Where to watch the coming solar eclipses. What is a solar eclipse? When there is a solar eclipse
The period from 2018 to 2033 is chosen because it is quite interesting in relation to solar eclipses visible from the territory of Russia and the CIS countries. During these years, 14 solar eclipses will be observed from the territory of our country, which include two total eclipses, two annular eclipses and 10 partial eclipses. Especially interesting will be the annular solar eclipse on June 1, 2030, the strip of the annular phase of which will pass through the whole country from west to east from Crimea to Primorye!
It is worth noting that, for example, in the period from 2034 to 2060 (twice as long), only two total and three annular solar eclipses will be observed in our country! The difference is obvious, so we can say that Russians and residents of the CIS are lucky with solar eclipses in the next fifteen years.
How do solar eclipses come about? Solar eclipses are caused by our celestial neighbor Moon. The apparent diameters of the Sun and the Moon, observed from the Earth, are approximately the same. This means that the Moon, moving in its orbit, at some point can completely (total eclipse) or partially (partial eclipse) cover the Sun with itself (during the new moon phase).
A total solar eclipse is the most spectacular and spectacular astronomical phenomenon! If night falls in the middle of the day and the stars are visible in the sky, this is quite impressive! Unfortunately, the visibility of such a phenomenon extends only to a small area where the lunar shadow falls. But during the movement of the lunar shadow, it forms a narrow strip on the surface of the Earth (with an average width of about 200 kilometers). The length of such a strip is several thousand kilometers, but this is still not enough for a total eclipse of the Sun to be seen by all inhabitants of the Earth's hemisphere facing the daylight. Total solar eclipses can occur every six months, but due to the peculiarities of the Moon's movement in its orbit, they occur most often only once a year.
More information about the possibility of solar eclipses can be found, for example, from the book "Total solar eclipse on March 29, 2006 and its observation" (link at the end of the article).
Observing total solar eclipses from the same settlement is possible on average only once every 300 years. This makes it necessary to travel into the visibility band of the eclipse. A total solar eclipse is accompanied by a partial solar eclipse, which is visible on both sides of the total eclipse strip, where the lunar penumbra falls. The further from the central line of the eclipse, the less the disk of the Sun will be covered by the Moon. But the width of the strip of a partial eclipse of the Sun is much larger than that of the strip of a total eclipse, therefore, it is possible to observe partial eclipses from the same observation point much more often. Due to the large territory of our country, we can observe solar eclipses more often than residents of countries with a small territory.
There are only partial eclipses, when the shadow of the Moon passes above or below the polar regions of the Earth, and only the lunar penumbra falls on our planet, showing the appearance of the flawed Sun. An annular eclipse is distinguished by the fact that the Moon completely sets on the disk of the Sun, but cannot completely close it due to its smaller apparent diameter (when the Moon is near the apogee, i.e. the point of its orbit farthest from the Earth). As a result, a solar ring around the moon's dark disk is visible from Earth.
It should be noted that a total eclipse in the European part of Russia can be observed only in 2061. If you look at the map of total and annular eclipse bands for 20 years, you can see how rare total solar eclipses are even for such a large country like ours.
The next total solar eclipses in 2019 and 2020 can be observed in Chile and Argentina. Therefore, those who want to see this wonderful phenomenon, as soon as possible, need to prepare for a transatlantic flight!
But let's return to the eclipses of the period described here 2018 - 2033, and consider them in more detail.
For convenience, which can be downloaded and printed.
Solar eclipses in Russia and the CIS in 2018 - 2033
(universal time)
The 2018 solar eclipse will be private. It will occur at the new moon on August 11, and the eclipse band will cover the northeastern part of our country with a maximum phase of 0.736 in Chukotka. Private phases will also be seen by residents of North America, Scandinavia and China. The duration of the eclipse will be a little less than 3.5 hours. The eclipse will occur in the constellation Leo.
