Scenario of the event for the Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan. Unity Day of the Peoples of Dagestan: history, interesting facts and features of the celebration Economic cooperation between nations
A holiday called the Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan was established during the third official congress of the peoples of this country, which took place at the end of 2010. The holiday was officially established at a high level in the summer of 2011.
The purpose of the holiday is the unification and consolidation of all peoples living in Dagestan.
On September 15, 2011, the first events for the Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan took place.
Features of the Dagestan Republic
The Republic of Dagestan is one of the most difficult regions of Russia in ethnic terms. About 100 different nationalities and nationalities live in peace and harmony in a relatively small territory. Of this number, a third of the peoples are indigenous people.
In no other place on earth, besides Dagestan, are such a number of nationalities gathered in a small area.
Friendship of the peoples of the republic
Centuries-old history preserves a large amount of evidence confirming the great friendship and unity of the peoples living on the territory of this republic.
Long-suffering peoples more than once fell under the yoke of invaders from foreign lands, who tried to set the ruling classes of Dagestan against each other.
The feeling of a single whole arose especially clearly among ordinary mountaineers precisely when the fate of their lands, mountains, relatives and friends was being decided.
Economic cooperation between nations
Economic ties have been maintained between peoples for many centuries. Each people living on the territory of the Republic of Dagestan exchanged products obtained by their labor. The population living in the mountainous areas supplied their friendly neighbors with livestock and meat, while the inhabitants of the flat areas grew and gave in return the fruits obtained by sweat and backbreaking labor on arable lands.
The struggle of the peoples of Dagestan against the invaders
Good neighborly relations between numerous peoples helped the Dagestanis during the struggle for their independence and freedom.
Numerous historical facts confirm that the mountaineers more than once fought back against foreigners, of whom there were many during the existence of the republic. These include professional warriors from Rome, countless troops of Parthians, Arabs, and Seljuks. During the Tatar-Mongol yoke, the Dagestan highlanders more than once gave a worthy rebuff to the warriors of the steppe.
The numerous and friendly people of the mountains defended themselves from attacks also from the Turks, Safavids, and many other armies.
The struggle of the Dagestanis with Nadir Shah
The peoples of Dagestan showed particular unity during the defense of their lands from the commander Nadir Shah, who received the nickname “Thunderstorm of the Universe.” Faced with the impending threat, the previously warring peoples united into one whole, forgetting about past feuds and discord.
According to historical data, the conqueror of Nadir Shah Muhammad Kazim, during the attack on Tabasaran, encountered not only local residents, but also several nationalities who came to their aid. Their number included Avars, Lezgins, Dargins, Laks. Such fierce resistance resulted in large-scale people's war. The bloody massacre ended with the defeat of the “Thunderstorm of the Universe”.
Participation of Dagestanis during the Second World War
During the Patriotic War of 1941 to 1945, all the peoples of the Soviet Union rallied in a single impulse to repel the fascists and liberate the Russian land from enslavement.
The mountaineers from the Republic of Dagestan fought steadfastly against the Nazis, participating in the defense of Smolensk and the famous Brest Fortress, and fought heavy battles in the wilds of the Karelian Forest, on the territory of Ukraine and Belarus. Also, many Dagestanis died in battles defending the capital of their homeland.
Thousands of fighters from the mountains took an active part in the liberation of the Baltic states, Donbass, the Crimean Peninsula, and Poland.
Many nationalities from the territory of Dagestan died in large-scale battles on the Kursk Bulge, near Stalingrad, during the crossing of the Dnieper.
For heroism, courage, bravery and valor, 58 Dagestanis received the title of Hero of the USSR. Seven people received the Order of Glory. Thousands of fighters received awards for participating in battles.
One of the first to be awarded the high title of Hero of the USSR was Dagestani Magomed Gadzhiev, a submarine commander.
Among the many heroes of the war, Sultan Ametkhan distinguished himself. The pilot shot down 49 fascist planes; during the Second World War he managed to participate in battles with the enemy 135 times.
During the defense of the Caucasian land, pilot Valentin Emirov, who later became a Hero of the USSR, also distinguished himself. Aliyev Shamsulla, who fearlessly defeated the Germans while crossing the Kerch Strait, received the same high rank. Naval aviation pilot Yusup Akaev received the title of Hero of the USSR for 70 sunk enemy boats during the Second World War.
The struggle of the peoples of Dagestan against terrorists
At the end of the twentieth century, militants led by Basayev and Khattab entered the territory of Dagestan. The treacherous invasion was the beginning of bloodshed on the long-suffering Caucasian land. The multinational people once again rallied against the bandits into a single whole, once again demonstrating unity and cohesion.
Celebrating Unity Day
On the Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan, September 15, 2011, mass celebrations took place and entertainment events were organized. To entertain the audience, fighter jets took to the sky and staged a spectacular air show, then took off into the sky Balloons, and at the end of the holiday there was a colorful fireworks display.
