Headlines for the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture. Open event for the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture
Krymkov Rural Library
On May 23, on the eve of the Day of Slavic Literature, an educational hour “The language of my ancestors should not fade away” was held in the Krymkovsky rural library for students in grades 3-5.
Librarian Boychuk Larisa Valentinovna told the children about why this holiday is celebrated on May 24, about the Slavic educators, the creators of the Slavic alphabet Cyril and Methodius, thanks to whom the Slavic peoples became literate, learned to read and write, the history of the appearance of the alphabet, the story was accompanied by an electronic presentation.
A book and illustrated exhibition “Az and Buki - the basis of science” was prepared for the event.
There were 11 people present.
Nizhny Novgorod Rural Library
On May 26, as part of the Days of Slavic Literature and Culture, the Nizhny Novgorod Rural Library hosted an hour of interesting messages “From a clay tablet to a printed page” for readers in grades 1-4. Librarian Elena Vladimirovna Makarova spoke about how more than a thousand years ago, the enlighteners and preachers of Christianity, brothers Cyril and Methodius, brought the light of writing and knowledge to the land of the Slavs. Together with the children, we read aloud excerpts from Evgeniy Belousov’s book “How Cyril and Methodius wrote the alphabet.”
The exhibition “Keepers of the Russian Word” was organized for the event. There were 12 people present at the event.
Zavetleninskaya rural library
May 24th is celebrated Slavic writing and culture in memory of the creation of the Slavic alphabet by the most educated people of their time, the brothers Cyril and Methodius. They firmly believed that they were working in the name of all Slavs, united by one literary language understandable to all. And so it was. For their ascetic activity, the great brothers were canonized as saints. At the Zavet-Lenin rural library for young readers, librarian Irina Viktorovna Kabril held an educational hour “Where the words came from.” The librarian told the children the history of the origin of the book and the Slavic alphabet. The children actively answered the librarian’s questions about culture, Russian writing, books, and the library. The event ended with a show electronic presentation"The creators of Slavic writing are Cyril and Methodius."
Lobanovskaya rural library
On May 24, 2016, the Lobanovskaya rural library hosted a quiz “Who knows Az and Buki, a book is in their hands.” Our quiz was dedicated to the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture. Students from grades 6 to 8 took part in the quiz. The children were very happy to answer questions and share their knowledge on this topic.
For all readers the library was issued book exhibition entitled “Where did the Russian land come from?”
Librarian Halaberda E.A. shared with those present information about the history of Russia “About the past in the name of the future!” The children listened to the information provided to them with great interest and were very pleased with our event.
16 people took part in the quiz.
Mirnov Rural Library
On May 23, the Mirnovsky rural librarian Natalya Nikolaevna Kosenkova gave an hour of interesting messages “History of the Native Word” for students in grades 3-4, dedicated to the Day of Slavic Literature. Natalya Nikolaevna spoke about the creators of the Slavic alphabet - Cyril and Methodius. The guys learned that the activities of Cyril and Methodius were beneficial and spread to all the southern Slavs, and moved through their students to Kievan Rus.
The students were given a tour of the book exhibition “First Teachers of Good, Teachers of the People’s Faith,” with which the children became acquainted and took books for home reading.
Novostepnovskaya rural library
May 24, 2016 in the Novostepnovskaya rural library by librarian G.V. Vysochina. a literary evening was held: “Slavic cultural heritage” with students in grades 7-8. A colorfully illustrated book shelf with the theme: “Glory to all, creators of our alphabet”
An exciting hour of interesting messages “Cyril and Methodius in Crimea” passed. Look into the past with a historical quiz. The students got acquainted with the stages of development of writing in Rus'.
Roshchinskaya rural library
On May 23, the Roshchinskaya library hosted an event dedicated to the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture, a library lesson: “It all started with a tablet, a scroll, a birch bark.” for readers in grades 6-7.
The head of the library, Shulga Irina Semenovna, told the children the history of Slavic writing (the Slavic alphabet, the Russian language and its changes over the centuries, how learning arose in Rus', who was at its origins); about the life and work of Saints Cyril and Methodius; about Slavic holidays, folk traditions, beliefs, folklore and the history of costume of the Slavic peoples.
A book exhibition was organized in the library: “AZ and BUKI - the basis of science.”
18 people attended the event
Svetlovsk Rural Library
On May 23, the Svetlovsk Library hosted an educational hour “First Teachers of Good, Teachers of the People’s Faith” dedicated to this date. The head of the library, Oksana Ivanovna Koshman, told the students about Saints Cyril and Methodius, why this holiday is celebrated on May 24, that every person studying the Russian language should know and keep in their memory the holy names of the first Slavic enlighteners. The story was accompanied by a demonstration of the film “The Creators of Slavic Writing - Cyril and Methodius.” A hymn was played dedicated to the enlighteners of the Slavs, written by Stoyan Mikhailovsky in Bulgaria, where the brothers are very loved and honored.
Then the children made and guessed riddles and showed their knowledge of sayings and proverbs. Everyone could try their hand at writing words in Cyrillic or reading Old Church Slavonic letters. The children were also presented with a book exhibition - “The Thirtieth Kingdom - the State of Books” on the shelves of which everyone can find a book to their liking. There were 14 people present.