Another solar eclipse in 2019 will be annular. It will occur at the new moon on December 26, and a strip of the annular phase will pass through the waters of the Indian and Pacific Oceans, crossing Arabia, southern India and Indonesia from west to east. The maximum duration of the annular phase will reach 3 minutes 40 seconds with a phase of 0.97. Private phases will be seen by residents of the southern regions of our country, Africa, Asia and Australia. The eclipse will occur in the constellation Sagittarius.
The 2020 solar eclipse will be annular. It will occur at the new moon on June 21, and a strip of the annular phase will pass through Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and the Asian continent. The duration of the annular phase at the maximum of the phenomenon will reach only 38 seconds at a phase of 0.994. In this case, the thinnest ring of this eclipse will be observed. On the territory of Russia and the CIS, the eclipse strip will cover the entire southern half of the country. The maximum phase of about 0.7 can be observed in the Central Asian countries of the CIS. The eclipse will occur in the constellation Taurus.
The solar eclipse of 2022 will be private. It will occur at the new moon on October 25, and the eclipse strip will cover the western half of Russia. The maximum eclipse phase 0.861 will be available for observations from the territory of our country in Siberia. The eclipse will occur in the constellation Virgo.
The solar eclipse in 2026 will be total. It will occur at the new moon on August 12, and the total eclipse strip will pass through the waters of the Atlantic and Arctic oceans, Western Europe and Russia. A total eclipse will be observed on Taimyr (total phase duration is 2 minutes), and a partial eclipse will cover the Far North of the country. The eclipse will occur in the constellation Leo.
The solar eclipse of 2029 will be private. It will occur at the new moon on June 12, and the eclipse strip will pass through the water area of the Arctic Ocean, as well as across North America and the Far North of our country. The maximum eclipse phase of 0.458 will be available for observations from North America. In Russia, the smallest phases of the eclipse will be visible (about 0.2 or less). The eclipse will occur in the constellation Taurus.
The solar eclipse of 2031 will be annular. It will occur at the new moon on May 21, and an annular eclipse strip with a maximum phase of 0.959 will pass through the Indian Ocean, as well as across Africa, India and Indonesia. On the territory of our country, the eclipse will be observed in its southern part with small phases (Central Asian countries of the CIS). The eclipse will occur in the constellation Taurus.
A solar eclipse occurs when the Sun, Moon and Earth stand in a straight line, astronomers call this phenomenon syzygy. During an eclipse, the Moon passes between the Sun and the Earth, casting a shadow on the Earth, and from the point of view of an earthly observer, the Moon obscures (eclipses) the Sun, partially or completely. Such a celestial phenomenon can only happen during the new moon.
However, solar eclipses do not occur on every new moon, because the Moon's orbit is tilted at an angle of 5 degrees to the plane of the Earth's orbit around the Sun (the ecliptic). The points where the two orbits intersect are called lunar nodes, and eclipses of the Sun occur when a new moon occurs near the lunar node. The sun must be close to the node, then it can form a perfect or near-perfect straight line with the Moon and the Earth. This period happens twice a year and lasts an average of 34.5 days - the so-called "corridor of eclipses".
How many solar eclipses per year?
In one calendar year, there can be from two to five solar eclipses, but most often two (once every six months). Five eclipses in one year is a rare occurrence, the last time it happened in 1935, and the next time will be in 2206.
Types of solar eclipses
According to the astronomical classification, they can be of different types: complete, annular and partial. In the photo below, you can see their differences. There is also a rare hybrid form, where the eclipse starts as annular and ends as total.
Myths and legends about solar eclipses
Throughout the history of mankind, myths, legends and superstitions have been associated with them. In ancient times, they caused fear, they were considered as unkind omens that entail disaster and destruction. Therefore, many peoples had a custom to carry out magical rituals in order to ward off possible troubles.
Ancient people tried to understand why the heavenly body sometimes disappears from the sky, so they came up with various explanations for this phenomenon. This is how myths and legends arose:
In ancient India, it was believed that the monstrous dragon Rahu periodically devours the Sun. According to Indian mythology, Rahu kidnapped and tried to drink the drink of the gods - ambrosia, for which he was beheaded. His head flew into the sky and swallowed the disk of the sun, so darkness fell.