Scenario of the festive event
To organize a holiday, you can use the following scenario for the Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan:
To announce the beginning of the holiday, the presenter comes out to solemn music and says the words:
After I had traveled to many countries, I returned to my home, exhausted.
Bending over me, Dagestan asked: “Isn’t it the distant land that you fell in love with?”
In response, I climbed the mountain, and from that height I answered Dagestan: I have seen many lands, but you, as before, are my most beloved in the whole world!”
A girl appears on stage in the national Dagestan costume, and asks the presenter:
“You have traveled the whole world! Have you met our fellow countryman somewhere? Do people in other lands know about our people?”
“How can strangers know about us if we have not yet fully recognized ourselves? We have more than 1 million inhabitants, our peoples speak forty different languages. For many centuries we have lived together side by side, and when we are in danger, our highlanders sharpen their swords and sabers to protect themselves from invaders.”
“They asked you in a foreign land: “Where is your Dagestan?” What did you answer to this?
“My Dagestan is not only mountains and hills. These are, first of all, friendly peoples, the number of which has not yet been calculated by scientists around the world. My homeland cannot raise just one child; it has hundreds of children. We live together as one family, so today we celebrate this holiday, the day of unity of the peoples of the Republic of Dagestan.
Congratulations on the Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan are played to the accompaniment of festive music.”
Holiday Poems
During the celebration, thematic poems for the Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan must be sung:
"Dagestan, Dagestan!
Who and what are you?
Who are we talking about?
Everything about him.
And to whom? Dagestan!"
Dagestan! Everything that people gave me
I want to share it with you!
I have my orders and medals,
I'll put it on the top for you.
I will dedicate sonorous songs to you,
And I will turn words into poetry.
Just give me a burka of forests
And the top of the snowy mountain.
The Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan is one of the youngest holidays celebrated in this republic. But he already has his own traditions.
When will the Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan take place in 2019?
When is the holiday celebrated? Every year, the date of celebration of the Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan falls on September 15.
How is the Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan going?
On the Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan, street celebrations, amateur art concerts, exhibitions in museums, competitions in national sports, various events in schools and others are held. educational institutions: lessons on the history of the republic, photo exhibitions, etc.
History and traditions of the Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan
The history and traditions of the holiday are as follows. The Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan was established in December 2010 at the III Congress of the Peoples of Dagestan. According to the Decree of the President of the Republic of Dagestan dated July 6, 2011,
The Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan is celebrated on September 15, the day when in the 18th century the Dagestan army put the hordes of Nadir Shah to flight.
As evidenced by various historical sources, during foreign invasions, the peoples of Dagestan rallied more closely, defending their independence.
The peoples of Dagestan showed such solidarity during the struggle against the troops led by the Iranian commander Nadir Shah, who moved to the Caucasus in the middle of the 18th century.
How is the celebration of the Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan going?
On the day of this holiday, folk epic works telling about that war are remembered. Then volunteers from all over the Avaria united to fight the enemy, among whom were Gidatlins, Karakhs, Chamalyals, Bagulals, Koisubulins, Laks, Lezgins, Dargins, Kumyks, Tabasarans, Kubachis, and Jhar militias.
Representatives of the nationalities of the region, united in a powerful army, went on the offensive and began to liberate their land. As a result, the enemy was defeated and put to flight.
This victory became convincing evidence of the strength and power of the peoples of Dagestan and strengthened its geopolitical significance as an important strategic bridge between the West and the East.
The Republic of Dagestan was formed in 1921. It borders with Azerbaijan, Georgia, the Chechen Republic, the Stavropol Territory and the Republic of Kalmykia.
Representatives of many nationalities live here. Among them are representatives of at least 20 nations, numbering more than a thousand people. Less numerous nationalities– about 150. Representatives of more than 60 nationalities live in Makhachkala alone.
Dagestanis have always been able to respect the traditions and culture of other peoples. The holiday Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan is intended to remind us of this, which helps to strengthen peace, mutual understanding and friendship between all people living in the republic.
“For the purpose of unity and consolidation of the multinational people of the Republic of Dagestan, I decide to establish a republican holiday - the Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan and celebrate it annually on September 15,” the text of the document says.
On the eve of the holiday, we invite you to go and test your knowledge about Dagestan.", "Russian Female");" type="button" value="🔊 Listen to the news"/>!}
On September 15, Dagestan will celebrate the Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan for the seventh year in a row. The idea of its creation was voiced in December 2010 during the III Congress of the Peoples of Dagestan. The holiday became official after the President of the Republic, Magomedsalam Magomedov, signed a decree on July 6, 2011.
“For the purpose of unity and consolidation of the multinational people of the Republic of Dagestan, I decide to establish a republican holiday - the Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan and celebrate it annually on September 15,” the text of the document says.
The prehistory of the holiday goes back to the distant past - to 1741. Dagestan has always been an example of the peaceful coexistence of many nationalities. However, events that occurred in the 18th century showed how peoples with different traditions speaking different languages, united, are able to repel a powerful army - the troops of the Iranian commander Nadir Shah.
