Standards for cleaning premises by cleaners. Standard standards of service for cleaners of industrial premises of industrial enterprises
Special standards have been developed to maintain a certain level of cleanliness in them.
The main documents regulating these procedures are the following: “Household services. Cleaning services for buildings and structures. General technical conditions”, and standards approved by Decree of the USSR State Committee for Labor of December 29, 1990 N 470. Their main provisions should be known to all managers who care about their employees and the quality of their products. In order to comply with these standards, a full-time position of a premises cleaner may be provided or an agreement may be concluded with a specialized company to provide cleaning services.
The Prestige-Service Plus company cleans office premises and offices in Moscow efficiently, quickly and in compliance with all established regulations.
The need for compliance
As is known, failure to comply with cleaning rules leads to the formation of mold, tiny fungi, and the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms, which negatively affects the health of people who are constantly in the premises. In addition, it is professional cleaning in accordance with established sanitary standards that can ensure a long service life and preservation of the original appearance expensive floor coverings made of granite, marble or exclusive parquet. Often, for organizations and enterprises, the most profitable option is to conclude an outsourcing agreement - this is cheaper than having your own cleaner on staff, since carrying out the activities necessary to maintain cleanliness rarely requires the constant presence of a specialist at the workplace. In addition, the company ensures compliance with sanitary standards for office premises in full, which is reflected in the concluded contract.
Factors influencing the setting of standards
Appropriate cleaning standards are established based on several factors: the area of the room, its configuration, the number of people present in it during working hours, the volume of work or technological map. The latter is especially carefully coordinated with the client. The fact is that complete cleaning of an office with two wall shelves and one desktop is much easier and faster than in the case of a room of the same size, but with five computer desks, various cabinets, office equipment and other items. A schedule for performing cleaning work is also agreed upon with the customer, including calculation of the time for each operation, as well as the number of personnel, materials and equipment required in accordance with the standards. Based on the characteristics of the premises and other data, the cost of the services provided is calculated.
Event plan
The standards also define the main types of cleaning of industrial, office and service premises, consumption detergents. Any work has its own requirements - both for the execution process and for the expected result. Thus, the following types of cleaning of premises can be carried out: daily, weekly comprehensive, monthly or general. Other cleaning services can also be performed, including those necessary after construction, repairs, fire, flooding, etc.
These instructions have been developed specifically for cleaners of office, residential, industrial and sanitary premises.
1. GENERAL OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
1.1. Persons who do not have medical contraindications and have passed:
— introductory training on labor protection;
— fire safety briefing;
— initial on-the-job training and internship;
— training in the design and operating rules of the equipment used;
— knowledge testing in the scope of Group I on electrical safety at least once a year;
— repeated briefing on labor protection at least once every 3 months for workers operating equipment powered by an electrical network and cleaning production premises; for other employees it is allowed to carry out repeated briefing at least once every 6 months.
1.2. While working, a cleaner may be exposed to the following hazardous and harmful production factors:
— moving machines and mechanisms, moving parts of equipment;
— increased dust content in the air of the working area;
— increased temperature of air, equipment surfaces, materials;
— increased air mobility;
- noise;
— vibration;
— increased voltage in the electrical circuit;
— sharp edges, burrs and uneven surfaces of equipment, inventory, tools and devices;
— chemical factors;
— physical overload;
— infection with AIDS, viral hepatitis when cleaning syringes and places where they were located.
1.3. Cleaners are provided with personal protective equipment in accordance with standard industry regulations. Also, workers are provided with the necessary equipment and detergents intended for washing furniture, floors, windows, and walls.
1.4. While at work, it is prohibited to perform work that is not part of the job duties. During work, do not walk around the territory of the serviced facility without performing work duties, and do not engage in extraneous affairs.
1.5. When moving around the territory of the serviced facility and its premises, it is necessary to observe personal safety measures.
1.6. It is necessary to be attentive to the height of the ceiling of the room, the height of the door frame, and technological equipment located at head level. When entering such premises and walking near such technological equipment, you need to tilt your head to avoid bruising and injury.
1.7. The cleaner must report any observed violations of safety requirements at his workplace, as well as malfunctions of cleaning equipment and devices to his immediate supervisor. It is prohibited to work with faulty cleaning equipment and use faulty devices.
