Detailed analysis of Tolstoy's story The Lion and the Dog. The moral idea in Leo Tolstoy’s story “The Lion and the Dog”
Dolganova Olga Pavlovna, teacher primary classes.
Lesson topic: L.N. Tolstoy “The Lion and the Dog.” True story.
Lesson objectives: Acquaintance with the work, revealing the main meaning.
Formation of reading skills, development analytical skills.
Fostering love for animals, the ability to empathize and be devoted.
Equipment: Textbooks “Native speech” 3rd grade, edited by L.F. Klimanova, exhibition of books by Leo Tolstoy, presentation.
During the classes:
I.Org. moment.
Let's start a literary reading lesson. ^ SLIDE No. 1.
II.Updating knowledge.
Which writer's work did we start studying?
Find a portrait of the writer among others. SLIDE No. 2
Name others. The works they wrote?
Name the works of Leo Tolstoy that you know.
^ III.D/Z check.
1) -Read the proverbs from the board, match them with the stories you have studied:
The father is proud that he has a brave son. (Shark)
It's fun for anyone, but it's not funny for me. (Bounce)
2) - Briefly retell the story “The Jump”.
Retell this story on behalf of the boy.
Name and briefly retell other stories of the writer.
3) -Today we will continue our acquaintance with the writer’s work and now we will hear
Report on the life of Tolstoy. (abstract by Sveta Ershova)
4) -L.N. Tolstoy, in his name Yasnaya Polyana near Tula, opened a school for peasant children, he himself was the author of textbooks and stories for them. ^ SLIDE No. 3 (school opening)
He wrote small but very instructive stories. They contained the so-called “Life Lessons for Children.” Let's read them and think about which life lesson from those listed is discussed in the story... SLIDE No. 4, 5,6 Who knows who the master is? (Jump, Fire, Filippok).
What motto will we choose for our lesson today? (From “Filippka”)
IV. Physical exercise.
V.Study new topic.
1) - We will start studying a new topic by solving riddles. ^ SLIDE No. 7 (riddles)
It is no coincidence that these riddles are about a lion and a dog, because the topic of our lesson is True Story. “The Lion and the Dog” SLIDE No. 8
2) -What do you think reality is? (This is a narrated event that really happened in life, it is not a fictional story.)
This story happened far away in Russia. Perhaps it was told to Tolstoy by one of the sailors who visited the port of London.
How many of you have been to the zoo? What do they feed the predator animals there?
So, before they were fed with stray animals.
3) - Let's open the textbook on page 160 and find out what happened.
4) -But first, let’s read the difficult words from the screen SLIDE No. 9 (Watch)
^ 5) - Let’s repeat, who is BARIN? (a rich man who has servants)
6) Reading to yourself.
7) Reading in a chain. Let’s read the text carefully, and then share our impressions.
8)Primary perception:
Did you like the story?
What is he like?
How did it make you feel?
Who were you sorry for?
^VI. Exercise for the eyes SLIDE №10
VII.Text analysis.
Read how the story begins?
Why does Lev Nikolaevich begin his story this way? (So that this never happens. He wants to teach us to love animals. In the story, people are ruthless, but the lion and the dog are kind.)
1) Work in pairs:
So, the lion and the dog met. Find how the meeting takes place, this is the 3rd red line, 3rd paragraph. Use a pencil to underline the action words of the dog and the lion. Name the words, i.e., the behavior of both when they meet^. SLIDE No. 11
2) Questions from the slide: SLIDE No. 12
Why didn't the lion immediately eat the dog like the others? (She was playful, affectionate, waving her tail, as if asking not to eat her.)
What connected the two animals? (Friendship, mutual understanding)
How was friendship expressed? (the lion shared the meat, slept together)
How did the king of beasts react to the owner’s attempt to return the dog? (bristled and growled)
How long did they live together?
What then happened to the dog?
How did the lion take the death of the dog? Read it.
Why didn't the lion accept the other dog?
