Who gave the definition of the golden and silver ages. Difference between Silver and Golden Age
Golden and Silver Age of Russian Culture
In the 19th century, Russian culture experienced an unprecedented rise, acquired worldwide significance. Literature occupied a special place. It turned out to be essentially a universal form of social consciousness. Many enlightened people of Russian society built their lives focusing on lofty literary examples. However, all this applied only to a small part of society, because according to the census of the population in Russia in 1897 there were only slightly more than 20% of the literate. This is one of the worst rates in Europe. The social situation in the country was heating up. The conservative government and the revolutionary movement were irreconcilable parties, and again there were only two of them. A bloody battle was becoming inevitable.
The beginning of the XX century. - this is the silver age of Russian culture. Russian fine literature has never known such a richness and variety of poetic headings: A. Blok, S. Yesenin, V. Mayakovsky, V. Khlebnikov, V. Brusov, I. Severyanin, N. Gumilyov - this is not a complete list of talents who have announced himself for the first time at the beginning of the century. It was finally formed, which appeared in the II half of the XIX century. the course of Russian cosmism, adherents of which were very many dissimilar writers, scientists, philosophers (D.I. Mendeleev, K.E. Tsiolkovsky, V.S. Soloviev, N.F. Fedorov, P.A. Florensky, V.I. Vernadsky and others). They were united by the conviction that the development of mankind is increasingly acquiring the forms of a certain planetary community. Space and man, Nature and man turn out to be inseparable, and one must be able to study together the future of man and the future of nature. The pinnacle of the scientific direction in cosmism was the doctrine of V.I. Vernadsky about the noosphere, which is very relevant today. According to this doctrine, humanity is gradually becoming the main force that determines by its activity the evolution of the Earth, and at a certain stage it will have to assume responsibility for the future of the biosphere in order to preserve the possibility of its existence and further development. The biosphere should turn into the noosphere, i.e. into the realm of reason.
An original Russian philosophy was formed, its outstanding representatives were N.A. Berdyaev, L.I. Shestov, PA. Florensky, and others. One of the features of Russian philosophy, according to AF Losev, was “purely internal, intuitive knowledge of existence, its hidden depths, which can be comprehended not by means of reduction to logical concepts and definitions, but only in a symbol, in the image through the power of imagination. "
Russian culture was on the verge of major qualitative changes that did not take place as a result of the revolution. Perhaps the essence of the qualitative changes would be the so-called Slavic Renaissance, the idea of which hovered in the minds of some prominent figures of the Silver Age, and the essence should have been the religious assimilation of antiquity.
The golden age of Russian icon painting
Throughout the history of Christianity, icons have served as a symbol of people's faith in God and his help to them. The icons were protected: they were protected from the pagans and, later, from the iconoclastic kings. The golden age of Russian icon painting began in the 80s of the XIV century ...
The golden age of Russian culture
The uprising of the Decembrists had a tremendous impact on the further evolution of Russian culture. A powerful rise in social and philosophical thought followed - the problem of choosing the path of development, the future of Russia became central ...
History of Russian culture V-XVI centuries
The first major phase covers almost three thousand years of pagan pre-state existence, and the second - a thousand years of Christian state. The second phase - Christian, which took a thousand years, - can be divided into three periods ...
Culture of Russia 19-20 centuries
Culture of Russia 19-20 centuries
"One of the most refined epochs in the history of Russian culture", the era of "creative rise of poetry and philosophy after a period of decline," N.A. Berdyaev called the cultural Renaissance of the beginning of the century "...
Russian culture of the XIX century
The central place in Russian culture of the literary language of the 19th century. was occupied with literature. It was she who most vividly and talentedly reflected the main contradictions of public life ...
The culture Russian Empire(XVIII century - early XX century)
XIX century. - the "golden age" of Russian culture. Having creatively assimilated Western influences, she retained her national identity and, as they say, told the world a new word ...
Cultural and historical processes of the 19th century and fiction
The beginning of the 19th century was the time of the cultural and spiritual upsurge of Russia. The Patriotic War of 1812 accelerated the growth of the national consciousness of the Russian people ...
Features of development and specificity of Russian culture
« silver Age"- this is a new era, in which many writers, artists, musicians, philosophers have appeared. In a short period of time - from the 19th to the 20th centuries. - many important events have happened, many bright personalities have appeared ...