In Vietnam, people believed that the sun was devoured by a giant frog, while the Vikings believed that it was eaten by wolves.
There is a legend in Korean folklore about mythical dogs who wanted to steal the Sun.
In ancient Chinese myth, the heavenly dragon ate the sun for lunch.
To get rid of the gluttonous demon, many ancient peoples during a solar eclipse had a custom to gather, beat pots and pans, making a loud noise. It was believed that the noise will scare away the demon, and he will return the heavenly body to its place.
The ancient Greeks viewed the eclipse as a manifestation of the wrath of the gods and were convinced that natural disasters and wars should follow.
In ancient China, these celestial phenomena were associated with the success and health of the emperor and did not foretell that he would be exposed to any danger.
In Babylon, they believed that eclipses of the Sun were a bad sign for a ruler. But the Babylonians skillfully knew how to predict them, and in order to protect the reigning person, a deputy was chosen for a certain period. He occupied the royal throne and received honors, but his reign did not last long. This was done only so that the temporary king would take upon himself the wrath of the gods, and not the real ruler of the country.
Modern beliefs
The fear of solar eclipses has survived to this day, and even in our time, many consider them a bad sign. In some countries, there is a belief that they are dangerous to children and pregnant women, so they need to stay indoors during an eclipse and not look at the sky.
In many parts of India, people fast on the day of the eclipse because of the belief that any food cooked will be unclean.
But popular beliefs do not always attribute bad fame to them. For example, in Italy it is believed that flowers planted during a solar eclipse will be brighter and more beautiful than flowers planted on any other day.
We tell where will it take place, what time will it start and where to watch boxing Garcia - Vargas February 29 (March 1) 2020.
The meeting of the fighters will be final during the boxing evening, which will be held at the "Ford Center" with a capacity of 12 thousand spectators, which is part of the Zvezda complex ( Ford Center at The Star) located in Frisco, Texas (USA).
What time will boxing Garcia - Vargas begin:
The nine-fight event is set to kick off at 6:00 pm ET on February 29, 2020, which corresponds to 02:00 am ET on March 1, 2020.
Most Anticipated Boxing the fight Garcia - Vargas will begin at approximately 7 am "Moscow time" on March 1, 2020 (Sunday morning), after the completion of 8 previous bouts.
By the way, in the second fight of the evening (out of nine) Uzbek boxer Israil Madrimov will compete against Charlie Navarro. Also, the tournament was originally planned to fight Russian Murat Gassiev against Jerry Forrest, which was later canceled.
Where to watch the fight Garcia - Vargas on February 29 (March 1) 2020:
Live meeting Garcia - Vargas will show "First channel... The beginning of the direct connection from the "Ford Center" - 06:55 Moscow time.And on the website of the "First" channel, the fight can be watched online and in recording.
Since ancient times, various beliefs and traditions have been associated with leap years. Today we will talk about what a woman can ask a man on a leap day on February 29, but he has no right to refuse.
There is an old European custom, according to which once every four years - February 29 - a woman can ask for a hand (propose to marry her) from a man, and not vice versa. AND at the same time, a man has no right to just refuse from this offer - he must either agree or "pay off" (pay a "fine" for refusal). In monetary terms, the "penalty" is equal to the cost of 12 pairs of gloves. It is believed that this is how many pairs of gloves a woman will need to hide the absence of a wedding ring until the next leap day.
This tradition originated in Ireland in the 4th century AD, when Saint Patrick, who spread Christianity in the country, allowed women to make marriage proposals to men once every four years. This was done in order to "balance" the roles of men and women in society, just as the leap day on February 29 balances the calendar.
In the Middle Ages, in a number of European countries, this rule was even approved at the legislative level. For example, in the 13th century in Scotland, when young knights died en masse in battles and many girls could not find a mate, a law was passed according to which a woman could propose to a man on February 29, and if he refused, he was obliged to pay a fine ... Similar laws were passed at different times in England, Denmark and other countries.