1.8. The cleaner must be able to provide first aid to the victim.
1.9. The cleaner must observe the rules of personal hygiene:
- eat food in a designated place equipped for this purpose, and not in production and storage areas;
- store personal clothes separately from work clothes;
- work in clean overalls;
- wash your hands with soap before eating;
- do not drink technical water or tap water, but drink only boiled water or purchased bottled water.
1.10. The cleaner must comply with the requirements of these instructions, labor and production discipline, work and rest schedules, rules on labor protection, industrial sanitation, fire and electrical safety.
1.11. For failure to comply with the requirements of this instruction, the cleaner is liable in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.
2. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS BEFORE STARTING WORK
2.1. Wear proper protective clothing and fasten the sleeves. Tuck it in so that there are no loose ends hanging down. Tuck your hair under your headdress.
2.2. It is forbidden to pin clothes with pins or needles. Do not keep sharp objects in clothing pockets.
2.3. Check the availability and serviceability of equipment (bucket, brush, hose, etc.), protective equipment (rubber gloves, galoshes, goggles, respirator and helmet) and cleaning material used when cleaning premises.
2.4. Check that the cleaning material (rags, etc.) does not contain any sharp objects: needles, broken glass or other objects that could injure your hands.
2.5. Inspect the workplace and make sure that the area being cleaned is sufficiently illuminated, that the stairs and their railings are in good working order, that any hatches, openings, moving (rotating) parts, heated surfaces and other dangerous places are closed or securely fenced.
2.6. Work in places of increased danger and in places where an industrial hazard may arise that is not related to the nature of the work performed should be carried out after organizational and technical measures to ensure the safety of workers (preparing the workplace, conducting targeted training on labor protection with registration necessary documents), such work includes:
— work in electrical installations;
- work closer than 2 meters from unfenced differences in height of 1.3 meters or more;
— work on the floors (tiers) of buildings and structures on which work is being carried out (installation, dismantling, repair of technological equipment, etc.);
— work in the area where equipment is located with aggressive, flammable, explosive, toxic, etc. hazardous substances, as well as in other areas where personnel may be exposed to hazardous and harmful factors.
2.7. Before cleaning the floor, you need to vacuum or sweep it.
2.8. When working with a vacuum cleaner, scrubber dryer, polisher, dry cleaning machine, check: whether there is external damage to the equipment, electrical cord, plug and socket; absence of exposed current-carrying cable cores; correspondence between the voltage values of the network and the electrical appliance; serviceability of starting and blocking devices.
2.9. Toilet cleaning equipment (buckets, gloves, mops, brushes, rags) must be stored in a specially designated place, isolated from cleaning equipment in other rooms. Toilet cleaning equipment must be clearly marked.
2.10. Report all detected malfunctions of equipment, devices and other emergency situations to the immediate supervisor of the work.
3. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS DURING WORK
3.1. It is necessary to carry out the work assigned by the immediate supervisor.
3.2. Work with rubber gloves. It is prohibited to remove garbage and wash premises with bare, unprotected hands.
3.3. Before washing the floors, vacuum or sweep them using a brush and dustpan to remove traumatic objects: nails, broken glass, needles and other sharp (piercing and cutting) objects.
3.4. When working with a vacuum cleaner, floor scrubber, etc. Do not collect explosive or flammable gases, liquids, as well as acids and solvents (gasoline, paint thinners, etc.), as Explosive vapors or mixtures may form in the drawn air flow, as well as damage the materials from which the equipment is made.
3.5. Do not suck it up with a vacuum cleaner, floor scrubber, etc. burning or smoldering objects.
3.6. Do not handle the power plug with wet hands when operating a vacuum cleaner, floor scrubber, polisher or dry cleaner.
3.7. Do not pull out the power plug from the socket using the electrical cable, as this may lead to breakage of the electrical cable wires.
3.8. Do not stretch the electrical cable more than its length allows.
3.9. Do not touch electrical wires. If you find broken or damaged wires, you must immediately notify the work manager.
It must be remembered that faulty electrical wires and electrical cables can cause electric shock.
3.10. Disconnect used cleaning equipment and electrical appliances from the electrical network when:
— interruptions in work or power supply;
— removing the dust collector from the vacuum cleaner;
— removing foreign objects or power cords from under the brushes of a floor polisher and scrubber dryer;
— filling the scrubber dryer tank with water.