At the head of an army of 100 thousand, Nadir Shah moved to the Caucasus. He intended to march in two huge columns through Derbent, Kaitag and the Tarkov Shamkhalate to the capital of the Mehtulin Khanate, Dzhengutai, on the one hand, and through Shah-Dag, Mogu-dare, Kazi-Kumukh and Khunzakh, on the other, in order to eventually conquer all of Dagestan. A few years earlier, in 1733, the commander inflicted a crushing defeat on Turkish troops near Baghdad. There was no question that the powerful army would be repulsed in Dagestan.
At first, Nadir Shah’s aggressive plans were carried out exactly as he had planned. The huge army won one victory after another, inflicting massacres on the population along the way. As a result, having taken Kazi-Kumukh along the way, the Shah’s troops reached the borders of Andalal. The invasion of the city began on September 12, 1741.
Meanwhile, the Dagestanis, who did not want to be enslaved by the foreign Shah, began to unite in the Andalal Valley - in the area of the proposed battle, in a place called “Khitsib”. As the story goes folk epic Dagestan, volunteers from all over the Avaria gathered to fight the enemy. The Gidatlins, Karakhs, Chamalals, Bagulals, and Koisubulins en masse joined the fighting squads preparing for a heavy battle. From the rear of the enemy, Laks, Lezgins, Dargins, Kumyks, Tabasarans, Kubachis, and Jar militias made their way into Andalal.
The Andalal victory strengthened the geopolitical significance of Dagestan as an important strategic bridge between the West and the East, becoming convincing evidence of the strength and power of the Dagestan peoples. But the memory of the heroes was forgotten for several centuries. It was decided to restore the memory of past battles at the III Congress of the Peoples of Dagestan.
Therefore, on September 15, the day when the Dagestani army put Nadir Shah’s hordes to flight, ceremonial events, folk festivals, concerts of folklore groups, sports competitions in national sports, fairs and other events and events take place throughout the republic. Educational and scientific institutions organize for this day open lessons, historical exhibitions, photo and book exhibitions.
On the eve of the holiday, we invite you to go and test your knowledge about Dagestan.
MUNICIPAL STATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION
"SECONDARY EDUCATIONAL SCHOOL No. 2"
CLASS HOUR
on the topic of:
“WE ARE STRONG WITH FRIENDSHIP”
Audience: 9 "B" class
Abduragimova Sudzhana Gabibovna
Yuzhno-Sukhokumsk 2017
Event on the theme “We are strong through friendship alone!” (to mark the 17th anniversary of the unity of the peoples of Dagestan)
Target:
to form a sense of citizenship and patriotism;
to form responsibility for the fate of the small Motherland, the Republic of Dagestan;
broaden the horizons of students;
develop the ability to draw conclusions and generalize;
promote the development of the ability to participate in dialogue and defend one’s point of view;
to cultivate an interest in studying the history of their country, a sense of pride and respect for the defenders of the state.
Equipment: PC, multimedia presentation, projector, speakers, exhibition of books about Dagestan.
Epigraph:
You can fit a heart in the palm of your hand,
But you can’t fit the whole world in your heart.
Other countries are very good
But Dagestan is dearer to the soul.
Presenter No. 1
The Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan is a fairly new holiday. It was first celebrated in the Republic on September 15, 2011, and today it is an official day off. The events to which this holiday is dedicated took place in 1741. Dagestan is a republic with ancient history and a rich original culture. The history of the mountain peoples was not written with a pen - it was written with daggers, sickles, horse hooves, gravestones. In the mid-18th century, the great Iranian commander Nadir Shah, at the head of a well-armed army of 100,000, moved to the Caucasus. He intended to march in two huge columns through Derbent, Kaitag and the Tarkov Shamkhalate to the capital of the Mehtulin Khanate, Dzhengutai, on the one hand, and through Shah-Dag, Mogu-dare, Kazi-Kumukh and Khunzakh, on the other, in order to eventually conquer all of Dagestan. At first, Nadir Shah’s aggressive plans were carried out exactly as he had planned. The huge army won one victory after another, inflicting massacres on the population along the way. As a result, having taken Kazi-Kumukh along the way, the Shah’s troops reached the borders of Andalal. The invasion of the city began on September 12, 1741.
This is stated in the poem by Rasul Gamzatov
Presenter No. 2.
History contains a lot of evidence of the unity of the peoples of Dagestan, which was not prevented by internal disagreements and foreign conquerors who tried to set one Dagestan people against another. Economic ties were also strong - the population of the mountainous regions supplied livestock goods, the lowland regions of Dagestan served as a kind of breadbasket.
The Dagestan mountaineers often rallied during periods of foreign invasions. In the face of mortal danger, previously warring societies put aside their differences and stood together against the enemy. According to the historiographer Nadir Shah Muhammad Kazim, during the battle in Tabasaran, Avars, Dargins, Lezgins, and Laks came to the aid of local residents. The resistance of the Dagestani peoples resulted in a real people's war, which ended with the defeat of the hordes of Nadir Shah.
