List of nations of the world by population. The largest nations of the world in faces
All humanity on Earth is usually divided into races. There are four main races: Caucasoid, Mongoloid, Negroid and Australoid. Representatives of the Caucasoid race inhabit Eastern and Western, representatives of the Mongoloid race are most often found in, Negroids inhabit, and Australoids are settled in southeast Asia and Australia. The presence of Caucasians in the North is associated with their resettlement during the era of colonial conquests. Negroids in North and South America appeared during the era of the slave system, when they were brought here to work on plantations.
It is wrong to think that the entire population of the world belongs to these races. They make up only 70% of the total, and the other 30% are racial groups that arose as a result of the mixing of these four races. Racial mixing was especially intense in North and South America. As a result of marriages between representatives of different races, groups such as mulattoes, mestizo and sambo arose. Descendants from marriages of Caucasians with Indians belonging to Mongoloid race, are called mestizos. Mulattos arose when Caucasians mixed with Negroids brought from Africa. As a result of marriages of Negroids with Indians (Mongoloids), sambo groups were formed.
Within races, smaller groups are distinguished: tribes, nationalities, nations. IN modern world There are 3-4 thousand different peoples. The number of each of them is different. For example, the Chinese, of whom there are already more than 1.1 billion, and the Vedda tribe, whose number is less than 1000 people. The bulk of the world's population is still made up of large nations.
As a rule, the community of each ethnic group is characterized by a combination of a large number of characteristics, the main of which are territory, features of life, culture, and language. The classification of different peoples by language is based on the principle of their kinship. Languages are united into language families, and these in turn are divided into language groups. The most widespread of all language families is Indo-European. About half of all peoples in the world speak languages of this family. Of the languages of the Indo-European family, the most common are English (425 million people), Hindi (350 million people), Spanish (340 million people), Russian (290 million people), Bengali (185 million people), Portuguese (175 million people), German (120 million people), French (129 million people).
The second significant language family is the Sino-Tibetan family, whose main language is Chinese (over 1 billion people). The Chinese language has several main dialects, the differences between which are so great that when speaking, residents of the northern and southern provinces have difficulty understanding each other. To explain, they use a single written language, which has 50 thousand characters. Each Chinese character is pronounced in a specific musical tone. Depending on the tone, many words pronounced using the same sounds can have completely different meanings.
The wide distribution of Chinese and Russian languages is explained by the significant territory of these states. But why are English and Spanish so common? Their wide distribution, sharply exceeding the population of the island itself, is explained by the colonial past of the countries of Asia, Africa and. Thus, the official language of some is still English language, and almost everyone (except ) speaks Spanish.
National criteria underlie the division of humanity into states. If national borders coincide with state borders, then a single-national state is created. This is about half. In them, the main nationality is over 90%. This is many states Latin America. Sometimes a state is created by two nations. This , . Along with all these countries, there are many states that are multinational. This , . Up to a hundred peoples live in such countries, and very often such a state has a federal structure.
In many multinational states there are problems of interethnic relations, which are very acute in many regions of the world and from time to time give rise to hot spots on our planet, which often leads to serious consequences in economic and social life.
In the modern world, there are still manifestations of nationalism, which is characterized by the idea of the national superiority of any people. Neither race nor nationality has been completely eliminated. Thus, for many years, conflicts in Canada have not subsided between the English-Canadians, who occupy key positions in the economy, and the French-Canadians, who feel their social and economic disadvantage and advocate the creation of an independent state; For several years, the Middle Eastern hotbed of tension associated with the Arab confrontation and which gave rise to the problem of Palestinian refugees has not subsided. There are also “hot spots” in Europe: the Turkish-Greek conflict in Russia, which actually led to the division of this country. There are also “hot spots” associated with national conflicts in the republics of the former USSR.
The most acute national conflicts occur in Russia, where the policy of discrimination was elevated to the rank of state policy until the early 90s.