How did the death of a friend affect the lion? (Dies, could not bear the loss of a friend)
^ 8VIII Conclusion from the story:
What did Tolstoy want to express with this short work? Let's draw a conclusion.
Tolstoy portrayed the lion as a person, showing how he experiences grief and loss. This shows devotion to the feeling of love for a friend^. SLIDE No. 13
What life lesson can we learn from the story? SLIDE No. 14
IX. Working with illustrations.
How is the lion drawn?
What can be added to the portrait of the “King of Beasts”? (he can be sensitive, kind, loyal)
X. Words of another great writer about love SLIDE No. 15.
What will happen to us if goodness, beauty, love - universal human values - disappear? (We will turn into evil, callous, ruthless)
XI Cover modeling. SLIDE No. 16
You are artists, what will the cover of your book be like?
Exhibition display.
XII.D/Z SLIDE No. 17
Municipal educational institution
"Grammar school № 5""
Saratov
Lesson summary
By literary reading
in 3rd grade
L.N. Tolstoy. Lion and dog
prepared
primary school teacher
Petrova Marina Vasilievna
Saratov
Lesson summary
in literary reading
Lesson topic: L.N. Tolstoy. Lion and dog.
The purpose of the lesson:
Develop an understanding of the word as a means of creation artistic image, a means of expressing the author's attitude.
To form a system of reading skills, teach stylistic analysis of text.
DURING THE CLASSES
1.Repetition of the covered material.
Today we continue to work with the works of the great writer L.N. Tolstoy.
Let's remember what genres we have already worked with in previous lessons.
What is reality?
2. Setting the goal of the lesson.
Today we will get acquainted with Tolstoy’s true story “The Lion and the Dog”.
Where can they meet? Can they wildlife meet? What feelings might arise between them? Why?
The story told by L.N. Tolstoy, happened a long time ago, in the distant city of London. Perhaps one of the sailors who visited the port of London told the writer about this true story. Who knows. But the fact is that “Little Tolstoy was very sensitive - when he listened to sad stories or saw, for example, a killed bird, he cried, and for this they called him “Leva-reva.” This trait - compassion, that is, the ability to feel the suffering of others, remained in him until the end of his life. We will see the theme of compassion in Tolstoy's new work.
Guys, probably all of you have been to the zoo?
– Has anyone seen how these animals are fed?
So, before, predators were often fed with stray animals. Listen to what happened in one of these zoos.
3. Primary perception.(Teacher reading.)
4. Checking primary perception.
What feelings did the story evoke? Did it excite you? (Supporting words on the board.)
What episodes excited you?
5. Staging educational task.
L.N. Tolstoy worked a lot on his works, carefully selecting every word.
Today we will learn to reflect on the author’s choice of words and the construction of sentences in order to more accurately and deeply understand the thoughts and feelings that the author put into his work.
6. Secondary perception and analysis of the text.
Read first paragraph.
What is the cruelty of people? How does Tolstoy show this? (Cats, dogs and money are equal. In the text, these words are connected with the conjunction “or”. If there is no money, then domestic animals, human friends, can be given to feed wild animals.)
Read second paragraph.
How did the person’s action make you feel?
What words characterize his behavior?
Choose a synonym for the word "grabbed."
Why did the author use this word, what shade of meaning is important to him? (Grabbed means he acted thoughtlessly, accidentally grabbed something that came to hand.)
Why is the word used in this sentence "Doggy" after all, the story is called “The Lion and the Dog” "? (The word “little dog” shows the disdainful attitude of the character in the story towards this dog; the title conveys the author’s attitude.)
I will read you the last sentence in this paragraph, changing it slightly. Follow the text, think about whether the change affects the meaning of the story? (The teacher reads: “And they took the little dog and threw it into a cage with a lion,” omitting the word “to be devoured.” It is important for the author to emphasize that people throw a living dog to be torn to pieces by a wild beast. If you remove the last words, the meaning of the work will change.)
Read description of the meeting of a lion and a dog.
Why is almost every sentence in this part written on a red line? (Each new sentence conveys another turn of action.)
