of negative and positive polarity flowing through the BAP. The device uses a sensitive microammeter with an average zero point, which simplifies switching the circuit in different operating modes and facilitates visualization of the disproportion of current of different polarities through the point. The current strength is set by R3. When setting up the device, you should select the sensitivity threshold by changing the value of R11, which is most appropriate from the point of view of searching for points in each specific case.
The device is powered by a 9 V Krona battery, which makes the device absolutely safe.
A somewhat simpler device is one assembled using widely used silicon npn transistors conductivity (Fig. 2). It uses a more common microammeter (without an average zero point), the manual BAP stimulation mode is removed, and from a symmetrical multivibrator, depending on the position of S1 and S2, you can get:
- positive DC pulses;
- negative DC pulses;
- bipolar pulses (+/-) direct current.
The pulse frequency is adjusted intermittently by switching the selected R4-R13 two-bar S3 to five positions (“Frequency”):
1 - 30 in 1 min. 3 - 3 in 1 min. 5 - 0.8 in 1 min. 2 - 8 in 1 min. 4 - 1.2 in 1 min.
The frequency of unipolar pulses (+ or -) is two times less. The current strength is adjustable from 0 to 100 μA using R1 (“Patient Current”) (combined with the device switch S4).
Operating modes:
- “Search” - the search for BAP is carried out using a reduced ECS;
- “Bipolar stimulation” (+/-);
- “Stimulation is monopolar” (either + or -).
Indication of operation - in the “Search” mode, LED3 lights up and the microammeter needle deflects. During stimulation, the microammeter needle deflects when a positive or negative impulse arrives (selected depending on the position of switch S1 “Positive impulse”, “Negative impulse”). To illustrate the operation of the device in stimulation mode, instead of R3, R14 in the circuit, you can install chains of an LED and a resistor.
This simple electrical stimulator allows you to search for biologically active points on the human body (shiatsu or zhenjiu therapy) and automatically stimulate them with a weak current of a special form, which will have the same effect as the well-known acupuncture procedure. This method can be successfully used for the prevention and treatment of many diseases at home after consultation with a doctor and all his recommendations!The work of the stimulator is based on the effect that in the place where the active point is located close to the surface of the skin, the resistance of the human body decreases sharply. This can be easily checked even with a regular tester turned on to measure maximum resistance (usually 2 MOhm), if you hold one of its probes in your hand and touch different parts of the body with the other. The resistance of different sections will vary quite noticeably. Thus, the operation of the device is based on the effect of changing the resistance of different parts of the body.
In many different sources, including on the Internet, you can find maps of the location of biologically active points on the human body, but the exact position of each point for different people may vary slightly, and can be determined accurately using the simple instrument proposed here.
Several drawings of maps of acupuncture points on the body
Schematic diagram of the stimulator
The circuit is a simple pulse generator, the frequency of which is determined by an RC circuit. Here R is the resistance at this specific point of the human body. Since the resistance at different points is different, the generation frequency will also be noticeably different. The lower the resistance of the skin area, the higher the frequency. Therefore, the procedure for finding a biologically active point (BAP) consists of searching for a pinpoint area of the skin where the frequency of LED flashing and the sound of the piezo emitter will be the highest. In this case, one of the electrodes is a metal plate on the body of the device (or the body of the device itself, if it is metal), providing reliable contact with the hand, and the second is a metal pin, by moving which across the skin BAPs are searched for. Power can be from any batteries or accumulators with a voltage from 4.5 to 12 V.
Operation of the biostimulator circuit
A simple pulse generator is assembled on a microcircuit. This may be a digital MS type K561LA7 (shown in the diagram). It contains 4 NAND elements in one package. You can use others, for example, K561LA9, where there are 2 AND-NOT elements, but with three inputs:
The power of generated pulses with such a microcircuit will increase. Or others, similar to MS series 561, 174, 164, 155. But in this case, one should take into account the possibility of a different pinout and supply voltage range of the microcircuit. MS with OR-NOT elements are also suitable:
The diode bridge generates pulses of a certain polarity. Its diodes can be any low-power ones, for example KD520, 521, 522, etc. The LED indicator is also any, its brightness can be adjusted trimmer resistor VR1 (its resistance cannot be reduced to zero, otherwise the LED may burn out!) Therefore, it is still better to select a constant resistor of the required value. The piezo emitter can be installed or not. It does not affect the normal operation of the device in any way and is only needed for sound indication of the device’s operation, if necessary. It can be of types ZP-1, ZP-2, ZP-4, ZP-5...