3.11. Cleaning of premises: sweeping the floor, wiping furniture and walls from dust is carried out depending on the surface material.
3.12. It is necessary to use warm water to wash floors, sanitary equipment, wiping panels, wardrobe cabinets and other things. The premises should be ventilated by opening the windows, transoms and starting the ventilation or air conditioning.
3.13. Open valves and taps on pipelines smoothly, without jerking or great effort. Do not use hammers for these purposes. spanners and other items.
You need to fill the bucket no more than 2/3 of its volume, pouring first cold and then hot water.
3.14. When preparing cleaning and disinfecting solutions:
— use only detergents and disinfectants issued by the production manager or site foreman;
— do not exceed the established concentration and temperature (above 400 C) of cleaning solutions;
— do not exceed the concentration of disinfectants;
— do not allow spraying of detergents and disinfectants, as well as contact with the skin and mucous membranes;
- when preparing a cold solution of bleach, use a respirator, a gas mask with a filter box of the “B”, “VKF” brands against acid gases (chlorine), safety glasses and rubber gloves.
3.15. When using an acid solution to clean floors, wear rubber gloves to protect your hands from corrosion and safety glasses to prevent drops of the solution from getting into your eyes.
3.16. When using soda ash to wash the floor, the concentration of the solution should be prepared at the rate of 60 - 80 g per bucket (10 liters) of water.
3.17. When using a bleach solution in your work, the concentration of the solution should be prepared at the rate of 2 Deochlor tablets per bucket (10 liters) of water or 2 tablespoons of bleach per bucket (10 liters) of water. When preparing a bleach solution, be sure to use rubber gloves.
3.18. Floors should be washed using a mop (rag) and a bar. During the floor cleaning process, the mop should be rinsed in water several times. After rinsing the mop, it must be squeezed out. Washed floors should be wiped dry.
3.19. When washing the floor, you must put up a warning sign “Caution! Slippery" or other similar sign, thereby warning workers and visitors to the facility. After the floor has completely dried, the warning sign must be moved to the newly cleaned area, etc. After the floor has been washed and the last section has dried, the warning sign must be removed.
3.20. To avoid hitting glass display cases and other glass structures with a mop or mop, wash the floor parallel to (along) the glass surface, starting from the glass surface and moving towards the center of the room.
3.21. The surface of the tables should be wiped with a slightly damp cloth. Before cleaning the tables, make sure that there are no sharp objects on them, if there are such objects, collect them, and sweep the glass fragments with a brush into a dustpan. When moving from table to table, be careful not to catch dangling electrical or telephone wires.
3.22. Wash sinks and toilets hot water with soap and special cleaning solutions. You can also use a 10% bleach solution or soda solution. It is prohibited to clean washbasins and toilets with concentrated acids and alkalis.
3.23. Place garbage and waste in bags, do not leave it in aisles, corners or dark places, but promptly remove it from the premises to specially designated areas.
3.24. Disinfect waste baskets, toilet tanks, showers and dressing rooms only with rubber gloves.
3.25. When wiping bulky furniture or washing windows, use stable stepladders; do not work from random stands (stools, chairs, drawers, etc.) or stand on radiators.
3.26. When washing windows, check the strength of the frames and glass; work should be carried out standing on strong, wide window sills using a safety belt and a safety rope, which, with its free end, should be secured to the strong structures of the building. For narrow or fragile window sills, work from mobile scaffolds or stepladders.
3.27. Before using the safety belt, you should check that its length is adjusted and that it fits around your waist. The sling carabiner must provide quick and reliable fastening and have a safety device that prevents its accidental opening. Before starting work, check the belt for visible damage (cracks, tears, etc.).
3.28. When washing the outer glass of windows, it is forbidden to go out onto the window sill to avoid falling from the window.
3.29. Cleaning work at height should be carried out from ladders, sliding stepladders, wearing a safety belt with a safety rope, the free end of which must be secured to a solid structure inside the room. Cleaning equipment must be used at height in such a way that it cannot fall.
3.30. When carrying a ladder together, it should be carried with the tips backwards, warning those oncoming to be careful. When carrying a ladder by one cleaner, the ladder must be in an inclined position so that its front end is raised above the floor (ground) by at least 2 meters.
3.31. Before starting work on the stepladder, check:
— the presence and serviceability of a bowstring on the stepladder, as well as the serviceability of the upper platform and fence;
— stability of the stepladder. Make sure by inspection and testing that it cannot slip out of place or be accidentally moved.