Saturday Rural Library
On the occasion of the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture, a loud reading was held in the Subbotnenskaya Library: “And the fairy tale has a Russian voice.” Students from grades 1-5 at the Maslovskaya school took part in it. Liza Samonyuk read the fairy tale by A.S. Pushkin: “About the Fisherman and the Fish.” Tkach Kristina Russian folk tale: “The Wolf and the Seven Little Goats”, Dzhelilova Mavile “Geese and Swans”. There were 9 people present.
This event is the result of the socially significant project “Daylight is a book word.” The participants of the project are students of the State Budgetary Educational Institution Secondary School "OC" of the village. Sernovodsk.
Project goal: to create a positive image of the library as a modern, competent institution in its field and a reliable partner for educational institution, the public and the general population; promoting in the younger generation an interest in the history of their village and a respectful attitude towards working people. Developing interest in creativity and “live” performing activities among students.
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“Daylight is a book word”
Target: show the significance of the invention of the alphabet of Cyril and Methodius for modern times, to form a positive image of the library as a modern institution, competent in its field, and a reliable partner for educational institutions, the public and the general population; developinterest in creativity, in “live” performing activities among students.
IN: Hello, dear guys! Every year on May 24, a spring holiday comes to the Russian land - young and ancient - the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture. And May 27 is Library Day. Let's try to imagine what our life would be like if once upon a time, thousands of years ago, people had not invented writing, figured out how to write down their thoughts, and record in documents everything that needs to be remembered. We would live without books and newspapers. All the experience accumulated by people was passed on from generation to generation only orally. The development of humanity would proceed very slowly, literally at a snail's pace. No, it is absolutely impossible to imagine something like that.
IN: Simple speech, but how much intelligence there is in it.
Words sound not for years, but for centuries.
On birch bark, on clay boards
We wrote down what was on our lips.
From ancient times and still alive
Running word line...
(E. Zavyalova)
IN: The emergence of writing dates back to ancient times. The path to it was long and difficult. The writing systems that exist today did not appear immediately. One of the greatest cultural treasures is the oldest written monuments. slide show
IN: The first historian of Slavic writing was the Bulgarian scribe, scientist - monk, monk Brave. He lived in the 10th century at the court of the Bulgarian Tsar Simeon. Brave speaks of two stages in the development of Slavic writing. The first one is “when the Slavs were pagans, they did not have their own books, so they counted and told fortunes using features and cuts.” The second is “when they were baptized, they began to write in Roman and Greek letters,” but this letter was “without structure,” not adapted for Slavic speech.
IN: In 1899, during excavations in Ukraine, archaeologists found a clay vessel with an unusual ornament. (slide) it is possible that these drawings are precisely those signs that Khrabr calls “features and cuts.” Such signs appeared among the Slavs in the 3rd - 6th centuries. But this did not become the basis of our modern alphabet. The modern alphabet is a direct descendant of the one created by the great enlighteners - the brothers Cyril and Methodius.
IN: Try to test your knowledge and answer the quiz questions:
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IN: The first alphabet was called Glagolitic and consisted of 38 letters, but was extremely inconvenient to read. The Solunsky brothers, Cyril and Methodius, borrowed some of the letters from the Greek alphabet, and invented some themselves. For the feat of creating Slavic writing, the brothers were canonized. The Slavic alphabet began to be called the Cyrillic alphabet.
IN: In ancient times, books were written by hand. To write one book, collect it in a precious salary, draw illustrations - all this took about 5-6 years of painstaking work. Handwritten books were true works of art. Naturally, such a book was very rare and expensive.
Printed books did not appear immediately:
The scribe copied each phrase.
My eyes were tired, my hand was shaking.
And so it went on for centuries and centuries.
IN: In order for book knowledge to become the property of the people, it was necessary to simplify the process of making a book. In the mid-14th century, printing came to Rus'. The first Russian pioneer printer, Ivan Fedorov, in 1564 published the first printed book in Russian, “Apostle”.
IN: Literate people have always been valued in Rus'. Proverbs and sayings arose about them. Let's remember the proverbs about literacy and learning.
Complete the proverb.
1. What is written with a pen -you can't cut it out with an axe.
2. The book is not red with a letter - but red...mind.
3. ABC science - and for the guys… flour.
4. Always learn to read and write... come in handy.
5. Learning is beauty, but ignorance…simplicity.
6. The root of learning is bitter - but the fruit... its sweet.
7. The book is small - but the mind... added.
IN: Everything that is created by the mind
Everything the soul strives for
Like amber at the bottom of the sea,
Books should be carefully stored. (Yu.Vagan)
IN: Since people learned to write, they have entrusted all their wisdom to books, and since time immemorial, libraries have appeared on our land - storehouses of wisdom.
Once caught in a wonderful captivity,
You won't be able to escape forever!
The world is endlessly interesting
The magical world of libraries!
PRESENTATION
The Sernovodsk library was opened in 1953. Unfortunately, photographs and data on the composition of the book collection have not been preserved.
Today the library is located on the second floor of the cultural center. Its collection includes more than 12.5 thousand copies.
The library consists of a subscription and a reading room.
With a subscription, books are delivered to your home: for adults - for a month, for children - for 10 days. Here the fund is divided into age categories:
Readers 8-9 years old – “Book Treasure Islands”
And readers 10-15 years old “Bibliograd”.
The reading room is a place where you can read a book in a comfortable environment.
In addition, there is a Hall of Electronic Resources for children, where the user can visit educational sites for free and copy or print the necessary information.
For adults, the Public Center for Access to Socially Significant Sites operates.
The little user has his own fund where he can not only look through the book, but also play.
Colorful magazines and encyclopedias are fascinating reading for many visitors!
