Features of the teaching method to compose a story based on a series of plot pictures. Development of coherent speech through learning to compose stories based on a picture and a series of plot pictures. A story based on a plot picture for preschoolers.
Goals:
Teach children to compose a story based on a series of subject pictures;
Shape correct usage in the speech of reflexive verbs;
correctional and developmental:
To develop in children the ability to logically and correctly structure their story;
Develop the ability to see the main thing in a picture;
Enrich children's vocabulary with adjectives and verbs of opposite meanings;
correctional and educational:
Develop self-respect and respect for other people.
Equipment: series of paintings “Human Development”: from the age of a baby to the age of a grandfather and
Lesson notes on the development of coherent speech
Grandmothers (selected by speech therapist). Pre denotative A I work: Reading works of art E. Blaginina “Alyonushka” and A. Barto “Dirty Girl”, fables by L.N. Tolstoy “The Old Grandfather and Granddaughters”; games: “What does a person need for what?”, “Select an object (part of the body) for action.”
Progress of the lesson
/. Organizing time. Game "Say the other way around"
Young - old. Strong - weak. Big small. Fat slim. Younger - older. The adult is small. Smart - stupid. Cheerful - sad. Kind angry. High Low. Swear - make peace. Famous - unknown.
2. Introductory part. Game "Lay out the pictures."
The speech therapist asks to arrange the pictures in the correct sequence: from the age of the baby to the age of the grandfather and grandmother.
3. Announcement of the topic.
Today we will learn to compose a story about a person using pictures.
4. Conversation on a series of paintings. Speech therapist questions
What can you call a child who was recently born? What is he like?
Why should mom and dad take care of the baby?
What do you call children who go to kindergarten?
What is interesting for you in kindergarten?
Where will you go after kindergarten?
What do girls and boys do at school?
What are they called?
What does a boy and girl need to join adult life?
What is the main occupation of men and women?
Why do they need to start a family?
What will they be like in old age?
How do the pictures differ from each other? (The fact that the same people are depicted here, only of different ages.)
5. Game “Name it from the pictures.”
Baby, preschooler, preschooler, schoolboy, schoolgirl, youth, girl, man, woman, grandfather, grandmother.
6. Physical education minute.
As the poem progresses, children perform appropriate movements.
Hey guys, why are you sleeping?! Get ready to exercise! On the right is a friend and on the left is a friend! Together everyone is in a fun circle!
Lesson notes on the development of coherent speech
To cheerful tunes
Let's turn right, left.
Hands up! Hands down!
Up! And bow again! (I. Lopukhina)
7. Sample story.
The speech therapist says that he liked the way the guys answered the questions. This is how the story turned out.
Sample story based on answers
children The baby was born. He is small, defenseless, helpless. He needs to be looked after and fed. When he grows up, mom and dad will take him to kindergarten, where he will play with his friends and begin to take care of himself a little. The girl and boy will grow up, become schoolchildren and start learning lessons. After school, the boy and girl will continue their studies, acquire a profession and go to work. Having matured, the man and woman will start a family and children. Then they will grow old and become grandparents.
8. Children's stories.
9. Summary of the lesson.
How should you treat a person while he is small?
What about grandparents?
How would you like to be treated by the guys in your group?
10.Homework.
Draw a picture together with your parents: “What will I be like when I grow up.”
Lesson notes on the development of coherent speech 99
Lesson 30. Compiling the story “Puppy” based on a series of plot paintings Goals:
correctional and educational:
Teach children how to plan a story by highlighting main idea in every picture;
Teach how to write a story according to plan;
correctional and developmental:
Develop a vocabulary of adjectives;
Develop children's mental activity and memory;
correctional and educational:
Cultivate a sense of compassion. Equipment: series of plot paintings “Puppy”
(Fig. 25-27), toys - puppy and adult dog.
Preliminary work A: games on the topic "Home
animals", drawing of a puppy and an adult dog.
Progress of the lesson
/. Organizing time.
Arrange the pictures in the correct sequence.
2. Announcement of the topic.
Speech therapist: Today we will compose a story using pictures, but before that I want you to compare these two toy dogs.
3. Conversation based on pictures.
Together with a speech therapist, children compare a puppy and an adult dog, highlighting the same and the differences.