At the end of the 80s, interethnic relations became very complicated and in Eastern Europe. These include, in particular:
a) the desire of the Polish national minority (this is approximately 260 thousand people, or 8% of the country’s population) to create their own autonomy;
e) the collapse of Yugoslavia.
It is quite obvious that without solving these and other similar problems it is difficult to develop normal relations between countries.
Largest language families in the world
Group | Peoples |
---|---|
Indo-European family |
|
German | Germans, Dutch, Swedes, Danes, English, Scots, Americans, etc. |
Slavic | Russians, Belarusians, Czechs, Slovaks, |
Romanskaya | , French, Spanish, Catalans, Romanians, Chileans, Brazilians and others |
Celtic | , Welsh, etc. |
Lithuanians, | |
Greek | Greeks |
Albanian | |
Armenian | Armenians |
Iranian | Persians, Pashtuns, Hazaras, Balochis, etc. |
Chinese | Chinese, Hui |
Tibeto-Burman | Tibetans, Burmese, Newars, Kanauri, Karens, etc. |
Group | Peoples |
Afroasiatic (Semitic-Hamitic) family |
|
Semitic | Arabs, Amhara, Tigre, Taghray |
Cushitic | , galla, etc. |
Berber | Tuaregs, Kabyles, etc. |
Chadian | Hausa |
Altai family |
|
Turkic | Tatars, Chuvashs, |
For me, as for many, it is no secret that the largest number of people live in China. However, I got to thinking: are the Chinese the largest people? Perhaps the country is multinational, and the share of Chinese is modest and inferior to neighboring Hindustani?
Largest nations of the world
Large nations are those that number more than 1 million people. Today there are just over 300 known such peoples. If you put them together, you get about 96% of the total population of the planet. I won’t talk about everything, but I’ll name the top five by number:
- Chinese (1,294 million, concentrated in East Asia).
- Hindustani (1,041 million, concentrated in South Asia).
- Bengalis (288 million, concentrated in South Asia).
- Americans (USA) (217 million, concentrated in Anglo-America (USA)).
- Brazilians (175 million, concentrated in Latin America).
![](https://i1.wp.com/s2.travelask.ru/system/images/files/000/407/545/wysiwyg/%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_2_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg)
Chinese (Han)
It is worth clarifying that we are talking about the Han people. By “Chinese” we most often mean all the peoples of China. So it is the Han who are the leaders in numbers in the world. In fact, almost every fifth person on the planet is a member of the Han people. In their native China they account for 92%. This ethnic group also dominates in the Republic of China (98%), Hong Kong (95%), Macau (92%), Singapore (76.8%), and Taiwan (98%). In general, 81% of Huaqiao live in Asia. The remaining representatives of the nationality are located in North America (14.51%), in Europe (2.6%), in Oceania (1.5%) and even in Africa, specifically in South Africa (0.3%).
![](https://i0.wp.com/s2.travelask.ru/system/images/files/000/407/553/wysiwyg/%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_3_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg)
Hindustani
The Chinese are from China, and where are the Hindustanis from? From Hindustan? I have not heard of such a country. In fact, this nationality is Hindi-speaking Indians. This is the largest population of India. The people settled in Asia quite compactly: India, Pakistan, Nepal.
![](https://i0.wp.com/s2.travelask.ru/system/images/files/000/407/565/wysiwyg/%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_4_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg)
Bengalis
The same question with the Bengalis as with the Hindustanis: where are they from? The people make up the main population of Indian states such as Tripura and West Bengal, in the Ganges delta, as well as Bangladesh. Representatives of Bengalis live in Nepal, Myanmar, Bhutan, Singapore, Pakistan, USA, UK and other countries.
Planet Earth is a multinational community, inhabited by a large number of different nationalities. How many peoples live in the world? Surely every person has asked a similar question at least once in his life. At the same time, the exact answer is practically unknown, since even historians find it difficult to give exact figures. In Russia alone there are more than 1194 nationalities, and if we take into account how many peoples are in the CIS countries, then the number will be several times larger.