The board drawing is here. The homemade stimulator does not require any adjustment. Connect the power and, if all elements are working, it immediately starts working. In the initial state, when the resistance between the electrodes is high, the generator does not generate anything. The LED may light constantly or not light at all. When the probes touch, generation begins. The LED begins to blink more often, the lower the resistance between the probes and, therefore, the closer the biologically active point. When it hits the BAP point directly, the LED blinks at maximum frequency. When using a sound emitter in a circuit, the sound also reaches its maximum frequency. When you hold the probe on the BAP, it is stimulated with a pulsed current.
In the specialized literature and other sources there are recommendations on which impulses of what polarity are best to influence BAP. As a rule, it is recommended to act with negative impulses. In this case, the second, positive electrode should be held in your hand, or applied to another place (you should get recommendations from your doctor about this). You can add a switch to the device for convenience and use it to change the polarity of the impact pulses. How to do this is shown in the figure below:
The electrical stimulator can be assembled in any suitable plastic or metal housing. If the body is metal, then one of the electrodes should be connected to the body. If the body is made of dielectric, then a metal plate or foil should be glued to it, connected to one of the electrodes.
Video about electronic acupuncture stimulator
Below are photos of a possible design of the device, assembled in a small-sized electrical switching box.
DEVICES FOR ELECTROPUNCTURE REFLEXOTHERAPY
The properties of the skin as a regulator of various physiological functions of the body have been known for a very long time. Various cauterizations, massages, baths, cupping have been successfully used to treat various diseases since ancient times. At the same time, it was noticed that the body’s reactions, depending on the place of exposure, may be different due to the characteristics of nervous system person. Such reactions form the basis of reflexology, which uses pressure on certain points on the surface of the skin to regulate the functions of various organs, which helps relieve pain, improve cardiac activity, relieve convulsions, etc. In Chinese medicine, influence on these points was carried out using gold or silver needles or cauterization with special cigars made from wormwood grass. Currently, magnetic fields, laser radiation and electric currents are most often used. In the latter case, the effect is usually called electropuncture. According to Chinese doctors, in cases where there is a disruption in the functioning of one of the internal organs, some points on the skin become sensitive and even painful until recovery occurs. These points are quite small - no more than 2 mm in diameter, and only an experienced doctor can find them and, using an atlas of the location of active points on human skin, make a diagnosis. Most often, such points have abnormal resistance DC in relation to neighboring areas. Already in XX century, scientists have proven that a therapeutic effect on the body can be achieved not only through certain points, but also by influencing certain, fairly large zones with a diameter of several centimeters. Using traditional disease diagnosis, you can not look for points, but influence certain areas, knowing the “binding” of diseased organs to these places. Since skin resistance strongly depends on the state of the stratum corneum covering the epidermis, the current applied to a biologically active point or zone is very unstable and depends on many external and internal factors. If the point does not have an abnormally low resistance, then the impact can be carried out only after breaking through the upper stratum corneum of the skin. To do this, it is enough to press a negative electrode with a tangent surface of about 1 mm2 to the point or zone (the positive electrode in the form of a fairly large metal object is clamped in the hand closest to the point or zone) with a voltage of about 18 V. After about 3-5 seconds, a breakdown of the stratum corneum will occur and the current increases sharply to the pain threshold. The current through the point must be in the range of 10 ... 100 μA and be quite stable, despite the polarization effect, which is expressed in a gradual increase in the resistance of the point when direct current flows. Electropuncture enthusiasts most often use devices assembled according to the diagram shown in the first figure. The scheme is very simple and easy to repeat, but it has disadvantages that are very felt by patients. When using the device, first the resistance of the variable resistor is set to “zero” so that the potential difference at the point of contact of the probe does not decrease due to the resistance of the skin. The current is controlled by a miniature dial indicator from an old tape recorder. After about 5 seconds, a breakdown of the stratum corneum occurs and the current sharply increases to 250 μA, which causes quite a noticeable painful effect; a pinpoint burn may even appear at the site of contact with the electrode. As soon as this event occurs, a painless current of about 50 μA is set with a variable resistor and the procedure is continued for several minutes. Since skin resistance is constantly changing, it is necessary to periodically adjust this current.