100 _____________ Lesson notes on the development of coherent speech
bodily signs: pets, big dog - small puppy, strong dog-weak puppy etc. (This task is necessary so that the children understand that a certain period of time has passed between the events depicted in the first and third pictures: the puppy has turned into an adult dog). Conversation based on a series of pictures
Where was the boy going?
Come up with a name for the boy.
Who did he meet on his way?
What decision did the boy make?
Why did the boy decide to take the puppy?
What did Vasya name his puppy?
How did the boy take care of the puppy?
How did the puppy turn out?
What can you tell about the time of year in the first, second and third pictures?
What happened one summer?
4. Drawing up a story plan.
The speech therapist asks the children to make one sentence for each picture. In this way, children gradually create a story plan.
1. The boy finds a puppy.
2. Caring for the puppy.
3. Rex comes to the rescue.
Several children repeat the plan. After this, the speech therapist suggests giving a name to the future story.
Lesson notes on the development of coherent speech 101
5. Physical fitness training.
6. Children's stories.
The speech therapist says that first you need to come up with a title for the story, and then stick to the plan.
Puppy (sample story compiled by children)
One day Vasya went out for a walk. Suddenly he heard someone whining. It turned out that this was a small defenseless puppy. Vasya really liked the puppy and decided to take him home. At home he looked after him and built a kennel for the puppy.
Soon the puppy grew up and became big and strong. Vasya decided to take Rex for a boat ride. He asked his brother for a boat. But the brother forgot that there was a small gap in the boat. When Vasya and Rex swam to the middle of the river, the boat began to fill with water. Vasya couldn't swim. He began to drown. The dog swam up to its owner and helped him get ashore.
7.Result of the lesson.
The speech therapist summarizes and evaluates the children's stories.
102 Lesson notes on the development of coherent speech
8. Homework.
Draw a pet or something that children would like to take care of.
It is important to pay timely attention to the development of a child’s speech, in particular, to teach him to talk about something, that is, to compose a coherent story. It’s better to start with something familiar, for example, with fairy tales that parents have read to the child more than once and, perhaps, the preschooler even knows them by heart. We bring to your attention cards with illustrations of popular children's fairy tales, which you can use to play with your child. These are a kind of mnemonic tables - a series of pictures that record the images of fairy tale plots in order.
At 3 years old, your child can print these cards or simply show them on the screen. No need to cut. Tell a fairy tale, be sure to show with your finger all the events in the drawings. Then invite the child to tell this tale himself using pictures - a mnemonic table.
When this is mastered, we cut the mnemonic table into cards. Let the child independently remember which events of the fairy tale happened at the beginning, which ones later, and restore the sequence of events.
By age senior group In kindergarten we will complicate the game even more. We lay out all the cut cards in front of the child. Now he will have to first determine which fairy tale the picture belongs to, and then its place in order.
Cards for download
Illustrations for the fairy tales “Kolobok”, “Turnip”, “Goby, Tar Barrel”, “Teremok”, “Fox with a Rolling Pin”, “Ryaba Hen”.
Parents often wonder: how to teach a child to read and when should you start doing this? Experts recommend not to delay this issue. Of course, there is no point in showing your baby cards with letters, but he can and should read them.
To download the story sheet right-click on it. In the window that opens, select “Save image as.” Save to your PC desktop and print.
How to read stories with pictures correctly
An adult and a child take part in the reading. The adult reads the lettered part of the story and pauses when an image appears in the text. The child names what he sees in the picture.
Having reached the end of the text, the adult asks the question: “What was the story about?”, “What were the names of ... (the characters).” Answering these questions, small man does a lot of brain work. He uses his memory to try to remember the text. Carefulness and logic, looking at the pictures, recreates the order of actions in the story. In the future, this knowledge will be consolidated in the subconscious, and it will be easier for the child to write summaries at school. He will learn to isolate certain points and, based on them, reproduce the entire text in memory.
Texts with pictures instead of some words are different:
- black and white;
- colorful;
- with stickers.
Their use largely depends on the age and level of development of the baby. For example, to make the baby more interesting, you can offer him to color black and white pictures. This will allow the little man to better remember the fairy tale and then tell it in his own words.