General classification of nationalities
Most people are interested in a quantitative indicator, but if you collect all the data on how many peoples exist, the list can turn out to be almost endless. Most often the association different nations into groups occurs either according to species characteristics, or according to the language spoken by one or another group, or according to the territory of residence.
Sometimes division into groups can occur in accordance with cultural traditions and foundations
In total, there are 20 language families on the planet, which include different peoples.
In 2016, the largest language families were the following 4 groups:
- Indo-European. In total, this group includes 150 nations, which are located in Asia and Europe. The total population of this group is 2.8 billion people.
- Sino-Tibetan. This group includes the entire population of China and neighboring countries that share common language and culture. In total, there are almost 1.5 billion people in this group.
- Afro-Asian. A language family that includes the peoples of South-West Asia and North Africa.
- Niger-Kordofanian. The remaining peoples inhabiting the African continent, including the regions of Central and Southern Africa.
The largest nations of the world
Over the entire history of existence on Earth, a large number of nationalities have emerged
Some of the nationalities are small by historical standards and number no more than a million people (there are only 330 peoples). There are numerous ones where the number of people exceeds 100 million. There are only 11 such nationalities:
- Chinese. The top spot is occupied by the Chinese, who number 1 billion 17 million people on the planet.
- Hindustani. In second place are the Indian nationalities, which number 265 million people.
- Bengalis. Their number is 225 million.
- Americans. There are more than 200 million people in the United States.
- Brazilians. There are 175 million indigenous people living in Brazil.
- Russians. If we talk about how many Slavic peoples there are, then we can note the number of Russians, who form a large group and number 140 million.
- Japanese. Despite the limited territory of the islands, their population numbers 125 million people.
- Punjabis. Another Indian nationality, numbering 115 million people.
- Biharis. A people also living in India and numbering 115 million.
- Mexicans. There are 105 million of them worldwide.
- Javanese. The last of 11 large nationalities, which number 105 million people.
Let's sum it up
When talking about the concept of “people”, it is very difficult to achieve a unified interpretation.
Also, do not forget that the planet is home to several endangered peoples, some of which number only 280 people. In any case, each nationality is original and unique.
Video on the topic
Do you know how many peoples there are in the world? Probably, few people will be able to accurately answer this question, even among scientists and historians. In Russia alone there are 194 nations of the world (the list goes on and on). All people on Earth are completely different, and this is the biggest advantage.
General classification
Of course, everyone is interested in quantitative data. If you collect all the peoples of the world, the list will be endless. It is much easier to classify them according to certain characteristics. First of all, this is done depending on what language people speak within the same territory or within the same cultural traditions. An even more general category is language families.
![](https://i1.wp.com/fb.ru/misc/i/gallery/39464/1154112.jpg)
Preserved through the centuries
Every nation, no matter what its history, tries with all possible forces to prove that their ancestors built the Tower of Babel. It is flattering for everyone to think that he or she belongs to those roots that go back to distant, distant times. But there are ancient peoples of the world (the list is attached), whose prehistoric origin is beyond doubt.
![](https://i0.wp.com/fb.ru/misc/i/gallery/39464/1154111.jpg)
Largest nations
There are many large nations on Earth that have the same historical roots. For example, there are 330 nations in the world, numbering a million people each. But there are only eleven of those with more than 100 million people (each). Consider the list of peoples of the world by number:
- Chinese - 1.17 million people.
- Hindustani - 265 million people.
- Bengalis - 225 million people.
- Americans (USA) - 200 million people.
- Brazilians - 175 million people.
- Russians - 140 million people.
- Japanese - 125 million people.
- Punjabis - 115 million people.
- Biharis - 115 million people.
- Mexicans - 105 million people.
- Javanese - 105 million people.