This is how dialogue is usually formatted in writing - each line is written on a new line. We are reading a true story; in works of this genre, animals cannot talk. As in life, they communicate through movements and gestures. Let's try to decipher their behavior, find out what is behind each movement.
- “The little dog tucked its tail and pressed itself into the corner of the cage.” (She got scared and prepared to defend herself, pressing herself into a corner and protecting herself from behind.)
- “The lion came up to her and smelled her.” (This is a friendly gesture. The lion is not attacking, he wants to get to know her.)
- “The little dog lay down on its back, raised its paws and began wagging its tail.” (She understood the lion’s good intentions, and she herself trusted him, taking the most defenseless pose.)
- “The lion touched her with his paw and turned her over.” (Leo returned her to her previous position, as if saying: “I will not touch you.”)
- “The dog jumped up and stood on its hind legs in front of the lion.” (Thanked the lion.)
- “The lion looked at the dog, turned his head from side to side and did not touch it.” (The acquaintance took place. Leo accepted the dog.)
What feelings arose between the animals?
Read next two paragraphs.
How do a lion and a dog live? Why do you think so? (The lion took the dog under his protection: she sleeps with her head on his paw, which means she completely trusts him. But life is not fun for them: the lion sometimes plays with the dog. Life in a cage cannot be fun. “The dog has lived since thenin one cage with a lion, the lion did not touch her, ate food, slept with her, andSometimes played with her.")
Read next paragraph.
What new character appears in the story?
Why doesn't Tolstoy give him his own name? (This doesn’t matter. The main thing about this man is that he is the owner, he controls the life of the lion and the dog.)
A person feels like the master of a lion, but does the lion obey him? (Does not obey. The dog was thrown to the lion to be eaten, but he did not eat it. The owner gave the meat to the lion, and he tore off a piece and gave it to the dog.)
How are the master and the owner similar?
Why, when he saw his dog, did he only think that she was his own, why didn’t he say that he loved her and missed her? Why did Tolstoy introduce this episode into the story? (The master, like the owner, does not have his own name, because the main thing is not his personal qualities, but that he is a dog owner. The owner and master quickly understood each other; for them, property is most important. Tolstoy emphasizes that people and the lion perceive the dog differently: for people it is property that should belong to the owner, for the lion it is a friend who cannot be given away.)
Why doesn't the story say anything about how the dog reacted to the master's appearance? (The dog stopped trusting people. The author emphasizes this by omitting the description of her reaction to the master’s appearance.)
Read following sentence.
Why do you think the story of a whole year of life fits into one sentence? (Life in a cage is uneventful.)
Read story to the end.
How did the lion behave when he realized that the dog was dead? Read it.
Why did he “start gnawing on the bolts and the floor”? (The lion had not obeyed his master for a long time, but he truly rebelled only now, having experienced the death of his friend. He realized that he could no longer remain in the cage, he was trying to break free, but could not do it.)
For the first time, the owner’s attitude towards the lion shows concern: “The owner thought that the lion would forget his grief...” How did the owner try to help the lion? Read it.
How do these lines characterize the owner and the lion? (For the owner, everything in life is interchangeable: one dog can be replaced by another. This time the owner does not throw another dog into the cage so that the lion will eat it, but the lion does not accept the other dog, because for him this is tantamount to betraying his friend. The lion again does not obey the owner.)
We watched how throughout the entire story the lion fought a duel with its owner; he never once obeyed him. But the lion does not have enough strength to escape from the cage. Who is the winner in this fight? Read it. (The lion wins. He nevertheless leaves the power of the owner, being unable to escape from the cage, he chooses another path - death. For five days he refused food. “On the sixth day the lion died.” Tolstoy puts this sentence in a separate paragraph, giving it special significance. Leo chose freedom, although at the cost of his life. But in order to make such a choice, he had to survive the death of the dog.)