Library - what a word
It's almost like the Bible - holy
For those who love books, reading in silence,
No wonder they say: “Pharmacy for the soul.”
The library, that's its meaning,
In which she has been since ancient times,
What inspiration did we find in her?
And so that the soul can open up here!
Over time, the library develops and is replenished with new publications. And this year, 6th grade students under the leadership of I.A. Alexandrova. A study was conducted on the basis of the Sernovodsk library.
Look what the library was like in 1954 and what it is like now!
Book fund | 2 481 | 12 603 |
Admission per year | ||
Dropped out during the year | ||
Number of readers | 1402 |
|
Book lending | 2935 | 36326 |
Exhibitions |
As a result of painstaking work, the most widely read author was identified.
He became A.S. Pushkin, who in turn wrote about the book like this:
“A book is a window to the world. You open a page, then another, and the walls of the room open up and you can see far, far away; you will hear the voices of those who lived a long time ago or who are now distant lands from you, beyond the forests and seas.”
SCHOOL
1 Thu: Pushkin! This sunny name enters your life, it seems, from the moment of birth. It bursts in with the first cry and stays with you until the end, leaving only with your last breath. It fills your life as naturally - necessary, like light, like air, like happiness and joy, like love and kindness, which we so need in order to every minute feel all the charm of the most simple-minded existence.
2 Thu: Pushkin is what happened before you - what will happen after you! He is life itself! Pushkin presents the whole gamut of human experiences and feelings!
1thu: Pushkin is the most beloved writer in our country. Everyone knows him, everyone reads his books; many of his works were rewritten several times. His poems are learned by heart. His portrait is familiar to everyone - everyone, looking at this face with lively, clear eyes, curly hair and curly sideburns on his cheeks, will say: this is Pushkin.
2th: Already 176 years have passed since the death of Pushkin (he died in 1837), but the memory of him does not die, love for him does not pass, and his fame continues to grow.
So today we wanted to remember Alexander Sergeevich and his creations, because on June 6 Alexander Sergeevich would have turned 215 years old!
3th: What did Pushkin do to deserve such worldwide fame and such ardent love?
Pushkin wrote for adults, but he knew how to write so simply and at the same time so interestingly that for children much of what was written to them was understandable and close.
1th : Which child does not know Pushkin’s poem about a snow storm, which, like an animal howls, then cries like a child, and about the sad poet listening to these sounds, sitting in a dilapidated shack together with his old nanny?
2th: Who hasn’t read the funny tale about the priest and his worker Balda, the tales about Tsar Saltan, the dead princess, and the golden cockerel?
3th: As we get older, we learn other, more serious and difficult works of Pushkin, and, re-reading old works of his that were familiar to us from childhood, we begin to see and understand a lot in them that we did not understand before. And then Pushkin becomes even closer to us, even dearer.
1thu: Did you know, Pushkin wrote the only fable “The Artist and the Shoemaker” and you have a unique opportunity to get acquainted with it.
Artist and shoemaker
Duration: 4 minutes; number of actors: from 1 to 3.
Characters:
Shoemaker
Artist
Narrator
Workshop with open window. In the middle of the stage there is an easel on which is a canvas depicting a dressed-up dandy and a girl in a silk tunic. The artist, humming a melody under his breath, moves his brush across the canvas.
Narrator
One artist, clearly one of the greats,
Whose skill will be famous for centuries,
He painted the painting “Dreams of Eurydice”,
And the brush danced in his hands.
Inspiration burned like a flame -
Was it the devil or God who inflated it?
But still, with everyday affairs
Our artist could not neglect.
There is a rhythmic knock of a piece of iron on an empty can.
The artist leans out the window.
Artist Come in, my dear! There is a job!
A shoemaker enters the workshop and places his toolbox on the floor. The artist takes out a shoe with a torn off sole and hands it to the Shoemaker.
Shoemaker (examining a shoe)
So-so! Let's see... The shoes are not bad,
Let's fix the matter. Can I sit here?
The shoemaker takes out a hammer, sits on his box, knocks it on the shoe and returns it to the owner.
Shoemaker Godok will serve.
Artist Much appreciated!
The Artist hands the Shoemaker money. The shoemaker looks at the picture.
Shoemaker
Interesting craft, I see.
And how much do they pay for such a bar?
Artist Yes, how lucky is anyone with taste?
The shoemaker comes closer to the painting and examines it.
Shoemaker (mockingly)Let me point out, you're drawing a picture of a dandy,
He is all dressed up in silk and lace,
And his boots have no welt.
The shoemaker points his finger at the picture.
Shoemaker He sure as hell would wear something like that!
The artist looks at the painting.
Artist (concerned)
Without a welt? Yes, I see, exactly, exactly...
You have a good eye, you rascal!
I'll fix it now.
The artist moves his brush across the canvas. The shoemaker looks over his shoulder.
Shoemaker (busily)A little lower line!
The artist runs his brush across the canvas again.
Artist And what, my dear, would I do without you?
Shoemaker (arrogantly with the air of an expert)
And then the face is a little crooked...
Aren't the girls' breasts too naked?
Artist (mockingly)
However, you are a zealous critic!
Judge, my friend, no higher than the boot!
The Artist pushes the Shoemaker out the door.
Narrator
There are many lovers in the world
Judging an unknown subject
Ambitious, with the air of experts.
Friends, don't let these fools
Moral cuffs to be given to you!