And even in Russia there was a similar tradition.... Only for "our" girls the opportunity to call a loved one into husbands worked for more than one day, but throughout the entire leap year. The leap year was called the "year of the bride", while matchmakers could not be sent to the girls, because they themselves chose their future husbands. Since then, in Russia, a leap year has been considered unsuccessful for a wedding, since men did not have the opportunity to choose their own bride.
Several times a year, lovers of stars and romance gather in the open air to see a mesmerizing spectacle - a solar eclipse. This is an unusual phenomenon that affects the rhythm of the planet as a whole, makes a person break away from his routine and think about the eternal. For scientists, an eclipse is an incredible opportunity to study new phenomena of the planet, space, the universe ...
A solar eclipse occurs when the solar and lunar orbits intersect and the lunar disk obscures the sun. The picture is truly mesmerizing: a black disk appears in the sky, framed by a border of sunbeams that look like the rays of a crown. It is getting dark around, and with a total eclipse in the sky you can see the stars ... Isn't it a story for you for a romantic date? But a date with a solar eclipse will not last long, about 4-5 minutes, but we guarantee its unforgettable!
When and where will the next solar eclipse be?
In 2020, you can enjoy the stunning phenomenon three times: February 15, July 13 and August 11.
Eclipse 15 February
The eclipse on February 15, unfortunately, has already passed. It was partial, the moon did not completely cover the sun, and complete darkness did not come. The southern part of our planet has become a more advantageous observation point. To be precise, the best place to see a solar eclipse was Antarctica. But not only there was visible the disc of the moon framed by the solar corona. Also lucky are the inhabitants of Australia and partially the population of South America and Africa. The inhabitants of Russia were not at all lucky, the eclipse was not visible at any point in a large and immense country. Many photographs of the inhabitants of Antarctica, Brazil, Chile, Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay can be found on various social networks. And you can also watch a video, but which captures the entire eclipse, on the YouTube video hosting.
Eclipse July 13
For those who are too lazy to get out of a warm and cozy bed in winter, there was an amazing opportunity to see a mesmerizing phenomenon in summer. In 2020, another partial solar eclipse will take place on July 13, 2020. You can enjoy the phenomenon in Tasmania, Australia (in the southern part), in Antarctica (in the eastern part). Therefore, we book tickets, hotel rooms and keep counting down! The exact time of this particular solar eclipse: 06 hours 02 minutes before noon Moscow time.
Eclipse on August 11
Well, if you do not have the opportunity to leave for a couple of days to another country, to another continent to look at the solar corona, do not be discouraged. On August 11, the solar eclipse can also be observed in Russia, in Moscow. Of course, not only in Moscow, but also in the Northeastern part of China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, the Far East and Siberia. Also, people who are in the central part of Russia, in Scandinavia, in Greenland and in Canada, in the northern part will be able to see the phenomenon.
In 2020, there will be only partial solar eclipses. It turns out that we will not have the opportunity to see the all-consuming darkness, and the appearance of stars in the sky during the day? Maybe there have never been total solar eclipses at all?
Eclipse history
Let's dwell on this issue with you and recall the literature course in high school. After all, the most famous solar eclipse is the eclipse on May 1, 1185. It was on this day that Prince Igor Svyatoslavovich set off on an unsuccessful campaign against the Polovtsians. It is known about him thanks to the ancient Russian work "The Lay of Igor's Campaign", which we study at school at the school desk.
The version that there was no total solar eclipse at all disappears. But now it is not 1185, but the 21st century already, has it really been since the 12th century that there have been no more total solar eclipses on Earth?
We clarify, and it turns out that the last total solar eclipse was not so long ago. He could be watched on March 20, 2015. The phenomenon took place in the north Atlantic Ocean and in Africa. More recently, a solar eclipse occurred on November 14, 2012 in Australia. And the longest total solar eclipse occurred on July 22, 2009. The apparition lasted 6 minutes and 4 seconds. To see the longest eclipse of the sun by the moon, people traveled to central and northeastern India, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, China and Ryukyu.