7. Generalization.
Now that we have re-read the story, reflecting on the author’s choice of words, let’s try to formulate what questions, what problems does Tolstoy pose in his story? (1. People have no right to control the fate of animals 2. The behavior of a lion is an example to people. A lesson in kindness and devotion.)
Everything good on Earth comes from the Sun, everything good comes from Man. -Read the story expressively, trying to convey the author’s position in your reading.
8. Lesson summary.
What did you learn in class today? What text analysis technique helped you understand the story more deeply?
I often think: writers write works with sad endings, directors make sad films, and composers write sad music. For what? (So that the work stirs up as much as possible more feelings in people. Such works teach us empathy, compassion, kindness.)
9. Homework.-Prepare an expressive reading of the story.-I suggest you take the role of a writer. Change the ending of this sad story.
List of used literature
1. Voyushina M.P. Studying literature in second grade. – St. Petersburg: Papyrus, 2003.
In London they showed wild animals and for viewing they took money or dogs and cats to feed the wild animals.
One man wanted to see the animals: he grabbed a little dog on the street and brought it to the menagerie. They let him in to watch, but they took the little dog and threw him into a cage with a lion to be eaten.
The little dog tucked its tail and pressed itself into the corner of the cage. The lion came up to her and smelled her.
The little dog lay down on its back, raised its paws and began wagging its tail.
The lion touched it with his paw and turned it over.
The dog jumped up and stood on its hind legs in front of the lion.
The lion looked at the dog, turned his head from side to side and did not touch it.
When the owner threw meat to the lion, the lion tore off a piece and left it for the dog.
In the evening, when the lion went to bed, the dog lay down next to him and put her head on his paw.
Since then, the dog lived in the same cage with the lion, the lion did not touch her, ate food, slept with her, and sometimes played with her.
One day the master came to the menagerie and recognized his dog; he said that the dog was his own, and asked the owner of the menagerie to give it to him. The owner wanted to give it back, but as soon as they began to call the dog to take it from the cage, the lion bristled and growled.
So the lion and the dog lived for a whole year in the same cage.
A year later the dog got sick and died. The lion stopped eating, but kept sniffing, licking the dog and touching it with his paw.
When he realized that she was dead, he suddenly jumped up, bristled, began to whip his tail on the sides, rushed to the wall of the cage and began to gnaw at the bolts and the floor.
All day long he struggled, thrashed about in the cage and roared, then he lay down next to the dead dog and fell silent. The owner wanted to take away the dead dog, but the lion would not let anyone near it.
The owner thought that the lion would forget his grief if he was given another dog, and let a live dog into his cage; but the lion immediately tore it into pieces. Then he hugged the dead dog with his paws and lay there for five days.
On the sixth day the lion died.
LITERARY READING LESSON ON THE TOPIC:
“Moral conflict in Leo Tolstoy’s work “The Lion and the Dog”
Lesson type: Discovery.Subject: The character of the hero, his portrait, action. Moral conflict.
L.N. Tolstoy “The Lion and the Dog”
Planned results (UPD) for this lesson:
Personal UUD:
The student will have the following:
emotional responsiveness to life events, the ability to empathize with a person, “our smaller brothers”;
the ability to understand moral concepts and moral standards, such as support, understanding, mutual assistance, mercy, honesty, hard work, friendship, conscience;
the ability to express one’s emotional attitude to the content of what is read (oral statements about the characters and the problems being discussed).
The student will have the opportunity to form:
the ability to realize one’s family identity, inclusion in the world of the classroom, school;
the ability to recognize oneself as a personal unit with the need to “comprehend life” and one’s place in it;
ideas about the depth and diversity of a person’s inner world;
responsibility for one’s business, concepts of friendship, loyalty, collectivism;
motivation for self-expression in reading, drawing and gaming activities;
striving for success in educational activities.
Regulatory UUD:
The student will learn:
change the position of listener, reader, viewer depending on the learning task;
navigate the accepted system of educational signs;
adopt an algorithm for completing a learning task;
carry out educational activities in oral, written speech, internally and evaluate them.
work in accordance with the algorithm and control the stages of your work;
participate in the discussion of the plan for completing tasks, adjust its implementation, exercise self-control, evaluate the results of their work, independently work with teaching aids.