2th : Almost all major works by A.S. Operas were written by Pushkin. “Ruslan and Lyudmila”, “The Tale of Tsar Saltan”, “The Tale of the Golden Cockerel”
3th: “Eugene Onegin”, “The Queen of Spades”, “Boris Godunov”, “Dubrovsky” and “The Young Lady - Peasant”.
1thu: Appeal to the work of A. S. Pushkin “The Young Lady - Peasant Woman” is our humble sign of recognition, worship, gratitude and boundless love for the greatest of creators.
Dramatization “The Young Lady - Peasant Woman”
IN: As history testifies, the library has been and will be the Sacred Temple of living printed words. It’s not without reason that there are two holidays: Day Slavic culture and writing, which we celebrate on May 24 and Library Day on May 27, are always nearby.
IN: English writer William Thackeray said wonderful words about the library: “What a pleasure it is to be in a good library. Looking at books is already happiness. Before you is a feast worthy of the gods; you realize that you can take part in it and fill your cup to the brim.”
Q: Let the library will fill your spiritual cup! And now the song will sound for you: “There is a library next door”
http://www.olesya-emelyanova.ru/index-piesy-hudozhnik_i_sapozhnik.html
The road to writing was long and difficult. It all started, as some scientists think, with bears. It was a very long time ago. In those days, people lived in caves, since there were no houses yet. And some caves were inhabited by bears. One day, people pushed them out of a cave, looked around and saw some mysterious signs on the walls of their homes. These were scratches that the bears made when they sharpened their claws on the wall. People realized that they could scratch an image on a flat surface. This is how the road to writing arose.
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Municipal budgetary educational institution "Bykovskaya basic secondary school of the Yakovlevsky district of the Belgorod region"
Scenario for the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture:
“Only words are given life”
Developed
Teacher of Russian language
And literature
Vlasova G.M.
1 presenter: Guys! Today we celebrate the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture, we remember Cyril and Methodius - the creators of the Slavic alphabet. In Russia, the holiday was revived in 1985 and is celebrated annually until May 24. In 1991, the holiday was given state status. Now it’s even strange to think that there was a time when people couldn’t read and write. All knowledge was transmitted orally.
2 presenter: But then writing appeared - a great invention of mankind. It allowed people to preserve knowledge that otherwise would certainly have been forgotten.
1 presenter: Guys, do you know how people conveyed various messages to each other when there were no letters?
(The guys answer.)
The road to writing was long and difficult. It all started, as some scientists think, with bears. It was a very long time ago. In those days, people lived in caves, since there were no houses yet. And some caves were inhabited by bears. One day, people pushed them out of a cave, looked around and saw some mysterious signs on the walls of their homes. These were scratches that the bears made when they sharpened their claws on the wall. People realized that they could scratch an image on a flat surface. This is how the road to writing arose. But the road turned out to be long. Listen to an excerpt from the poem by the American poet G. Longfellow “The Song of Hiawatha,” about the legendary Indian leader.
1st reader:
He took the paints out of the bag,
He took out all the colors
And on a smooth birch bark
He made a lot of secret signs;
They all portrayed
Our thoughts, our speeches.
The white circle was a sign of life,
The black circle was a sign of death;
Sky, stars, moon and sun,
Mountains, forests and mountain valleys,
And everything that inhabits
The earth together with man.
He drew for the Earth
Paint a straight line,
For heaven - an arc above her,
For sunrise - point on the left,
For sunset - the point on the right,
And for half a day - at the top.
All the space under the arc
White day meant
The stars in the center are the time of night,
And the wavy stripes -
Clouds, rain and bad weather.
2 presenter: Guys, what did Hiawatha invent? ( Letter.)
(The guys answer.)
What can you call such a letter? ( Picturesque)
(The guys answer.)
Many thousands of years ago, our ancestors began to decorate the walls of their homes with various designs. Thus, on stone caves one could see many images of birds, animals, people, and boats. Such writing was called pictography, or picture writing.
1 presenter: Guys, tell me, now, in modern life, are pictograms used anywhere, that is, a drawing-letter? (Yes, these include street signs, signs, signs, emblems of states, cities, etc.)
(The guys answer.)
Competition “Draw a proverb”
(Participants are given cards with proverbs. Participants need to illustrate the proverb, and the audience needs to guess it.)
Cards
Az, beeches and veds are afraid of bears.
What is written with a pen cannot be cut out with an axe.
Alphabet - the wisdom of the step.
2 presenter: Later, picture writing was replaced by “sacred signs” - hieroglyphs, and when two thousand years ago the Phoenicians invented symbol letters only for consonants - cuneiform. Based on the Phoenician script, the first alphabet appeared in Greece, which gave rise to both Latin and Slavic writing.
Other writing methods are also known. For example, South American Indians used knotted writing - quipu. They attached thinner cords to a thick cord or stick. You could tell what we were talking about by the color of the cord. Yellow meant gold, white meant silver, red meant warriors. And the number of knots on the cord indicated the number of people or objects. And in North America, the Indians transmitted information using wampum. Shells of different shapes and painted in different colors were strung on cords. Red meant war, black meant threat, white meant peace, happiness, prosperity.
1 presenter: In the third century BC, hieroglyphs appeared in the East. These are signs that stand for whole words. In China, there are approximately 50 thousand hieroglyphs, and they are written and read not from left to right, like ours, but from top to bottom.
2 presenter : Russian writing also has elements of hieroglyphic writing. For example, the signs “+”, “-”, “=”. The “+” sign can be read in different ways: as a plus, and as an addition, and as an addition; sign “-” - as a minus, subtract, subtract; the “=” sign is like an equals sign, equals, equals.