Student:
When Timur* with countless troops
I decided to approach the Caucasus Mountains.
Hoping with almost bare hands
We are to be conquered, broken and destroyed.
To avoid unnecessary fighting
And intimidate the Caucasian tribes.
He sent us a warning:
A bag of dry, clean millet.
The lame god of the East wanted to say,
Holding half the world in a royal hand.
That he has so many people in his army.
Like grains in a donated bag.
The messenger galloped back to the ruler.
Timur looked, and his gaze went out:
Where was the millet, O Allah the great.
Now a big-haired, fiery rooster.
And the leader realized that it was very simple
His riddle was solved:
The rooster pecked all the millet grain by grain.
Crow! There is not a grain in the khurjin**!
Who says that the rocks are steep
Stopped the wild troops?
There is a true rumor that Timur was taught a lesson
That Avar rooster out of the bag.
Presenter No. 1:
Meanwhile, the Dagestanis, who did not want to be enslaved by the foreign Shah, began to unite in the Andalal Valley - in the area of the proposed battle, in a place called “Khitsib”. As the folk epic of Dagestan tells, volunteers from all over the Avaria gathered to fight the enemy. The Gidatli, Karakh, Chamalyal, Bagully, and Koisubul people en masse joined the fighting squads preparing for a heavy battle. From the rear of the enemy, Laks, Lezgins, Dargins, Kumyks, Tabasarans, Kubachis, and Jar militias made their way into Andalal.
Presenter No. 2
The decisive battle on Andalal territory lasted five days. Experienced military leaders of the mountain peoples, seasoned in battle, took advantage of the weakening of the defensive strength of the Shah's troops and led their soldiers on an offensive against the enemy. The heroism of the defenders of their native land has become a mass phenomenon. Thus began the expulsion of the Shah from Dagestan soil. The Andalal victory strengthened the geopolitical significance of Dagestan as an important strategic bridge between the West and the East, becoming convincing evidence of the strength and power of the Dagestan peoples. But the memory of the heroes was forgotten for several centuries.Student :
The year 2011 became a turning point in the history of Dagestan. In December 2010, at the III Congress of the Peoples of Dagestan, it was decided to introduce a new holiday in the republic - the Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan. By decree of the President of the Republic of Dagestan dated July 6, 2011, it was decided to celebrate it on September 15 - the day when the Dagestan army put the hordes of Nadir Shah to flight. The Republic of Dagestan itself was formed in 1921. It is the southernmost subject Russian Federation and borders with Azerbaijan, Georgia, the Chechen Republic, the Stavropol Territory and the Republic of Kalmykia. Representatives of more than 60 nationalities live in the capital of Dagestan - Makhachkala.
Song "My Dagestan" »
Student
Tsakhurs, Laks, Kumyks, Avars,
Kaspiysk, Makhachkala, Derbent, Kizlyar.
Interweaving of cities and nations,
Beautiful Dagestan became famous.
Lezgin, Rutulets, Tabasaran, Agulets,
Dargin brother, standing shoulder to shoulder.
And their strength is like mountain peaks,
In which proud eagles soar.
Many peoples in one spirit,
In the Lezgin dance there are mountain eagles.
Presenter No. 1
Our task is to further unite the peoples of Dagestan, cleanse themselves of all negative things and, developing the good traditions of fraternal peoples, confidently move forward and provide a decent life for subsequent generations.
Pupil
On September 15, the Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan will be celebrated.
The unity of the peoples of Dagestan has its own family basis, going back toOn September 15, 2011, we celebrated for the first time a new public holiday - the Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan, which,undoubtedly became a symbol of the cohesion and unity of the Dagestan people.
The idea of its creation was first voiced at the III Congress of the Peoples of Dagestan,
held in December last year. And in July 2011, the President
Dagestan Magomedsalam Magomedov signed a Decree, according to which every year
Dagestan celebrates the holiday "Unity Day"
Presenter No. 2
As you know, the history of Dagestan is rich in its culture, customs and traditions. Representatives of the Dagestan peoples have made and continue to make a significant contribution to the development of our country and the history of Russia. Many people from Dagestan - figures in science and art, education and sports, military personnel and entrepreneurs, doctors and government officials - have earned good fame far beyond the borders of the republic. Today, many continents and continents know about Dagestan. They know it from the works of our writers, composers, from the products of Kubachi, Untsukul, Balkhar masters, Tabasaran carpet weavers, from the songs and dances of our peoples. But this is not the only thing our mountain region is famous for. Many Dagestan poets sang in their works the friendship and brotherhood of their peoples. Despite our multilingualism, we, Dagestanis, are always united in our thoughts and actions, deeds and intentions. The basis of this mutual understanding is patience, respect, the good will of each people and strength, fortitude, the power of unity, the power of cohesion.