The phenomenon of a total solar eclipse has been confirmed, but, unfortunately, it is not expected in 2020. The nearest will happen on July 2, 2020, and to see what is happening with your own eyes, you will need to move to the central parts of Argentina and Chile, or to Tuamotu. But those who do not like to travel will have to wait to see a total solar eclipse in Russia. You will have to wait until March 30, 2033, it is in March that the phenomenon of a black lunar disk with a solar corona can be observed in the eastern part of Russia, and also in Alaska, perhaps by a total eclipse, the territory of the peninsula will also become part of the Russian Federation ...
We remind you that in 2020 it will be possible to see 2 more partial solar eclipses: July 13 and August 11. Take a pen, go to the calendar and circle the above dates, then you definitely will not miss these events and can enjoy the beauty and uniqueness of a short moment.
In ancient times, a solar eclipse caused panic and superstitious fear in our ancestors. Many peoples believed that it acts as an omen of some kind of misfortune or is the wrath of the gods.
Nowadays, science has sufficient capabilities to explain the essence of this astronomical miracle and identify the reasons for its origin. What is an eclipse of the sun? Why is it happening?
A solar eclipse is a natural phenomenon that occurs when the moon covers the sun's disk from viewers. If the Sun hides completely, then it becomes dark on our planet, and stars can be seen in the sky.
At this moment, the air temperature drops slightly, animals begin to show anxiety, individual plants fold foliage, birds stop singing, frightened by the unexpected darkness.
Eclipses of the Sun are always recorded during the new moon, when the side of the Moon facing our planet is not illuminated by sunlight. Due to this, there is a feeling as if a black spot appears on the Sun.
Since the Moon has a smaller diameter than the Earth, eclipses can be seen only in certain places on the planet, and the dark strip does not exceed 200 km in width. The full phase of darkness lasts no more than a few minutes, after which the Sun in its natural rhythm.
How does a solar eclipse happen?
An eclipse of the Sun is a unique and rather rare phenomenon. Despite the fact that the solar diameter is hundreds of times larger than the diametrical indicators of the Moon, from the earth's surface it seems that both celestial bodies are approximately the same size. This is due to the fact that the Sun is 400 times farther from our satellite.
At certain times, the lunar disk looks larger than the sun, as a result of which it covers the star. Moments like this happen when a new moon occurs near what are known as lunar nodes - the points at which the lunar and solar orbits intersect.
For astronauts on the space station, an eclipse looks like a lunar shadow falling on certain areas of the Earth's surface. It resembles a converging cone and moves around the planet at a speed of about 1 kilometer per second.
From the globe, the Sun appears as a black spot around which a corona appears - the luminous layers of the solar atmosphere, invisible to the eye under standard conditions.
What are the types of solar eclipses?
In accordance with the astronomical classification, total and partial eclipses are distinguished. In the case of complete blackout, the Moon covers the entire Sun, and people observing the phenomenon fall into a strip of moon shadow.
If we talk about partial eclipses, then in such a situation not in the center of the solar disk, but along one of its edges, while observers stand aside from the shaded strip - at a distance of up to 2000 km. At the same time, the sky does not darken so much, the stars are practically invisible.
In addition to partial and total, eclipses can be annular. A similar phenomenon occurs when the lunar shadow does not reach the earth's surface. Viewers can see how the Moon crosses the center of the Sun, but the lunar disk seems smaller than the solar one and does not completely cover it.
Interestingly, the same eclipse in different parts of the planet can look like annular or total. A hybrid eclipse is considered quite rare, in which the edges of the solar disk are visible around our satellite, but the sky remains bright, without stars and a crown.
How often do solar eclipses occur?
In some places of the planet, this miracle can be seen quite often, in others it is extremely rare. On average, from two to five eclipses occur annually on the globe.
All of them are calculated in advance, therefore astronomers carefully prepare for each phenomenon, and special expeditions are equipped to places where eclipses are expected. Every hundred years, the Moon covers the Sun on average 237 times, with most of the eclipses being private.