Unity in diversity
Another classification characteristic that allows us to distinguish between the world’s population is threefold: Caucasoid, Mongoloid and Negroid. Some Western historians distinguish a little more, but these races still became derivatives of the three main ones.
In the modern world there are a large number of contact races. This led to the emergence of new peoples of the world. The list has not yet been provided by scientists, because no one has worked on an exact classification. Here are some examples. The Ural group of peoples originated from the mixing of some branches of northern Caucasoids and northern Mongoloids. The entire population of southern island Asia arose as a result of the kinship of Mongoloids and Australoids.
Endangered ethnic groups
There are nations of the world on Earth (the list is attached), the number of which amounts to several hundred people. These are endangered ethnic groups who are trying to preserve their identity.
![](https://i1.wp.com/fb.ru/misc/i/gallery/39464/1154113.jpg)
conclusions
Can be interpreted in different ways. Some will argue that this population is within the state, others will insist that it does not matter where people live, the main thing is that they are united by some common features, defining their belonging to the same historical sources. Still others will believe that a people is an ethnic group that has existed for centuries, but has faded over the years. In any case, all people on Earth are very diverse and studying them is a pleasure.
There are several hundred peoples on our planet. Everyone has different customs and language. Some don't have a written language. There are peoples whose civilization has reached unprecedented heights. And there are some that are quite primitive. The same gesture can have opposite meanings in different cultures. The science that studies peoples is called ethnography.
In addition to Russia, which has more than 190 nationalities, including 150 million Russians, about four hundred more peoples live on the globe. And if we count small nationalities and ethnic groups, we get about five and a half thousand. Among the most numerous are fourteen nations.
- The list is headed by the Chinese, 1320 million of them. Among them, 92% are Han, the rest are Zhuang and Huizu.
- The second largest number are Arabs. There are 330 million of them.
- Third place is occupied by Americans, that is, residents of the United States. There are 317 million of them. Although they all come from other countries, the signs of a nation allow them to be considered an ethnic group.
- The fourth largest number of Hindustanis is 265 million. Their language is Hindi and they live in India, Nepal and Pakistan.
- Bengals - 250.
- Brazilians (a people made up of several nations living in Brazil) - 197.
- Mexicans (by and large these are the nationalities of Mexico) - 148.
- Japanese - 132.
- Punjabis inhabiting the state of Punjab in India - 130.
- Biharis, residents of the Indian state of Bihar - 115.
- Javanese living on the island of Java and Indonesia - 105.
- Thais - 90.
- Koreans - 83.
- Marathas (another Indian people) - 83.
Who lives in Europe
Speaking about the peoples of other countries of the world, let's not forget about Europe. It is not customary here to have large families, so the numbers will be more modest. But in terms of cultural traditions, customs and literature, all nationalities are of great interest. Now let's list the most numerous nations foreign Europe(in millions of people):
- Germans - 82.
- French - 65.
- Italians - 59.
- British - 58.
- Poles - 47.
- Spaniards - 46.
- Ukrainians - 45.
- Gypsies - 5.
- Jews - 2.
Many Europeans do not live in Europe; they are not included in this list. There are also no migrants - predominantly Asian peoples who have settled here but are not native residents. As a result of mixed marriages and cultures, new nationalities are gradually formed.
Families of Nations
Many peoples have a similar language, which is due to their kinship. To define a group of linguistically diverse people, the term "language family" was coined. There are several of them, and the most common is Indo-European. Half of the globe speaks its languages. It consists of several groups.
Romance, Germanic and Slavic are the most numerous. All European peoples, as well as Mexicans, Brazilians and other Latin Americans belong to this family. Greeks, Armenians and descendants of the Persians are also included in it.
There are also Chinese, Semitic-Hamitic, Niger-Kordofanian, Austronesian, Ural and Caucasian families. For our country, the Ural, Altai and Caucasian regions are of greatest interest. The fact is that the peoples included in them are considered Russian in other countries. In America, for example, that’s what they say: Russian Mari, Abkhazian, Tatar. And besides, these nationalities know the Russian language well.