Pupil
Dagestan is essentially a unique region. We feel like Russians, part of a single, multinational and inexhaustible Russian culture, and at the same time - Dagestanis, representatives of one or another nationality, region and village. The great R. Gamzatov said this well: “No matter where fate takes me, I always feel like a representative of that land, those mountains, that village where I learned to saddle a horse. But everywhere I consider myself a special correspondent for my Dagestan. And I return to my Dagestan as a journalist of universal human culture, as a representative of our country.”
Presenter No. 3
Dagestanis have always been able to respect the traditions and culture of other peoples. We remember well the enormous support that the Russian people gave us, helping to develop their culture, science and education, and industry in Dagestan. Dagestan honors their names and erects monuments in their honor. Friendship of peoples in those good times was not an empty phrase, but was translated into concrete deeds.Undoubtedly, our unity is indestructible, and we must convey it to our grandchildren and great-grandchildren, so that they, in turn, pass on the covenant to their descendants in the name of the prosperity of our republic and the happiness of all the peoples inhabiting it.
Pupil :
As the head of the republic said, Dagestan is our common home, and we can only preserve it through joint efforts. It is the fundamental principle of the unity of the Dagestan peoples, the subordination of private interests to national goals and strategic objectives that is the key to the successful development of Dagestan. The unity of the peoples of Dagestan within the Russian Federation is our national idea, which must be passed on from generation to generation.
Film "Day of the Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan"
Student:
This holiday consolidates the main cultural and historical tradition of our society - the unbreakable unity and friendship of the peoples of Dagestan, and symbolizes the inviolability of the fundamental principle of coexistence of the Dagestan peoples. And therefore, it is natural that the Congress of the Peoples of Dagestan unanimously spoke in favor of the consolidation of Dagestan society around the values of peace, unity and development.
Presenter No. 2
Dagestan was and will remain after us, but what we will leave it with is a matter of time. Love for one’s native land and the people who inhabit it does not exist on its own, outside and separately from everyday creative work. Everyone knows that different trees cannot grow from the same root and a cut branch is doomed to wither. Let's hope that the tree of unity will strengthen and bear fruit. And the upcoming national holiday - Day of Unity of Nations - will help strengthen peace, mutual understanding and friendship of all Dagestan peoples.
Pupil
Do I need you, my epic Dagestan,
Don't pray
Shouldn't I love you?
Should I be like a crane in your village?
Be a breakaway bird?
Dagestan, everything that people gave me,
I will share with you in honor,
I have my orders and medals
I'll pin you to your tops.
I will dedicate ringing hymns to you
And the words turned into verse
Just give me a burka of forests
And a hat of snowy peaks!
Student:
When I, having traveled to many countries,
Tired, he returned home from the road,
Bending over me, Dagestan asked:
“Isn’t it a distant land that you fell in love with?”
I climbed the mountain and from that height,
Taking a deep breath, Dagestan answered:
"I have seen many lands, but you
Still my favorite in the world.
Pupil :
I may rarely swear my love to you,
It's not new to love, but it's not new to swear,
I love silently because I'm afraid:
A word repeated a hundred times will fade.
And if you are every son of these places,
Shouting like a herald, he will swear in love,
Then your stone rocks will get tired
And listen and echo in the distance.
When you drowned in tears and blood,
Your sons, who spoke little,
They went to their death and swore filial love
The cruel song of the dagger sounded.
Presenter No. 1:
And after, when the fighting died down,
To you, my Dagestan, in true love
Your silent children swore
With a clattering pickaxe and a ringing scythe.
For centuries you taught everyone and me
Work and live not noisily, but boldly,
You taught that a word is more valuable than a horse,
But the mountaineers do not saddle their horses idle.
And yet, having returned to you from strangers,
Distant capitals, both talkative and deceitful,
It's hard for me to remain silent when I hear your voice
Singing streams and proud mountains."
Student
I am the guard dog of Dagestan,
He just whistles
involved in his fate,
I will tremble again, as if from a knife wound,
And I will fly to this all-powerful call.
Pupil :
Its peaks, glory, writings
Was it not I who gave the guarantee to guard?
And henceforth with love the woman is alone
He will put his hand on my head.
And having overcome in honor of his own merits
I swim the thunderous streams,
I keep watch at the entrance to the circle of stars,
Where prophets talk at night.
Teacher :
The Dagestanis also united in August 1999, when armed gangs led by Basayev and Khattab entered the territory of the republic. But the invasion was the beginning of a bloody war. This is evidenced by numerous terrorist attacks directed against employees of government agencies and law enforcement agencies of the republic, religious figures and civilians. We can only fight terrorism together. And the new holiday was intended to once again remind the Dagestanis of the glorious historical past, to breathe into them a fresh stream of patriotism and a sense of pride for their people, for their language, for their culture. As long as the people of Dagestan are united, they are not afraid of any trials, and their unity is the main historical achievement and the main wealth.
Final part. Sofia Rotaru's song "My Motherland".