1 presenter: Now guys, guess the riddle:
Black, crooked, mute from birth.
They’re unlikely to—they’ll start talking right away. ( Letters.)
(The guys answer.)
Letters make up the alphabet. The Slavs did not yet know letters, but the Phoenicians, a people who inhabited the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea in the first millennium BC, already had their own alphabet consisting of 22 letters. It is interesting that only consonants were reflected in the letter, and the vowels were guessed according to their meaning.
2 presenter: What kind of writing did not exist in the world! But despite the fact that in different countries wrote in different ways, at all times and among all peoples the people who created writing were revered and respected. So we annually honor the memory of two enlighteners - the Thessaloniki brothers Cyril and Methodius, who were born at the beginning of the ninth century in Greece in the city of Thessaloniki. Hence they were called Thessalonica brothers. These were very educated and wise people.
1 presenter : The elder brother Methodius was appointed ruler of one of the regions in the Balkans, later he became a monk and entered a monastery. Kirill was the patriarch's librarian, then taught philosophy in Constantinople, for which he received the nickname Philosopher. His real name is Konstantin. And he took the name Cyril before his death when he was tonsured a monk.
2 presenter : In 863, both brothers were invited to the palace of the city of Constantinople, where the emperor instructed them to go to Moravia, modern territory of the Czech Republic, to preach sermons in the Slavic language in the country that had recently converted to Christianity. But the ancient Slavs did not have their own written language, which means they could not read. And the books known at that time were in Greek, which the Slavs did not understand. The brothers were given a difficult task. And so they decided to first compile the Slavic alphabet and translate books from Greek into Slavic.
1 presenter: Cyril and Methodius developed their own original writing for the Slavs. The first alphabet was called Glagolitic and consisted of 38 letters. How many letters in this alphabet were different from other alphabets!
2 presenter: The Solun brothers took some of the letters from the Greek alphabet, and some they invented themselves. They rewrote several biblical books for their people using the new alphabet. For this feat - the creation of Slavic writing - the brothers were canonized. The activities of Constantine and Methodius met resistance from the German clergy, who opposed the Slavic letter.
1 presenter : Only three languages in the world - Hebrew, Latin and Greek - were acceptable in those days. After the death of the Thessalonica brothers, their students continued their activities in disseminating Slavic writing. And only later, in Bulgaria, students of the Enlightenment invented the second and main Slavic alphabet. Do you know what it was called and why?(Cyrillic, after the name of one of the brothers.)
(The guys answer.)
2 presenter: In Cyrillic, the letters have a simpler and clearer form for us. It was the ‘bf alphabet’ that became the basis of the Russian “ABC”. Why did this textbook get this name?(By the names of the first letters - “az” and “buki”.)
(The guys answer.)
2nd reader:
In the old days, children studied -
They were taught by the church clerk.
They came at dawn
And the letters repeated like this:
A da B is like Az da Buki,
V – as Vedi, G – Verb.
And a teacher for science
On Saturdays I flogged them.
It was difficult to read and write
To our ancestors in the old days.
And the girls were supposed to
Don't learn anything.
Only boys were trained.
Deacon with a pointer in his hand
I read books to them in a sing-song manner
In church language.
1 presenter: Time passed. People gradually simplified the Cyrillic alphabet and excluded some letters from it. This is how the modern alphabet appeared. How many letters does it have?
(The guys answer.)
2 presenter: Do you know what our ancestors wrote hieroglyphs on, drew pictures and wrote the first letters on?
(The guys answer.)
They wrote on cave walls, clay tablets, papyrus, animal skin, parchment, birch bark, palm leaves, fabrics, and metals. And in the second century AD, the Chinese invented something without which there would have been no printing - paper. And now we can’t stop admiring colorfully illustrated books.
1 presenter: Look how beautiful the pages of these books are! We are surprised and admired by the creations of man, but we should not forget the first teachers, because thanks to the works of these people, today we can read any book, write any text, and pass on information to future generations.
3rd reader:
The tombs, mummies and bones are silent, -
Only the word is given life:
From ancient darkness
At the world graveyard,
Only the Letters sound.
And we have no other property!
Know how to take care
At least to the best of my ability, in days of anger and suffering,
Our priceless gift is speech.
2 presenter: I.A. In this poem, Bunin bequeathed to his descendants to take care of our Russian speech. And we also urge you, our young generation, to careful attitude, respect and understanding of Russian culture and our traditions.
4th reader:
Singing about Russia - why strive to go to church
Through forested mountains, field carpets...
To sing about Russia - to welcome spring,
What to wait for the bride, what to console the mother...
To sing about Russia is to forget the melancholy,
What is love to love, what is it to be immortal!
Scenario extracurricular activity for schoolchildren: Day of Slavic Literature and Culture
Goals: form concepts about the meaning of a calendar date; promote the assimilation of the concept of “culture”; introduce to Russian national culture.Progress of the event
Across broad Rus' - our mother
The bells ring out.
Now the brothers Saints Cyril and Methodius
They are glorified for their efforts.
Remember Cyril and Methodius
Glorious brothers, equal to the apostles.
In Belarus, Macedonia, Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovenia,
The wise brothers are praised in Bulgaria
In Ukraine, Croatia, Serbia,
All the peoples who write in Cyrillic,
What have been called Slavic since ancient times,
They glorify the feat of the first teachers,
Christian enlighteners.