3.32. To prevent the upper end of the ladder from moving, fasten it securely to a stable structure. If it is impossible to secure the ladder when installing it on a smooth floor, another worker wearing a helmet should stand at its base and hold the ladder in a stable position.
3.33. When working from a ladder in a busy area Vehicle or people (to prevent it from falling from accidental shocks), the place of its installation should be fenced or guarded.
3.34. Prohibited:
- work from the top two steps of a stepladder that do not have railings or stops;
- work from an extension ladder, standing on a step located at a distance of less than 1 m from its upper end;
- more than one person should be on the steps of a ladder or stepladder;
- lift and lower loads along a ladder and leave equipment on it;
- install a ladder (stepladder) on the steps of the staircase flights (if necessary, scaffolding should be built there).
3.35. When starting to clean the working area of operating mechanisms, machine tools, and electrical equipment, the cleaner must be careful and careful to ensure that there is no contact of the electrically conductive tool and cleaning aqueous solution with the body of the mechanism and its electrical wiring.
3.36. While passing or being near the equipment, it is prohibited to touch moving and rotating parts of the equipment, pipes and wires, and it is also prohibited to clean them wet.
3.37. The equipment itself can be cleaned after it has been disconnected from the power supply, i.e. complete blackout and after a complete stop of moving parts.
3.38. It is prohibited to stay near the equipment or machinery after the signal to start it has been given.
3.39. It is prohibited to unauthorizedly remove protective barriers, as well as posted warning signs.
3.40. When cleaning premises it is prohibited:
— sweep debris into hatches, openings, wells, etc.;
- remove garbage and compact it in a trash can (basket) directly with your hands;
— place cleaning material (rags) and any other items on the equipment;
— touch switches, electrical appliances, open and unprotected live parts of equipment, moving contacts (knives) of a switch, as well as bare wires and wires with damaged insulation with a rag or hands;
— carry out wet cleaning (wiping dust from) electric motors, electrical wiring, electric starting equipment, electrical panels and other objects under voltage;
- wipe chandeliers, shades, lampshades, electric lamps while standing on a stool, chair and other random stands;
- use faulty valves, taps, hoses;
- use water with a temperature above 400C for cleaning, as well as flammable and combustible substances (solvents, caustic soda, gasoline, etc.);
- wash and wipe windows in the presence of broken glass, weak and faulty frames, or standing at low tide on a window sill.
3.41. Wash your hands thoroughly with warm water and soap before eating and after finishing work.
3.42. It is necessary to beware of drafts and keep your feet dry. If you are sweating, do not go outside into the cold.
4. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS WHEN CLEANING AREAS WHERE USED SYRINGES ARE FOUND
4.1. If you find used syringes, you need to be extremely careful. Before removing the syringe, it is necessary to inspect the area where it is located for the presence of blood particles and the possibility of safely removing the syringe. If it is not possible to remove the syringe manually or there is a danger when cleaning the syringe manually, it is necessary to use a device or tool to grip and move it. Such devices can be: forceps; tweezers; rope and so on.
4.2. It must be remembered that cleaning syringes and the places where they were located is associated with the risk of contracting AIDS, viral hepatitis, and the main factor in the spread of these diseases is blood, urine and other secretions of the human body. Therefore, blood and body fluids should be considered potentially infectious.
4.3. Cleaning of used syringes is carried out only in special clothing and rubber gloves; all skin damage on the hands must be covered with an adhesive plaster or fingertip.
4.4. It is necessary to grasp the syringe only with a “protected” hand by the cylinder or piston. It is forbidden to take the syringe from the side of the needle or by the needle.
4.5. Having taken the syringe, it must be placed in a special container for collecting and temporarily storing used syringes. It is prohibited to place the household waste syringe in a garbage bag or trash can.
4.6. The place where the syringe was located must be cleaned only in special clothing and rubber gloves so as not to get caught or tear the gloves. Cleaning must be carried out using disinfectants.
4.7. Cleaning areas where syringes were previously located must be carried out in two stages:
— first stage, preliminary disinfection;
- second stage, washing with a detergent solution.
4.8. Preliminary disinfection is carried out with a solution of Deochlor (tablets) with an active chlorine concentration of 0.1%, by wiping the surfaces. Disinfection time is 30 minutes.