Municipal state educational institution
"Mekhelta basic general education
school" named after. S.K. Magomedova
Gumbetovsky district of the Republic of Dagestan
Abdurakhmanov Ramazan Magomedalievich,
MKOU "Mekheltinskaya secondary school", teacher of history and social studies
With. Mehelta 2017
Unity Day of the Peoples of Dagestan
The Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan is a fairly new holiday. For the first time it was celebrated 2011.
The events to which this holiday is dedicated took place in 1741. In the mid-18th century, the great Iranian commander Nadir Shah, at the head of a well-armed army of 100,000, moved to the Caucasus. He intended to march in two huge columns through Derbent, Kaitag and the Tarkov Shamkhalate to the capital of the Mehtulin Khanate, Dzhengutai, on the one hand, and through Shah-Dag, Mogu-dare, Kazi-Kumukh and Khunzakh, on the other, in order to eventually conquer all of Dagestan.
At first, Nadir Shah’s aggressive plans were carried out exactly as he had planned. The huge army won one victory after another, inflicting massacres on the population along the way. As a result, having taken Kazi-Kumukh along the way, the Shah’s troops reached the borders of Andalal. The invasion of the city has begun 1741.
Meanwhile, the Dagestanis, who did not want to be enslaved by the foreign Shah, began to unite in the Andalal Valley - in the area of the proposed battle, in a place called “Khitsib”. As the folk epic of Dagestan tells, volunteers from all over the Avaria gathered to fight the enemy. The Gidatli, Karakh, Chamalyal, Bagully, and Koisubul people en masse joined the fighting squads preparing for a heavy battle. From the rear of the enemy, Laks, Lezgins, Dargins, Kumyks, Tabasarans, Kubachis, and Jar militias made their way into Andalal.
The decisive battle on Andalal territory lasted five days. Experienced military leaders of the mountain peoples, seasoned in battle, took advantage of the weakening of the defensive strength of the Shah's troops and led their soldiers on an offensive against the enemy. The heroism of the defenders of their native land has become a mass phenomenon. Thus began the expulsion of the Shah from Dagestan soil.
The Andalal victory strengthened the geopolitical significance of Dagestan as an important strategic bridge between the West and the East, becoming convincing evidence of the strength and power of the Dagestan peoples. But the memory of the heroes was forgotten for several centuries.
The year 2011 became a turning point in the history of Dagestan. In December 2010, at the III Congress of the Peoples of Dagestan, it was decided to introduce a new holiday in the republic - the Day of Unity of the Peoples of Dagestan. By decree of the President of the Republic of Dagestan dated In 2011, it was decided to celebrate it on September 15 - the day when the Dagestan army routed the hordes of Nadir Shah.
The Republic of Dagestan itself was formed 1921. It is the southernmost subject of the Russian Federation and borders on Azerbaijan, Georgia, the Chechen Republic, the Stavropol Territory and the Republic of Kalmykia. Representatives of more than 60 nationalities live in the capital of Dagestan - Makhachkala.
On the holiday itself, traditionally, various festive events, folk festivals, concerts of folklore groups, sporting competitions in national sports, fairs and other events and activities take place throughout the republic. Educational and scientific institutions organize open lessons, historical exhibitions, photo and book exhibitions on this day.
Reader 1: Dagestan
–
– I'm here.
I'm here on these gray rocks
I twirl my mustache as I should.
I'm here!
– Hey, Dagestan, answer me, where are you?
– I'm here!
I'm in the field like a sheaf of wheat
I’m lying down and the sun is shining above me.
I'm here!
– Hey, Dagestan, where are you going?
– I walk into the distance with an open soul.
Even though I am small, I want to find something big,
And that's the point!
(R. Gamzatov).
Each person has his own cherished corner on earth, for Dagestanis this is, first of all, Dagestan, the love for which remains forever. We absorb this love with mother’s milk and father’s love, with the advice of a wise elder and the beauty of the mountains that surround us.
Reader 2: Highlanders
Poems were composed
poets
About the heights of the mountains,
but none
Did not know,
how much higher are the mountaineers
Yours below the clouds
peaks
I'm peering
into the distance of centuries,
I think,
that - children of the mountains -
We arose
in white light
Much earlier than these mountains.
Looking for a long time
from under his brows
On the ancient highlanders,
alien to evil,
In their image and likeness
Nature created the mountains.
She judged and ordered,
Until I finally decided -
And blocks of mountains
piled up
Taking the mountain spirit
per sample.
Isn't that why
bird's tops
They reach into heaven
space,
What is the strength of the mountaineers,
their greatness
Embodied in the idea of mountains.
Isn't that why
like mountain people, mountains
We stood proudly
hundred centuries,
Before the enemy
and before grief
Without lowering
gray heads.
By the faces of the mountains
only on a fine day
Tears of melt water flow down.
Cries with happiness
Highlander too
And in the hour of sadness
no tears are shed.
There, in these heights
pristine,
In the snow
hitherto untouched
Fits
purity of mountain weeds -
Orlitz
subcloud
lands
And where are we?
haven't been
And the mountains remained here,
They were waiting for us
waited, waited,
Like mountain women they wait for warriors.