Teacher: On May 24, the Slavic peoples - Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians, Bulgarians, Serbs, Czechs, Slovaks, Poles - celebrate a special holiday - the Day of Slavic Literature.
On this day they pass scientific conferences, solemn processions to cultural monuments: ancient buildings where the first handwritten and printed books were created, as well as to monuments to those who brought the light of knowledge to their people through books.
In Russia, this holiday was first celebrated by the residents of ancient Novgorod the Great. It was in this city that the first birch bark letters were found. They were followed by the cities of Pskov, Yaroslavl, and Moscow. Now this holiday is celebrated in many Russian cities.
Speaking about this holiday, one cannot help but recall the Greek monks Cyril and Methodius, who invented the Slavic alphabet. In honor of them, the alphabet was named Cyrillic. The first Russian books were written on it.
Brothers Cyril and Methodius, when creating the Slavic alphabet, took their own, Greek, as a model, but they had to come up with a lot themselves. The point was that the Russian and Bulgarian languages had more consonant sounds than the Greeks, and icons were needed to indicate these consonants. The Greek alphabet had 24 letters, and the Slavic alphabet had 43. The names of the letters are similar, but do not completely coincide.
In ancient times there was no paper, and our ancestors used parchment to convey their thoughts to other people.
What is parchment?(This is thin, hair-free calfskin or goatskin.)
It was rubbed with chalk to remove fat, then cleaned with pumice so that it was even, then sheets of the same size were cut from it using a ruler. Each sheet was lined into 16 lines and the sheet was divided in half, because parchment was very expensive and it was necessary to place as much text on the sheet as possible. They wrote on sheets of parchment by hand with a quill pen. Ink was made from soot and ink nuts (growths on oak bark).
What did our ancestors write on? (On birch bark.)
For everyday needs, our ancestors, instead of expensive parchment, used a thin layer of birch bark, and scratched letters on it with a sharp bone or iron stick. More than 600 such birch bark letters were found in Veliky Novgorod. They wrote on birch bark in Smolensk, Moscow, and other cities.
Writing is a real treasure that man has mastered. We live in a world of inscriptions. There was a time when people could neither write nor read.
But time passed, people’s knowledge expanded, they did not fit into human memory, and that’s when writing arose.
The oldest writing is called pictography - picture writing. Scientists discovered the first drawings in caves.
- Do people use pictography today? (Yes, road signs.)
These drawings help us navigate where the inscriptions are made in an unfamiliar language.
Hieroglyphs– originally it meant “sacred writings.” In ancient times they were used in Egypt, and in our time - in China and Japan. The hieroglyph denoted a word or syllable. It was very difficult to master such a letter - after all, it was necessary to keep hundreds of characters in memory.
Cuneiform- writing used by the ancient Assyrians and other peoples close to them. The badges were pressed into wet clay, then for better preservation the tablets were fired or dried in the sun.
Is it difficult to read and write in Russian? Foreigners consider Russian one of the most difficult languages. Of course: the English have an alphabet of only 26 letters, while the Russians have 33 letters!
33 letters in the Russian alphabet not so long ago - since 1918, and before there was a Cyrillic alphabet, and it had 43 letters. The student sits and spells: “Thinking – az – thinking – az.” What happened? It turns out - mom.
In 1708, Peter I simplified the writing of some letters and introduced a “civil font”. These complexities of Russian grammar persisted until 1918. Then the orthography (spelling) reform was carried out. The number of letters has decreased.
- Now let's play with you.
1. Game "Typesetter"
Make as many words as possible from the letters of this word.
Health - call, ditch, thief, healthy, look, look, cart, harm.
2. Game “One sound, march!”
1. Eliminate one sound from each word to form a new word. Like this: a handful is a guest.
Barn, prick, regiment, deer, hail, table, duck, bison, fishing rod, tick, cattle, heat, pillar, scythe, wolf, stranded, trouble, crevice, darkness, laughter, shell, paint, screen.
2. Add one sound to each word to make a new word. Like this: the mouth is a mole.
Rose (thunderstorm), felling (pipe), treasure (warehouse), paw (lamp), laziness (deer), table (trunk, pillar), ball (scarf), gift (blow), mustache (beads).
3. Replace one consonant sound in words. Like this: cake - walrus.
Nails, bun, jackdaw, log, pussy, sand, light, frame, leg, wedge, teeth, eagle.
3. Game “Guess the words”
Osl (salt), kshoka (cat), tsilais (fox), demveed (bear), osva (owl), kshaukuk (cuckoo), zhe (hedgehog), kmysha (mouse), kovl (wolf), ayazts (hare), kyork (ferret), bkela (squirrel).
4. TASK to draw the letters of the Slavic alphabet
- In conclusion, a few more words about one person.
For many years, books continued to be written by hand. It was only in the 15th century that the German Johannes Gutenberg printed 10 copies of the Bible on paper. After the Germans, Italians, French, and English began to print books. In Russia, the first printing presses appeared under Tsar Ivan the Terrible in the 16th century. The king was an educated man and loved books. He ordered the creation of the first printing house with state money in Moscow in Kitai-Gorod on Nikolskaya Street. Printer Ivan Fedorov and his friend Pyotr Mstislavets were invited there. For his services to Russia, the first printer Ivan Fedorov was erected in 1909 in Moscow at the intersection of Lubyanskaya Square and Nikolskaya Street.
Extracurricular activity scenario,
dedicated to the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture
Target: familiarizing schoolchildren with cultural heritage the Russian people, the history of the Russian alphabet, expanding the horizons of students.