Peoples of the Caucasus
The Bible's message that the ark settled in the Ararat Mountains after the Flood is of interest not only to scientists. Armenians have long considered themselves descendants of Noah and trace their ancestry back to Japheth, his son. Now the Caucasus is inhabited by dozens of peoples. According to various sources, there are from 50 to 62 of them. Caucasians differ from the peoples of other countries of the world in their hospitality, songs, dances and cuisine.
Georgians and Adjarians represent the Georgian group. Georgian wines can be used to study the geography of this country: grape varieties are named according to the areas where they are grown. Georgians sing beautifully in different voices. Every Caucasian has a Lezginka in his blood, and all nationalities have their own. Abkhazians, neighbors of Georgians, live by the sea. Kabardians, Circassians and Adygs are in the mountains. Chechens and Ingush live next to them.
Some small nations no longer exist, the last carrier of the language and culture dies, and the memory of the people remains only in books. Therefore, it is important to get acquainted with the culture of the Caucasian inhabitants.
Turkic peoples
One of the groups of the Altai language family is Turkic. It includes the Tatar people. A dozen and a half nationalities related to him make up a fairly large number. In addition to the Bashkirs and Chuvash living next to the Tatar people, this group includes residents of the former southern Soviet republics. These are Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, Uzbeks, Turkmens and Azerbaijanis. Moreover, the Turks are also members of this family.
Some phrases expressing greetings, wishes for peace, health to the family, well-being to children sound very similar in these nations. It is common among Turkic peoples to have large families; women are largely dependent on men. Children are polite to adults.
Gestures that are innocent in one part of the world become unacceptable in another.
- The fig gesture can be shown in Brazil - there they consider it a wish for good luck. But the same thing in Arab countries is a serious insult.
- Head movements, which in Russia mean no and nod means yes, are exactly the opposite in Bulgaria and Greece.
- In Buddhist culture, the crown is considered an important place of the body, and stroking a child's head can be perceived as aggression.
- The thumbs up gesture, which is used to vote on the road in Europe and America, is better not done in Iran - it is a sexual insult.
- Scratching the chin is an offensive gesture in France.
- Almost everywhere in Asia and Africa, eating with your left hand or passing objects and money is unacceptable. It is believed that Satan was left-handed.
Tourists should get acquainted with the customs of peoples before going on vacation. How to avoid making a mistake:
- In Kenya, it is customary for a man to dress in women's clothing after marriage and do housework for a month. It is believed that this will make him appreciate his wife more.
- The Chinese love it when people give them artificial flowers rather than real ones. And the living are considered a symbol of death.
- In Thailand, they use a fork in an original way. It is used to put food into a spoon, not into the mouth.
- In Japan, you should not leave your chopsticks in a bowl of rice, especially while standing: this is a funeral ritual.
The peoples of other countries of the world are interesting to study. It's good that all people are different. After all, collective creativity is manifested in customs.
Peoples of other countries of the world and their customs on the site.
Our life consists of everyday little things that in one way or another affect our well-being, mood and productivity. I didn’t get enough sleep - my head hurts; I drank coffee to improve the situation and cheer up - but I became irritable. I really want to foresee everything, but I just can’t. Moreover, everyone around, as usual, gives advice: gluten in bread - don’t go near it, it will kill you; A chocolate bar in your pocket is a direct path to tooth loss. We collect the most popular questions about health, nutrition, diseases and give answers to them that will allow you to better understand what is good for your health.
- Equisetaceae department general characteristics and significance What structure does a horsetail spore have?
- Practical work “Structure of fern and horsetail. Horsetails have
- Who is behind the attacks on Tuleyev?
- Kirill Barabash - Lieutenant Colonel of the Air Force: biography, political views What is the IGPR “call”