4.9. After disinfecting surfaces, they are washed with a cleaning solution for manual cleaning from the following components:
- hydrogen peroxide solution 3.0% - 160 ml, or 1 tablet of hydroperite per glass of water;
— detergent (“Progress”, “Aina”, “Astra”, “Lotus”) - 5 g;
— drinking water — 835 ml.
These components form a cleaning solution in a volume of 1 liter.
4.10. The cleaning solution can be used until it becomes contaminated (until a pink color appears, which indicates contamination of the solution with blood, which reduces the cleaning efficiency). A washing complex of hydrogen peroxide with synthetic detergents can be used within two days from the date of manufacture if the color of the solution has not changed. The unchanged solution can be heated up to 6 times; during the heating process, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide does not change.
4.11. After cleaning the syringe and the area where it was located, it is necessary to treat the rubber gloves and the instrument used for gripping and moving with disinfectant solutions. To prevent the spread of infectious diseases from blood particles that get on a glove or used instrument, they are disinfected by immersion in a 0.1% solution of Deochlor (tablets) or a 6% solution of hydrogen peroxide for 60 minutes.
4.12. If the skin is contaminated with blood, you should immediately treat it for 2 minutes with a swab heavily moistened with 70% alcohol, wash it under running water with soap and wipe it with an individual towel.
4.13. If blood gets on the mucous membranes of the eyes, they are washed with plenty of water; the nose is treated with a 1% solution of protargol; the mouth and throat are rinsed with 70° alcohol or a 1% solution of boric acid or a 0.05% solution of potassium permanganate.
4.14. In case of damage to the skin, the employee must immediately notify the immediate supervisor of the work. The wound must be washed with water and treated with tincture of iodine; emergency preventive measures must be taken for the injured person and medical supervision must be established for the injured person.
5. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS WHEN WORKING WITH CHEMICALS
5.1. The most common alkalis are bleach, caustic soda (used to clean sewer pipes), cleaning products (contain ammonia and phosphates), laundry detergents, dishwashing detergents (contain phosphates and carbonates).
5.2. Acids are found in anti-corrosion agents (hydrofluoric, oxalic), battery electrolytes (sulfuric), toilet cleaners (fluoric, phosphoric) and stone surface cleaners (fluoric, nitric).
5.3. Alkalis cause wet necrosis, which quickly spreads deep into the tissue, and acids cause dry necrosis. The risk of perforation of the esophagus and stomach with alkali poisoning is higher than with acid poisoning. In both cases, burns of the mouth, esophagus and stomach are possible. If there are no burns to the mouth, this does not exclude damage to the esophagus and stomach. In liquid form, acids and alkalis cause more superficial, often circular burns over a larger surface, and in solid form (for example, in tablets) they cause limited but deep burns. The degree of burn depends on the time of exposure, the amount and acidity (pH) of the substance exposed to exposed areas of the body (acids with a pH less than 2 and alkalis with a pH greater than 12 are especially dangerous).
5.4. Aspiration (inhalation) of acids and alkalis can lead to the development of lightning-fast tracheitis and bronchopneumonia. In severe cases, shock, metabolic acidosis (decreased blood pH and decreased plasma bicarbonate concentration), renal and liver failure are observed. Deep burns (especially extensive or circular) can lead to fibrosis (thickening of connective tissue with the appearance of scar changes in various organs) and other consequences.
5.5. Bleach powder - powder white or slightly colored, with the presence of lumps. It is not flammable, but is a strong oxidizing agent and, upon contact with organic products, can cause them to ignite. Explodes when interacting with petroleum products, upon impact or friction. Containers may explode when heated. In the event of heating due to decomposition, immediate measures must be taken to disperse the bleach.
5.6. Bleach dust and released chlorine have an irritating effect on the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract, as well as on the skin. Bleach is dangerous if inhaled, swallowed, or comes into contact with skin or mucous membranes.
5.7. The working concentration of bleach is calculated at the rate of 2 tablespoons per bucket (10 liters) of water.
5.8. When working with bleach, it is necessary to wear special clothing (suit, rubber gloves), to protect the respiratory system and eyesight - a filtering gas mask of brand “B” or “VKF” (or a respirator with impregnation) and safety glasses.