Decor : Presentation, table of Cyrillic letters, individual letters, tables with the new alphabet. Portraits of Cyril and Methodius.
Leading . Good afternoon, dear guys, dear teachers! 24 May our country celebrates the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture.
The Slavic alphabet is more than 1000 years old. Created in the 9th century by the brothers Cyril and Methodius, it still serves many peoples: Bulgarians, Slovaks, Serbs, Belarusians, Ukrainians - all Slavic peoples and us - Russians.
This holiday is a tribute to the memory of Cyril and Methodius, who more than 1000 years ago compiled the Slavic alphabet and gave us the opportunity to read and write in Russian. They identified sounds in Slavic speech, invented letters, gave them names, created writing, and translated sacred texts using a new writing system. Today students of class 5A will tell you how the alphabet that we use now was created.
1 reader:
Look back at our ancestors,
To the heroes of days past.
Remember them kind words -
Glory to them, the stern fighters!
Glory to our side!
Glory to Russian antiquity!
And about this old thing
I'll start telling you
So that people can know
About business native land:
Reader 2:
In a narrow monastery cell,
In four blank walls
About the land about ancient Russian
The story was written down by a monk.
He wrote in winter and summer,
Illuminated by dim light,
He wrote year after year
About our great people.
1 reader Hello, our glorious guests! I will tell you about Holy Rus', about distant times unknown to us.
Once upon a time there lived good fellows, beautiful women - beautiful maidens. They had kind mothers, bearded wise priests. They knew how to plow and mow, cut down mansions, they knew how to weave canvases and embroider them with patterns. But our ancestors did not know how to read, did not know how to read books or write letters.
2 reader . And two enlighteners appeared in Rus', the wise brothers Cyril and Methodius. They lived on the border of the Byzantine state and the Slavic lands in the city of Thessaloniki. At home, the two brothers spoke Slavic, but at school education was conducted only in Greek. The younger brother Kirill dreamed of writing books, and for this he needed to come up with Slavic letters.
1 reader . Years have passed. The brothers grew up and learned. But the dream of creating a Slavic alphabet did not leave his younger brother. He worked hard. And now the alphabet was ready. But coming up with ideas is half the battle. It is necessary to translate books from Greek into Slavic so that the Slavs have something to read. This turned out to be a very difficult task, and Kirill alone could not cope with it. His elder brother Methodius began to help him. Cyril and Methodius accomplished a great work!
2 reader . On May 24, 863, in the city of Pliska, which was at that time the capital of Bulgaria, Constantine and Methodius announced the invention of the Slavic alphabet. Quite recently, a holiday of Slavic writing and culture appeared in our country. In the spring of 1991, the holiday was declared a state, all-Russian holiday.
Every person who studies the Russian language should know and keep in memory the first Slavic enlighteners - the brothers Cyril and Methodius, who are canonized.
3rd reader
Across broad Rus' - our mother
The bells ring out.
Now the brothers Saints Cyril and Methodius
They are glorified for their efforts.
4th reader .
They remember Cyril and Methodius,
Glorious brothers equal to the apostles,
In Belarus, in Macedonia,
In Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovakia,
The wise brothers are praised in Bulgaria,
In Ukraine, Croatia, Serbia.
5th reader .
All the peoples who write in Cyrillic,
What have been called Slavic since ancient times,
They glorify the feat of the first teachers,
Christian enlighteners.
6th reader.
Fair-haired and gray-eyed,
Everyone is bright in face and glorious in heart,
Drevlyans, Rusichi, glades,
Tell me, who are you?
All. We are Slavs!
7th reader.
Your article is all nice,
All different and all similar,
Now you are called Russians,
Since ancient times, who are you?
All . We are Slavs!
Leading (there is a scroll on the slide). And Cyril and Methodius came up with initial letters, and from them they made up an alphabet, this alphabet is called Cyrillic, after the name of Cyril, one of its creators. It has 43 letters (19 vowels). Each letter in the ancient Slavic alphabet was special. They had a name. Listen to how the ancient alphabet sounds. (Reading individual letters). The names of the letters were supposed to remind people of words that should not be forgotten: “good”, “live”, “earth”, “people”, “peace”. Take a closer look at these Cyrillic letters. Don't they remind you of letters you already know? (children's answers).
Let these ancient letters now come to life with the help of our big magic ABC.
Here is the alphabet - the beginning of all beginnings,
I opened the primer and felt like childhood!
And Konstantin the philosopher at night
I didn’t sleep, I was probably making up letters.
Whispered. Dipped the pen into ink.
He understood that letters are the basis
Of the future written word,
As big as the Pacific Ocean.
Letters included.
Az . Hello children! Guess which letter I am? That's right, my name is "Az". Name the words that begin with me. Children call.
Beeches. Now guess what my name is? That's right, my name is "Buki". Remember how many good, tasty words begin with my letter. Name them. Now call us in order.
Leading . The result is the word "ABC". You, dear letters, have the great honor of standing at the beginning of our alphabet. This is what people say: “First “az” and “buki”, and then science.” The path of each of you into the world of knowledge begins with the basics. And another letter is rushing towards us. Introduce youreself!
Lead . Hello children! My name is "Vedi". I know everything, I know about everything.
Leading . Well, then listen to my riddle:
Girls in the clearing
In white shirts
In green shorts. (Birches).
Leading. Let's continue our acquaintance with the Slavic alphabet.