Cognitive UUD:
find the answer to a given question in the text;
navigate the contents of the textbook;
Summarize and classify educational material; formulate simple conclusions.
The student will have the opportunity to learn:
Understand the information contained in the expressive means of the work;
Select definition words to describe the characters;
Recognize the role of the title of the work;
Perform an initial analysis of a literary text.
Communication UUD:
The student will learn:
fulfill the need to communicate with peers;
show interest in communication and group work;
engage in expressive reading;
The student will have the opportunity to learn:
Understand contextual speech of adults;
Emotionally perceive the content of the interlocutor’s statements;
Express value judgments, reason, prove your position;
Respect the opinions of your interlocutors;
Correct the actions of comrades, understand the information embedded in expressive means works.
Subject results:
Conscious perception of the content of the text, assessment of its character;
Orientation in the moral content of what is read, awareness of the essence of the characters’ behavior;
Participation in discussion (dialogue, polylogue) of the listened and read work;
Mastering the skills of conscious, correct, expressive reading;
Expanding ideas about the works of Leo Tolstoy.
Possible types student activities:
Answer questions about the content of the literary text;
Characterize the features of the listened work, describe the characters;
Define main idea works, understand the diversity artistic means expressions of the author's attitude towards the depicted;
Compare your answers with those of your classmates and participate in dialogue.
Equipment:
Textbook “Literary reading”, 2nd grade, V.Yu.Sviridova.
Presentation for the lesson
Application cards 1,2.
Plan - lesson summary.
Org. moment. Let's start a literary reading lesson. What do you guys think, why do we need these lessons? Today we will once again explore the mysteries of literature and develop our senses.
Updating knowledge. I suggest playing the game “Third is the odd man out” SLIDES 2-4
SLIDE 2- an extra word “true”, because the action actually happens
SLIDE 3- extra surname - L. Tolstoy, because Yesenin and Pivovarova - poets
SLIDE 4- an extra work “The Lion and the Dog”, because we don't know him yet. This work was also written by L. Tolstoy. Show his portrait.
SLIDE 5
Formulating the topic of the lesson. Now use the “extra” words to create the topic of the lesson. SLIDE 6
Repetition of what has been learned. What do you know about L. Tolstoy?
Problematic situation.- Can you tell by the title who this story is about?
What contradiction is observed already in the title of the story?
(The lion is a large predatory animal, and the dog is small.)
What is this story about?
(You cannot answer; to do this you need to read the story, analyze the actions and behavior of the characters, find out their character.)
SLIDE 7 The epigraph of the lesson will be the following words: “Secrets will be revealed to a sensitive heart.” How do you understand them? What does “sensitive heart” mean?
As a child, L. Tolstoy was called “Leva-reva”. Why? He, listening to pitiful stories about animal people, cried because he accepted their pain and grief as his own, and suffered with them. What is this feeling called? COMPASSION
Initial acquaintance with the text. AUDIO listening to the story.
What feelings did you have?
What episodes awakened these feelings in you?
Analysis of the work.
READING OUT LOUD the story by children “in a chain”.
How did the dog get into the cage?
What did she experience? Find in the text
Why didn't the lion eat her?
When did the dog realize that the lion would touch her? What is this feeling called on the part of a lion? CARE SLIDE 8 - animation 1
Did the dog stop being afraid of the lion and trust him? Prove
What is this feeling on the part of the dog called? CONFIDENCE SLIDE 8
- animation 2
Can we say that care and trust have grown into FRIENDSHIP between animals? SLIDE 8 - animation 3-5
Prove it.
What feeling did the lion have after the death of the dog? How did he behave?
Why did the lion tear apart the other dog? SLIDE 8 - animation 6
DEVOTION
Why did the lion die?
Solving a problem situation.
SO WHAT MORAL CONTRADICTION DID YOU NOTICE IN THE STORY?