5.9. Chlorine tablets "Deochlor" are white tablets with a faint odor of chlorine, highly soluble in water.
5.10. In working concentrations, it does not have an irritating effect upon single contact with the skin, but irritates the skin upon repeated application. When irrigated with working solutions, it causes irritation to the respiratory system and mucous membranes of the eyes.
5.11. The working concentration of Deochlor is 0.015 – 0.045% (active chlorine), i.e. 2 tablets per bucket (10 liters) of water.
5.12. When working with a solution containing 0.015 - 0.06% active chlorine by wiping and immersion, it is necessary to use protective equipment - a suit, rubber gloves. With a solution containing 0.1% active chlorine (7 tablets per 10 liters of water) or more, in addition to a suit and rubber gloves, it is necessary to use respiratory protection (a respirator with a “B” or “VKF” filter). When working in irrigation mode, it is necessary to use safety glasses, a protective suit, rubber gloves, and a respirator with a “B” or “VKF” filter.
5.13. Universal detergent (cleanser) FMS-K (oak), FMS-K (zhd) is a concentrated liquid product of an acidic nature. Water soluble.
5.14. Depending on the degree of contamination, make a working solution of 15-200 ml of FMS-K (oak, railway) per 1000 ml (1 l) of warm water, temperature up to 400C.
5.15. Universal detergent (cleanser) FMS-Shch (Volga), FMS-Shch (air), FMS-Shch (railway), FMS-Shch (Goya) is a concentrated alkaline liquid product. Water soluble.
5.16. Depending on the degree of contamination, a working solution is made:
- from 15 to 200 ml of FMS-Shch (Volga), FMS-Shch (avia) per 1000 ml (1 l) of warm water, temperature up to 400C;
- from 5 to 200 ml of FMS-Shch (Goya) per 1000 ml (1 l) of warm water, temperature up to 400C;
- from 100 to 150 ml of FMS-Shch (water) per 1000 ml (1 l) of water, any temperature up to 400C.
5.17. When working with chemicals, safety precautions must be observed:
— work in protective clothing (suit);
- avoid contact of chemicals and solutions on open areas of the body, eyes and respiratory organs;
- work in protective glasses and rubber gloves;
— use respiratory protection (respirator, gas mask with a “B” or “VKF” filter);
— before work, lubricate your hands with protective cream;
— while working with chemicals, it is prohibited to drink, eat, or smoke;
- after work, rinse your mouth, wash your hands thoroughly with soap and lubricate with cream.
5.18. When preparing acid solutions, in order to avoid release, it is necessary to pour the acid into the water in a thin stream with continuous stirring. It is forbidden to pour water into the acid, as a violent reaction may occur with the release of acid.
5.19. When preparing alkali solutions, in order to avoid release, it is necessary to pour the alkali into the water in a thin stream with continuous stirring.
5.20. Solid alkalis should be dissolved by adding small pieces of the substance to water with continuous stirring. Take pieces of alkali only with tongs. Large pieces of caustic alkalis should be split into small pieces in a specially designated place, after first covering the broken pieces with a thick cloth.
5.21. Avoid spilling or spilling chemicals. If chemical materials spill or spill, take immediate action to clean up the spilled or spilled chemical.
5.22. Work on cleaning up spilled acid solutions should be carried out in overalls, rubber gloves, rubber boots, a gas mask with a “B” or “VKF” filter and safety glasses.
5.23. When pouring an acid solution, fill the area with sand or sawdust and collect it with the acid solution in a bucket with a metal scoop. After cleaning the main part of the acid solution, you need to wash the floor with water, and then with water and soda.
6. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS IN EMERGENCIES
6.1. ATTENTION!!! When cleaning premises, you need to be attentive to unattended packages, bags, boxes, etc. subjects. Do not touch or take suspicious items left behind, but report them to the immediate supervisor and administrator of the organization to report the find to the police and the organization’s security service.
6.2. In the event of an emergency, a danger to your health and the health of others, you should stop work, leave the danger zone and report the danger to your immediate supervisor, production manager.
6.3. If a fire occurs, you must leave the danger zone and report the danger to your immediate supervisor, production manager.