Be proud, mountains,
height
And beauty
without embellishment.
How are you, Caucasus,
proud of you
And to those
what do you look like
on us.
(Tanzilya Zumakulova).
Presenter: The citizens of our country are united by patriotism. A patriot is one who loves his Fatherland, is devoted to his people, his Motherland. Dagestanis fought courageously during the Great Patriotic War, defending the Motherland, earning 58 high state awards, honorary titles of Heroes of the Soviet Union and Russia!
Leading: And when gangs invaded Dagestan in 1999, the Dagestan people put up decisive resistance to the enemy, proving that nothing is more valuable than their native land.
Reader 2:
Whenever I forget where I come from,
If only I would betray my Fatherland,
Then the earth would become a black coffin for me,
And the sky is a black lid above it.
If I betrayed my trusted friends,
Trembling for personal peace,
Me, like that blade in decay
sheath,
Rust would corrode repentance.
Whenever I, chasing easy fame,
I forgot my blood relationship with the people,
Would cover me like a mortal shroud,
His father's curse.
(Yu. Happalaev).
Presenter: For centuries in Dagestan, traditions were passed down from generation to generation, constantly supplemented with new details, acquiring new sound and meaning, and at the same time remained sacred.
Leading: Friendship, kunak, for us, Dagestanis, is a sacred word, and we know the purpose and price of true friendship well.
A guest for a mountaineer is like a star at its zenith,
Only to the mountains, remember
Don't take weapons with you,
They will greet you with bread and wine.
Presenter: The holy ties of friendship and kunakship have bound us since ancient times. It’s not for nothing that they say in Dagestan: “Friend, my home is your home, our holiday is your holiday too.”
From childhood in Dagestan they teach you to keep your word,
This is the dignity of the Dagestanis and their honor.
The word was sharp as a dagger,
Like the mighty Caspian, deep,
Like gray-haired Shalbuzdag, tall,
Clean as a sheet of heaven.
A friend's grief could humble him,
Blocked the enemy's path.
It was gentle, stern, strict...
How they loved him brightly.
(A. Kardash).
Leading: In Dagestan, respect for elders, veneration of elders, help to fellow countrymen, love and compassion for one’s neighbor are sacred.
Reader 1: In the mountains we have such a law,
There is a custom sacredly revered by everyone:
The wiser he seems to me
The faster time flies.
Will the elders turn to the younger ones?
Will the younger ones approach the older ones?
The sun begins to warm differently,
The stars shed their light differently.
They bow deeply to the eldest:
“Hello, father's brother!
And be happy."
A woman - a mother's sister
They will call it, making way for her.
You will meet a horseman of the same age,
Says on the road:
"Greetings, brother!"
To the girl sung in mountain songs:
“Good afternoon, sister!” - They say.
If the elder met the younger somewhere
In the field, on the top of the mountain,
He will say:
“Hello, brother’s son!” - in response he
Or he says:
“Hello, sister’s daughter!”
The world is huge, with many faces,
Take it with love, without difficulty
My Dagestan mountains customs,
If you want to always be healthy!
(G.-B. Bagandov).
Reader 2: My ancestors did not bequeath such books to me,
In which I would read the laws of the mountains.
But only they are talked about,
I see you,
Neighbors and neighbors.
I see the heat from the hearth -
From hand to hand.
I see how the flour goes -
From hand to hand.
And the wedding vessel with hops -
From hand to hand.
And how the dead are carried
Neighbors hands.
Reader 1: The soul of the mountaineers is a sword,
When the enemies come
Their soul is a carpet,
When friends come.
These are the laws of our mountains,
Long ago known among the people.
They are not in books
And in nature itself.
The laws of the mountains are not included in the volumes, -
And every time
The blood dictates itself.
(F. Aliyeva).
Leading : Since ancient times, this has been the custom in our country that the highest body of the independent jamaat was the general meeting of villagers. The entirety belonged to him legislative branch, rights of judicial and administrative bodies of rural society. The Jamaat acted as one entity who has rights to his land.
Presenter: People who enjoyed authority and had personal merit were entrusted with leading the jamaat. Any dispute here was resolved jointly, among respected people.
Leading : The strength of the jamaat rested on the internal unity of its people. The main concern is maintaining peace and order. One of the commandments of the adat law of the jamaat says: “Only he is valuable who maintains order. He who accepts order will have increased wealth.”
Presenter : Jamaats gathered in the middle of the village square or near the mosque. It was believed that this is where people grow up, get smarter, become real people, this is where they learn the Code of Mountain Laws that existed in the old days.
Reader 2: May our hearth never go out, -
The elder brother told us, saying goodbye to us.
Our hearth is intact. Light in its rays
But the pain of loss
It gets worse over the years.
Gone forever, clutching a machine gun,
And death tramples down death in name of life,
And here he stands - a bronze soldier,
On the pedestal he again serves the Fatherland.