By the way, you should not use such manuals in electronic form. Young children get tired quickly when working with static pictures on a computer monitor or tablet screen. This means that such exercises will be ineffective.
So, if it is not possible to purchase fairy tales and stories with pictures instead of certain words, then it is better to download and print them. During the lessons, these leaves can be collected into a book, and then together with the child, make a cover for which he will come up with and draw some kind of picture.
Benefits of classes
As the baby grows up, he should gradually be involved in the reading process. To do this, you can use aids such as fairy tales and stories with pictures instead of individual words. Such exercises will bring a lot of benefits to a child who does not yet know how to read:
- perception - the child learns to recognize what is shown in the picture;
- attention - concentrate on the subject and name it in time;
- speech - looking at the image, the baby can independently tell a story;
- memory - retelling a story from memory.
By the way, a similar technique is used by psychologists in kindergartens to test children’s knowledge and speech development.
Fairy tales with pictures instead of some words are also useful for children who are already learning to read. For example, if the baby already knows the letters, but it’s hard for him to combine them into words, then the picture will help him get a little distracted. As a result, he will not perceive reading as something tedious, and therefore will remain interested in learning. A similar effect will also help parents of those children who immediately dislike reading.
In addition, stories with pictures instead of individual words perfectly develop imagination and promote speech development. And this, in fact, is the main reason why children really need to read.
Books in which some words are replaced with drawings are also actively used in their practice by speech therapists. As a rule, the child does not try to pronounce words with sounds that are difficult for him to pronounce. But in the process of reading a funny fairy tale together, the baby becomes liberated, which greatly facilitates the specialist’s work in terms of producing a particular sound. A speech therapist hears how a child pronounces words with sounds that are difficult to pronounce in a normal, relaxed environment and makes a conclusion about whether there is an improvement after classes or not.
If you don’t know how to teach your child to write a story based on a picture, this article is for you! First, let us clarify that from a picture you can compose two types of stories: description and narration. Let's look at them separately.
How to write a story - a description from a picture?
From to school age, children compose a story - a description about a wide variety of objects and phenomena. These could be descriptions of a cat, autumn, or even a chair. When helping your child write a story of this kind, remember the following points:
- You need to start your story by identifying the topic. One sentence like “I’ll tell you about a Siamese cat” will be quite enough.
- A direct description includes mention of 4-5 main characteristics of an object (phenomenon). For example, when describing a cat, tell us what it looks like (color, fur). Where does it live, what does it eat, what benefits does it bring to a person? You can tell us about the cat's habits. When describing inanimate objects, it is necessary to talk about why this object is needed? How can it be used? What material is it made of? What parts does it consist of?
- The story should end with a summary, one or two sentences.
- When denoting the theme of the story, it is necessary to mention the author and the title of the picture.
- While looking at the landscape, ask your child questions: what time of year is shown in the picture? What's in the foreground? In the back? What mood does the painting convey? When looking at a portrait, first name the person depicted in it, describe his gender and age. Consider what the person is wearing? What is he shown against? Ask the child what he thinks the person depicted in the picture is like? Strict, dreamy, strong, weak? Why did he decide this?
- To summarize, it is necessary to say general impression and the mood of the picture.
How to write a story correctly - a story based on a picture?
Narration is a story about events and actions that happened. The easiest way to create a story is to use story pictures. The events that happen to the characters are depicted in 3-5 pictures. The child’s task is to carefully examine them and tell about what happened in order. Each new picture is a new proposal. Together we get the text.
More complex look works - a story based on one plot picture. When composing this type of story, you should clearly remember - one sentence is not a story! Imagine you show your child a picture of a grandmother feeding birds. But if a child says just one sentence, “grandmother feeds the birds,” the story won’t work, right? The child needs to look at the whole picture. Highlight the main and minor points. Compose the nth number of sentences yourself and arrange them in a logical order.
Do not leave your child alone with this difficult task; it is useful to think about the content of the work together. “Why does grandma feed the birds? What is your grandmother's mood - happy, sad, lonely? Consider how the birds behave - maybe some are fighting, but others are afraid to approach?