6.4. Actions of personnel to provide first aid in case of acute poisoning with chemicals:
- in case of poisoning by vapors of acids or alkalis, the victim needs air, rest, warmth;
- in case of poisoning of the body caused by ingestion of acids or alkalis, it is necessary to carry out repeated gastric lavage with water before the doctor arrives;
- if acid, alkali, or solvent gets into your eyes, you must immediately rinse them for 15-20 minutes with running water before going to the medical center;
6.5. If acid or alkali comes into contact with the skin, it is necessary to immediately neutralize the substance before going to the medical center. In case of acid damage, neutralize with a 2 - 4% solution of baking soda (a teaspoon per glass of water). If damaged by alkalis, neutralize with a 2 - 4% solution of boric acid (a teaspoon per glass of water) or acetic acid.
6.6. After treating (neutralizing) the affected area of the body, it is necessary to rinse it for 15-20 minutes with running water.
6.7. Drink warm milk, with butter or honey.
6.8. Go to the first aid station.
6.9. Small cuts, abrasions, pustules on the skin, scratches, cracks in the skin, you need to lubricate them with iodine or methyl violet (“green stuff”), available in the first aid kit.
6.10. If you have a speck in your eye, do not go home, do not try to remove it with your own hands, do not rub your eye, but go to a health center or clinic for help.
6.11. If you have a splinter in the skin that is difficult to remove, do not try to pull it out by picking the skin with a needle or pin, but go to a health center or clinic for help.
6.12. In the event of an accident at work, you must immediately:
— report this to your supervisor (foreman, foreman or production manager) for timely investigation, drawing up a report and taking measures against the recurrence of such cases;
— provide first aid;
- keep the scene of the incident unchanged;
- contact a medical facility.
6.13. Any emergency situation (injury to facility employees or visitors to the facility, third parties) that occurred at the facility must be reported to the work manager to prevent negative consequences and timely inform the company administration.
7. LABOR SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AFTER COMPLETION OF WORK
7.1. Clean used equipment and inventory from dirt, collect garbage and paper and take it to the designated place.
7.2. After cleaning up caustic chemicals and lubricating oils, remove contaminated rags from the premises to a specially designated place. Oily rags should be kept in a closed metal container.
7.3. Remove buckets, equipment and cleaning material to the designated area.
7.4. Place detergents and disinfectants in the designated area.
7.5. Wash your hands wearing rubber gloves with soap, wipe dry and remove gloves.
7.6. Take off overalls and personal protective equipment, put on outerwear.
7.7. Hand over your workplace to your immediate supervisor, reporting all malfunctions noticed during work and the measures taken to eliminate them.
7.8. Wash your hands and face with soap and water, rinse your mouth. Lubricate the skin of your hands with cream.
7.9. Do not leave bars of soap on the floor to prevent people from falling.
Thanks to Nikolai for the instructions provided! =)
Standards for cleaning premises are calculated by each organization independently based on the time standards for cleaning office and cultural premises, approved by Decree of the USSR State Labor Committee of December 29, 1990 No. 469. And although they were introduced temporarily until 1996 and were advisory in nature, due to In the absence of new standards, in practice these standards are adhered to. The collection of standards was prepared by the Central Bureau of Labor Standards (CBNT) of the USSR State Committee for Labor, now operating under the leadership of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation and located at the address: 109028, Moscow, st. 4th Parkovaya, 29.
To determine the cleaning standard using the collection standards, you need to keep the following in mind.
1. Time standards are intended for calculating time standards and determining the number of workers involved in cleaning office and cultural premises, and are recommended for use in institutions, organizations and enterprises, regardless of departmental subordination.
Service and cultural premises include: rooms for administrative and technical personnel and accounting and office workers of enterprises, institutions, public organizations, etc.; classrooms, laboratories and auditoriums, reading rooms of libraries, clubs, cinemas, etc.; exhibition halls; auditoriums clubs, cultural centers, cinemas, theaters, recreation centers; foyer, corridors, halls, staircases, toilets, washbasins.
2. The time for movement related to the performance of work is taken into account by the standards.
3. The development of time standards is based on photographic observations and the results of an analysis of labor organization.
Maintenance of the workplace includes the time for delivering cleaning products and devices to the place of work at the beginning of the shift and returning them at the end of it, receiving and handing over the shift, cleaning the workplace, receiving equipment, and replacing cleaning products.
4. Time standards for floor cleaning are set differently depending on the purpose of the room, method of cleaning, and how crowded the room is.
The occupancy coefficient is determined by the ratio of the area (in sq. m) occupied by objects located in premises for one purpose to the entire area of these premises.