The author of the site developed several electropuncture devices, in which the current was automatically limited to a predetermined value and remained stable throughout the entire procedure. In addition, for a more effective impact on individual active points, some devices had a mode of exposure to alternating or pulsating currents of various frequencies and duty cycles. Unfortunately, over the years, the author's archive has been largely lost, but descriptions of several devices have been preserved and are presented below. The presented circuit is a modernization of the above with the aim of stabilizing the current through the probe, which can significantly reduce fluctuations in the current affecting biologically active points due to polarization effects. The circuit uses a controlled zener diode TL431 A, which allows you to stabilize the output current by simple means. To quickly set the output current, it is recommended to calibrate the variable resistor and plot the current values directly under the adjustment knob. If the condition of exposure to the BAP requires exposure to positive current, then the circuit can be supplemented with a two-pole switch connected to the output of the device. Both circuits require a supply voltage of at least 18 V, otherwise breakdown of the point may not occur. In the following circuit, the device is powered from four AA finger-type cells or one 6F22 (Krona battery). To increase the voltage, the MC34063A (MC33063A) chip is used. As coil L1, you can use any suitable coil wound on a ferrite rod core with cheeks, which are often used in pulse converters. When independently manufactured using a suitable core F
3 mm, M2000NM, about 100 turns of PEV-2 wire 0.1 ... 0.15 are wound. Instead of the VD1 diode used in the circuit, you can use any high-speed diodes with a voltage of at least 100 V. In order to save battery capacity, there are no LEDs in the circuit, so the current consumption of the device does not exceed 5 mA
For long-term electropuncture effects, it is recommended to periodically change the polarity of the output current. To determine points of influence, use the BAP atlas, which can be found on the Internet. The use of such devices should be carried out by a trained doctor who knows the location of the meridians of internal organs on the human body and is able to make the correct diagnosis of the patient in order to stimulate only certain active points.
read carefully instructions use of the Akupen device.
Acupuncture device Akupen designed for simple and convenient home use. It is designed to find acupuncture points by measuring the electrical conductivity of acupuncture points. For best result and use for a long time, please read carefully user manual.
What is acupuncture:
This method is known in the world as one of the most ancient methods of TCM "Zhen-Jiu". It is based on the doctrine of the “Five Primary Elements”, the doctrine of the circulation of Qi and Wu Xing energy. Empirical knowledge was applied more than 5,000 years ago and remains relevant today.
Traditional Chinese Medicine focuses on the energy balance of the human body and the harmonious circulation of Qi or Chi energy in a healthy body. Disharmony leads to the formation of energy blockades in the meridians and disruption of the energy balance in the body, and if the flow of energy is not restored, we end up with health problems. There are over 360 precisely defined acupuncture points (APPs) located along the highways (meridians) in a person. Classic acupuncture points are associated with a specific organ and by acting on the points you can influence these organs. These acupuncture points are located on the surface of the skin and thus provide access to the energy system in the human body as a whole. Stimulation of acupuncture points is usually done traditionally with needles, but these have the disadvantage that sensitive individuals may find them painful.
"Acupen" - a dual-purpose device for personal home use which provides search for acupoints BAP (auto-search) and simultaneously stimulation with low-frequency electrical impulses. 1-2 Hz.
Use the accompanying diagrams to determine the approximate location of the point. An acupoint finder measures the electrical resistance of the skin to pinpoint the location of the point. When an acupuncture point is detected, the device emits a subtle acoustic signal.
Acupuncture device Akupen It operates with a low frequency pulse, making it particularly simple, pure, painless and gentle, and especially suitable for sensitive individuals. Duration as well as intensity are individually adjustable. The exposure time is selected individually - 15 or 30 seconds by timer or “infinite” mode. Depending on the thickness of the skin, the user can increase or decrease the intensity of the treatment. By acting on acupuncture points, blocked channels are restored.
You can use an acupuncture machine searching for acupuncture points on yourself or on another person. But if you want to apply it to another person, you must maintain constant contact with him. Place your hand on his shoulder - this is necessary to transmit low-frequency current through your own body to another person. The use of an acupuncture point finding device is more effective if you use it constantly and daily. You should not be near a telephone or TV on in the same room and make sure the room temperature is comfortable for you.
Procedure:
- Insert two 3V CR2032 batteries into the battery compartment (d) on the bottom of the device. Make sure the polarity is correct!
- Use the sliding switch (e) to turn on the device: the red light next to the button (a) begins to flash and a tone sounds.
- Adjust intensity level (c). Start from the lowest level. Later you can increase the intensity of stimulation.
- Use the timer (f) to select 15 or 30 second mode. Switch the timer switch (f) to "30s/15s" or to the "infinity" position.
- Hold the acupuncture point finder like a writing pen, making sure you always have contact with area (b), and move the tip across the skin. Use gentle pressure. The skin should be clean (not oily), dry and undamaged. The frequency of the beep tone increases as you move the pen tip close to the acupuncture point (please refer to the included manual for the approximate location of the BAP). When did you determine point location, the signal tone reaches the highest frequency. Press button (a). The red indicator goes out and the tone stops, and the mode you selected is activated - 15 or 30 seconds.
- Attention: when the stimulation is completed, the tone begins to sound again and the red lamp lights up. Locate another acupuncture point and repeat the procedure
- When finished, use the ON/OFF switch.
Cleaning the Akupen acupuncture point finding device:
- Turn off your device.
- Wipe the surface of the device with a damp cloth.
- Warning: Do not immerse the acupuncture point finder in water or use it in wet places; Keep out of reach of children!
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