Inna Voronina
Development of coherent speech through learning to compose stories based on a picture and a series of plot pictures
PRESENTATION
Development of coherent speech
through training
writing stories
By picture and
series of narrative paintings
Educator: Voronina Inna Vladimirovna
2. “If you work with children from whom it is difficult to get words ... - start showing Pictures,
and they will speak freely, naturally..."
K. D. Ushinsky
3. One of the necessary conditions development of a child’s literate, coherent speech, which develops from the moment of birth throughout the preschool period, and then school age, is clarity.
The great Russian teacher K. D. Ushinsky substantiated the value theme pictures that the image excites the child’s thought and causes the expression of this thought in "independent word".
The main goal pursued story pictures for compiling short story , – desire for development of children's speech and thinking. Looking at picture, the guys try to describe what is depicted on it, trying to drawing up a single, logically coherent story.
In work on speech development a very important step is teaching a child to write stories. It's best to start with writing stories based on a series of pictures. You can play the game “What comes first, what comes next”, building a logical chain of pictures, and then begin to describe them. I offer several options for the task « Make up a story based on the pictures» You can start with simple sentences, which describe what is happening on picture. Maybe baby will only tell"Who?" And "What is he doing?". Our task is to pay attention to the signs of objects, thus making story more detailed and interesting.
4. The task of teachers and parents is to
to help children
learn to express your own thoughts coherent and sufficiently complete,
understand the speech of the interlocutor,
i.e., conduct a meaningful dialogue
5. B teaching children storytelling
By it is customary to highlight the picture
several stages:
At a young age, a preparatory stage is carried out, which is aimed at enriching the vocabulary, activating children’s speech, and teaching them look at the picture and answer questions.
In middle preschool age, children are taught write stories based on questions first, and then independently. Questions should be formulated so that by answering them, the child learns to build expanded coherent statements. Excessively detailed questions teach children to give one-word answers. Vaguely posed questions also slow down development children's speech skills.
Senior preschool age characterized by increased speech and mental activity of children, so a child can independently or with a little help from an adult make up not only descriptive stories, but also narrative stories come up with a beginning and an end the plot of the picture.
6. At the core storytelling from a picture lies in children's perception of the life around them.
Painting not only expands and deepens children's ideas about social and natural phenomena, but also affects the emotions of children, arouses interest in storytelling encourages even the silent and shy to speak
7. TYPES STORIES
BY PICTURE
1. Description of subject paintings are coherent sequential description of those depicted on picture objects or animals, their qualities, properties, actions
2. Description plot picture- this is a description of the one shown in picture of the situation, not going beyond the content paintings.
3. Story by serial plot series of paintings: child tells about the content of each plot picture from the series, linking them into one story.
8. SELECTION REQUIREMENTS KARTIN(You can read on the slide)
9. Structure composing a story(on slide).
10. Picture"The red cat drinks milk"
Who drinks milk? Who is drawn? What is the cat doing?
What color is the cat? What cat?
What does the ginger cat drink?
Where does the milk in the plate come from?
11. Conversation series of pictures- There should be no more than three. Under consideration and each one is described picture from the series, then the children’s statements are combined into one plot.
Where was the boy going? - Come up with a name for the boy. -Who did he meet on his way? - What decision did the boy make? - Why did the boy decide to take the puppy? - What did Vasya name his puppy? - How did the boy take care of the puppy? - How did the puppy turn out? - What can you say about the time of year on the first, second and third pictures?
12. It must be remembered that speech is not inherited. The child adopts the experience of verbal communication from others, i.e. mastery of speech is directly dependent on the surrounding speech environment. Therefore, it is so important that adults create this speech environment for constant communication with the child.
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION.
Publications on the topic:
The problem of developing coherent speech is due to the fact that in human activity there is no area where speech is not used; it is needed everywhere.
Synopsis of a frontal lesson on the development of coherent speech “Composing a story based on a series of plot paintings “Tangle” Correctional and educational goals. Activation and updating of the dictionary on the topic “Pets”. Formation of a holistic impression of.
Summary of GCD in the preparatory speech therapy group “Composing a story based on a series of plot paintings” Summary of educational activities for the development of coherent speech in children in preparatory speech therapy group. Topic: “Compiling a story based on a series of plot paintings.”
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