Verb . Hello children! I am the letter "Verb".
Leading . What is your beautiful name! What does it mean? What do you guys think? To verb means to speak. But before you speak, you need to think carefully. People used to say: “If you say a word, you won’t get it back, and you’d give a lot for a word, but you won’t be able to redeem it.” Look, another letter is rushing towards us!
Good . Good afternoon, children! My name is "Good".
Leading . What a good name you have! Kindness is the best character trait of a person.
8 reader.
It's not easy to be kind,
Kindness does not depend on height,
Kindness does not depend on color,
Kindness is not a carrot, not a candy.
9 reader .
You just have to be very kind
So that in times of trouble we don’t forget each other.
And the peoples will live more friendly,
If we are kinder to you.
10 reader.
Kindness brings people joy
And in return it does not require a reward.
Kindness does not age over the years,
Kindness will warm you from the cold.
If kindness is like the sun shining,
Adults and children rejoice.
Leading. And a new guest is coming to us from the ABC!
People. Hello children! I am the letter "People".
People, you live in harmony,
Bring affection and love.
We cannot divide the radiant sun into parts,
And the eternal land cannot be divided,
But a spark of happiness
You can, you must
You can give it to your friends.
Leading. Meet us, a new letter is coming to us!
Think . Hello children! My name is "Think"
Leading . What a wise letter has come to us!
Think . I brought you riddles. Guess them.
Well done boys! All the riddles were solved.
The sages have long known:
Where smart thoughts are cramped,
There is no envy, no boredom.
There are jacks of all trades there.
Sew, cook and draw,
Sing and dance loudly.
Leading . There are hissing letters, there are whistling letters, and only one of them is a growling letter.
Rtsy . Hello children! I am the letter "Rtsy". It’s not for nothing that I’m proud of myself, because I am the beginning of the word “Rus”. Rus', Russia, Motherland - these are the most precious words for us. This is the country and place where we were born and grow. Rus' is often called “Holy” because it adopted the holy Orthodox faith.
Leading.
When learning to read, the letters of the first syllable were first named, then this syllable was pronounced; then the letters of the second syllable were called, the second syllable was pronounced, and only after that the syllables were combined into a whole word.
In the old days, books were written by hand. Each letter was often not even written, but drawn. The ink was carefully selected; they even wrote with dissolved gold or silver. The opening line of a new chapter was highlighted in red ink, hence the expression “start with a red line.” Capital letters at the beginning of a line were called drop caps.
And now, Cyrillic alphabet, get acquainted with the modern Russian alphabet.
Leading. Thank you, letters, for teaching us beauty, kindness, wisdom. Thanks to the holy brothers Cyril and Methodius for giving us the Slavic alphabet.
Now we will look at how they learned to read and write in the old days. We present to your attention an excerpt from M. Gorky’s story “Childhood”.re-enactment
Leading. That's how difficult it was to learn to read and write. It is no coincidence that V.I. Dahl in his Explanatory dictionary wrote down the proverb “They teach the alphabet, they shout at the top of their voices.” The Slavs knew how important it was to be able to read and write, they understood the enormous importance of education, which is why they came up with so many proverbs and sayings about the ABC. What proverbs do you know?
(Competition “Who knows more proverbs about the ABC”)
First AZ, and BUKI, and then other sciences.
AZ, BUKI and VEDI are afraid of bears.
They teach the alphabet, they shout at the whole hut.
Learning the ABCs is always useful.
Alphabet - the wisdom of the step.
Sell your caftan, buy a letter.
If you want to know the truth, start with the ABCs.
Learning to read and write is always useful.
I finished a science course, but I know ABC and BUKI.
11 reader.
Letter to letter - there will be a word,
Word by word - the speech is ready.
And melodious and harmonious,
It sounds like music.
12 reader.
So let us praise these letters!
Let them come to the children
And let him be famous
Our Slavic alphabet!
13 reader.
We serve our Fatherland faithfully,
You are one of the sons.
Grow so that you are needed
Dear to your Motherland!
14 reader.
A reward awaits you for your work -
A beautiful goal in the distance
But you have to look around
On the path that we have passed.
15 reader.
Nothing is better, more beautiful
Dear thy Motherland!
Look back at our ancestors,
To the heroes of days past!
16 reader.
Remember them with a kind word -
Glory to them, the stern fighters,
Glory to our side!
Glory to Russian antiquity!
The spiritual feat of the Enlighteners Cyril and Methodius was captured in stone and bronze in many countries and cities of Russia, but P The first monument to Cyril and Methodius in Russia was opened in Murmansk in 1990. This gift was made by the Bulgarian government as a token of gratitude to the city and Murmansk residents, who revived the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture in Russia.Every year there are more and more monuments and memorial signs in honor of the Enlighteners Cyril and Methodius. In 2007, before the celebration of the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture, the monument was erected on Cathedral Square in the Kremlin.
The Slavic alphabet existed unchanged in Rus' for more than seven centuries. Its creators tried to make each letter of the first Russian alphabet simple and clear, easy to write. The alphabet of Cyril and Methodius amazes us with its simplicity and convenience. Our ABC is amazing! And every person who studies the Russian language should know and keep in his memory the names of the first Slavic enlighteners, the brothers Cyril and Methodius.
I know the letters:
Writing is an asset.
Work hard, people of earth,
As befits reasonable people,
Comprehend the universe!
Carry your word with conviction:
Knowledge is a gift from God!
Dare to delve into
Comprehend the existing light!