Kz = Pp / P
where: Кз – occupancy factor;
Pp – area occupied by objects located in premises for one purpose, sq. m;
P – area of premises for one purpose, sq. m.
5. Time standards for transporting waste are set depending on the distance of movement to the storage location and the movement from floor to floor.
6. For cleaning work not listed in the collection, local standards are developed using the technical standardization method.
7. The limits of numerical values of factors given in the collection, in which “up to” is indicated, should be understood inclusively.
8. Time standards for cleaning soft sofas, armchairs, chairs, carpets and carpet runners are established taking into account the use of vacuum cleaners, the remaining standards are based on the use of hand-held devices.
9. Operating time for cleaning objects of one purpose is determined by the following formula:
top = t x V x q,
where: t – operating time standard per unit volume of work for cleaning one object, min.;
V – the number of cleaning objects of the same purpose in one room;
q – average frequency of cleaning per shift.
The frequency of cleaning is established by the administration based on the level of quality of cleaning that meets sanitary requirements. (The recommended frequency of performing basic cleaning work is given in Appendix No. 1 to the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Labor of December 29, 1990)
10. The time limit for cleaning a separate room according to the standards of this collection is calculated using the following formula:
NVR = SUM top (1 + aobs + aotl/100),
SUM top = top1 + top2 + topn + ... + topn,
where: SUM top – total operational time for cleaning objects for various purposes in one room, min.;
aobs – time for servicing a workplace, expressed as a percentage of the operational time;
aotl – time for rest and personal needs, expressed as a percentage of operational needs.
The total time limit for cleaning various office and cultural premises of the institution is determined by the formula:
SUM Hvr = Hvr1 + Hvr2 + ... + Hvrn.
If one worker is entrusted with servicing various premises, then the following condition must be met:
NVR1 + NVR2 + ... + NVRn TSM,
where: Нр1...n – standard time for cleaning a separate room, min.;
Tcm is the actual duration of the shift of those performing cleaning work, hour.
11. The number of workers present, calculated according to the standards, is determined by the formula:
Chya = SUM Nvr / Tsm, pers.
12. When introducing at enterprises, organizations and institutions a more advanced organization of work than is provided for by the standards, cleaning tools and devices should be developed and introduced in the prescribed manner, local progressive time standards.
13. If cleaning work is carried out by fewer workers than those calculated according to the standards of this collection, and the cleaning of premises complies with sanitation and hygiene standards, then the actual number of workers is maintained.
14. When rationing polishing and glass wiping work, it is recommended to use standard time standards for these types of work, approved by Resolution of the State Committee of Labor of the USSR and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of December 13, 1982 No. 298/20-1.
15. With the introduction of these time standards, the previously existing collection “Time standards for cleaning office and cultural premises” (Research Institute of Labor, 1987) is cancelled.
16. The time standards of this collection can be used when calculating complex time standards for a brigade form of labor organization based on Methodological recommendations on standardization of workers' labor in conditions of collective forms of its organization and stimulation (M.: “Economy”, 1987).
From the norms Labor Code of the Russian Federation and other labor regulations, it follows that a cleaner is not included in the list of workers who have a reduced working day. But in addition to legal norms, there are also customary norms in life, according to which a cleaner works as much time as is paid by the employer within fair and reasonable limits. In practice, the standard of service is determined by the employer based on the amount of remuneration and, as a rule, amounts to the amount of work performed by the office cleaner for 2 to 4 hours a day according to the agreed schedule. At the same time, the requirements established for a 1st category cleaner of industrial and office premises by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of November 10, 1992 No. 31 are also taken into account.
Characteristics of the work. Cleaning rooms, corridors, stairs. Removing dust from furniture, carpets, sweeping and washing manually or using machines and devices of walls, floors, stairs, windows, etc. Collection and transportation of garbage and waste to the designated location. Arranging trash cans, cleaning and disinfecting them. Cleaning and disinfection of showers, dressing rooms and other common areas. Preparation of cleaning and disinfecting solutions. Receiving detergents, equipment and cleaning materials. Compliance with sanitation and hygiene rules in cleaned areas.
Must know: sanitation and hygiene rules for maintaining cleaned areas; design and operating rules of serviced equipment and devices; cleaning rules; purpose and concentration of disinfectants and detergents; rules for operating sanitary equipment.
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