…The books on his table are open,
In the room where I didn’t have time to read them,
And his life and death are everything on earth
It speaks to us about valor and honor.
And how can it turn to dust?
That,
Who Fatherland
Protected from ashes?
May our hearth never go out
And our children will not know fear.
(B. Salimov).
Reader 1: There is no fiction or flattery in this,
That the people of the mountain side
From time immemorial there was a sense of honor
And endowed with wisdom.
The mountains gave them this,
Their faith was stronger than steel,
And in vain they didn’t throw it to the wind
They are thoughtless words.
And until the end it's a good deed
Bring skillfully without noise
They are used to it from time immemorial.
They worked without sparing effort,
Against all odds.
They cut stones and erected
Your own home on the back of the mountains.
And they didn’t pray for help,
And they didn’t rely on “suddenly”,
And resilient legs
And the skill of muscular arms.
Didn't understand our mountains deeply
The one who decided
That living in the mountains is easy.
From small pebble in the ravine
Until the snowy hat at the top -
The mountain always demands from a mountaineer
Hardening, and ingenuity, and kindness.
(F. Aliyeva). Leading: Our history, the history of Dagestan, has gone through everything: there have been catastrophic destructive invasions and the violent dismemberment of the Land of Mountains, the death of huge masses of people from the sword of foreigners, epidemics, famine and many years of internal strife, political fragmentation.
Leading: It happened that our mountaineer ancestors were divided by belonging to different religions. There were internecine clashes between different mountain principalities and jamaats, sometimes in alliance with external forces. But our history does not know a single case of struggle or action of one mountain people against another.
Presenter: The use of discord by a historical enemy is not a new phenomenon. It was sometimes possible to pit the mountaineers against their neighbors by exploiting religious differences. There are known examples of the use of feudal and tribal fragmentation, local characteristics and disagreements, but there have been no cases of discord along ethnic lines.
Leading: This phenomenon is remarkable. It distinguishes Dagestan from the general series of events of antiquity and the Middle Ages in the Caucasus. This feature of our region is not accidental. This is the thousand-year history of its development.
Presenter: History and ethnography testify to the constant cooperation of our ancestors, their continuous multilateral exchange, the accumulation and polishing of a whole set of techniques of mediation, arbitration, and methods for resolving large and small conflicts.
Leading: That is why neither civil strife, nor bloodshed, nor other “historical horrors” could divide Dagestan - a unique historical and cultural unity that existed for thousands of years, without any centralized state power.
Presenter: Ours rests on the traditions of unity.” small homeland" Such a close union of different nationalities and language groups is the pride of Dagestan:
Reader 2: Whether you are Russian, Kumyk or Lezgin,
But together we, friends, are one people.
And, like the Fatherland, the sons of mothers,
We are forever faithful to the common cause.
(A.V. Suleymanov).
With faith in the Almighty, with an oath to the Motherland
We stand under the banner of Freedom!
We will not bow our heads to anyone!
We will not leave our land!
No to the occupiers! No to strangers!
The will of the people is to punish them!
My heart is filled with pain and anger!
Our Dagestan - and not a step back!
(K. Israpilova).
Reader 1: What is a tree when there is only one?!
His
Flocks of birds pass by,
The gardener does not cherish
The fruits do not bend him.
But it's harder
Why be lonely -
There is nothing.
Presenter: But when the trees are together
And when
They are not called trees, but gardens,
Then the birds here lead the roulades,
And the gardener leads the streams here.
Leading: And man is alone - on his own -
A straw that is carried by the wind.
But not subject to any wind
The straws that are collected in the sheaf
Reader 2: Yes, it’s bad to be alone on earth.
He is a pebble, weightless to the wind.
But a pebble is powerful when pressed,
Like other pebbles, in the rock!
Goryanka: There are thousands of rivers in my country,
Countless thousands of mountains,
And a hundred languages and dialects
Those who agree lead the conversation.
Dzhigit: And the sounds of accordion, chongur -
The beautiful sound of agreement,
Here is my brother - a descendant of the “giaur”,
Here is a brother - a “true believer” grandson.
Leading: I may rarely swear my love to you,
It's not new to love, but it's not new to swear,
I love silently because I'm afraid:
A word repeated a hundred times will fade.
Dzhigit: Inheritance for will and strength
I have fathers mountains are given,
I am proud, I am the heir of Russia
And the entire vast country!
Reader 1: May friendship forever cement our union,
We live according to the dignity of honor.
No one will destroy those sacred bonds,
When we are in commonwealth, together!
Do I need you, my epic Dagestan,
Don't pray
Shouldn't I love you?
Should I be like a crane in your village?
Be a breakaway bird?
Dagestan, everything that people gave me,
I will share with you in honor,
I have my orders and medals
I'll pin you to your tops.
I will dedicate ringing hymns to you
And the words turned into verse
Just give me a burka of forests
And a hat of snowy peaks!
(R. Gamzatov)