Reproduction of previously acquired knowledge. Plot modeling - work in groups.
Now I will give you sentences from the text, cut into 2 parts. You need to connect them and arrange them in order of action. APPENDIX1 Checking - SLIDE 9
Check of knowledge. Now let's test your knowledge about L. Tolstoy and your attentiveness when getting acquainted with a new work. Let's conduct a test game “Yes or no?”
If there are 10 correct answers - mark “5”,
8 or 9 correct answers - mark “4”,
4-7 correct answers - mark “3”.
L. Tolstoy was a poet? NO
Was his estate called “Yasnaya Polyana”? YES
Did L. Tolstoy open schools in the city? NO
Is it true that L. Tolstoy created the ABC? YES
- “The Lion and the Dog” - is it true? YES
Were wild animals shown in Moscow? NO
Did the dog run into the lion's cage on its own? NO
Did the lion and the dog live in a cage for a whole year? YES
The lion died 6 days after the death of the dog? YES
Leo died of illness? NO
Reflection. Lesson summary. - Why do they create sad works? (to develop a sense of compassion, kindness).
- WHAT IS THIS WORK ABOUT? WHAT DOES IT TEACH?
13. Additional material - Many songs and poems have been written about the loyalty of animals. Read Igor Khavronichev’s poem “On the Loyalty of Animals” ( APPENDIX 2) Prepare for expressive reading.
- What does it mean to “read expressively”?
Listen and analyze 2-3 students
14. - D.Z.- optional - retelling a story or a poem by heart.
15. MARKS based on the test results.
I WISH YOU TO HAVE A KIND, SENSITIVE HEART
AND TRUE FRIENDS!
ANNEX 1
Wild animals were shown in London
and for watching they took money or dogs and cats to feed wild animals.
They let him watch
and they took the little dog and threw it into the lion’s cage to be eaten.
In the evening, when the lion went to bed,
the dog lay down next to him and put its head on his paw.
In a year
the dog got sick and died.
The owner wanted to take away the dead dog,
but the lion did not let anyone near her.
On the sixth
day the lion died.
"On Animal Loyalty"
In the animal world everything is not the same as in humans,
Of all the laws they know only the code of honor,
If together - to the end, and only together,
They won’t betray you, they won’t come up with crazy ideas.
Although we are stronger and there is no special flattery in this,
And our mind is always richer than theirs,
But in the most severe cold for two,
They will find warmth in their mighty fur!
Sometimes I just want to hug you tighter,
Such a faithful and devoted friend!
Animals do not betray each other!
We must respect them for their loyalty!
(6)
Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy, the author of a large number of short stories, novels, and novels, also wrote works for children. Many of his stories, simple and truthful, were included in “ABC” - a book written specifically for teaching peasant children.
“The Lion and the Dog” is an unusually touching and sad story about the friendship of two animals. Evil and cruel people threw a small defenseless dog into a lion's cage to be devoured. However, the lion, always wild, strong, cruel, did not touch her. He was caring and attentive with the dog: “The lion did not touch her, ate food, slept with her, and sometimes played with her.” A year later the dog died. The grief of the lion, who “beat, rushed about in the cage and roared, then lay down next to the dead dog and fell silent,” is amazing.”
The lion's attachment to the dog was so strong that he tore the other dog apart and died a few days later. Tolstoy is very brief in telling this story. He does not describe the feelings of the characters, his impressions and attitude to what is happening. But this story cannot leave anyone indifferent. It is as if we feel the suffering of a lonely lion. The truthfulness of the author, who does not embellish anything or soften the events taking place, only enhances the impression. This is a story about devotion and fidelity. After reading it, you feel sadness, sadness and admiration.
- What documents should an individual entrepreneur have?
- Accounting for individual entrepreneurs - rules and features of independent reporting under different tax regimes Primary documentation for individual entrepreneurs
- Accounting for individual entrepreneurs: features of accounting in individual entrepreneurs?
- How to privatize an apartment, everything about privatization List of documents for privatization of an apartment