Periodization and typology of Russian culture
The fact that the countries whose modernization went well in the post-war period, while retaining their national culture, shows ...
Development of the culture of peoples Central Asia in the second half of the 19th - early 19th century
Even before the annexation of Central Asia to Russia, it was common for the Persian slaves to flee to the Russian fortifications. For example, fund 17 for 1865 - 1867. contains 202 sheets. In which the petitions of many thousands of prisoners are recorded ...
The Silver Age and the work of A.N. Scriabin
The Silver Age of Russian culture turned out to be surprisingly short. It lasted less than a quarter of a century: 1900 - 22. The initial date coincides with the year of death of the Russian religious philosopher and poet V.S. Solovyov ...
Silver age of Russian culture
In the 90s of the XIX century. Russian culture is undergoing a powerful takeoff. New era, which gave birth to a whole galaxy of writers, artists, musicians, philosophers, was named the "Silver Age". In a short period of time - the turn of the XIX - XX centuries ...
Silver age of Russian culture
The "Golden Age" was prepared by all the previous development of Russian culture. Since the beginning of the 19th century, an unprecedentedly high patriotic upsurge has been observed in Russian society, which intensified even more with the beginning patriotic war 1812 He contributed to the deepening of understanding national identity, development
citizenship. Art actively interacted with public consciousness, forming it into a national one. The development of realistic tendencies and national cultural traits intensified.
A cultural event of colossal importance, contributing to the growth of national identity, was the emergence of "History of the Russian State" by N. Karamzin. Karamzin was the first who, at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries, felt that the main problem in the Russian culture of the coming 19th century, there will be a definition of its national self-identity.
Behind Karamzin was Pushkin, who was solving the problem of correlating his national culture with other cultures. This was followed by the "philosophical letter" of P.Ya. Chaadaeva - philosophy of Russian history, initiating a discussion between Slavophiles and Westernizers. One of them is culturally distinctive, focused on identifying the deep mechanisms of national culture, fixing the most stable, unchanging values. And another opinion is modernizing, aimed at changing the content of the national culture, including it in the global cultural process.
Literature occupied a special place in the culture of the "golden age". Literature became a synthetic phenomenon of culture and turned out to be a universal form public conscience fulfilling the mission of the social sciences.
By the middle of the 19th century, Russian culture is becoming more and more famous in the West. N.I. Lobachevsky, who laid the foundation for modern ideas about the structure of the universe, became the first scientist who became famous abroad. P. Merimee opened Pushkin to Europe. Gogol's auditor was appointed in Paris. In the second half of the 19th century, the European and world fame of Russian culture increased, primarily thanks to the works of Turgenev, Leo Tolstoy and F.M. Dostoevsky.
In addition, painting, architecture and music developed in the 19th century.
Painting: Repin, Savrasov, Polenov, Vrubel, Surikov, Levitan, Serov.
Architecture: Rossi, Bove, Gilardi, Ton, Vasnetsov.
Music: Mussorgsky, Rimsky - Korsakov, Tchaikovsky.
It is impossible not to note the period of the "Silver Age", which captured the beginning of the XX century. it historical time since the 90s. XIX century until 1922, when the "philosophical steamer" left for Europe with the most prominent representatives of the creative intelligentsia of Russia. The culture of the "Silver Age" was influenced by the culture of the West, Shakespeare and Goethe, ancient and Orthodox mythology, French symbolism, Christian and Asian religions. At the same time, the culture of the “Silver Age” is a distinctive Russian culture that manifested itself in the works of its talented representatives.
What new did this period give to Russian world culture?
Firstly, it is the mentality of a sociocultural person who frees one from thinking, permeated with politics, sociality as a canon-cliché that prevents one from thinking and feeling freely, individually. The concept of the philosopher V. Solovyov, calling for the need for active cooperation between Man and God, becomes the basis for a new worldview of a part of the intelligentsia. This striving for the God-man, seeking inner integrity, unity, Good, Beauty, Truth.
Secondly, the “silver age” of Russian philosophy is the time of rejection of the “social person”, the era of individualism, interests in the secrets of the psyche, the dominance of the mystical principle in culture.
Thirdly, the "Silver Age" distinguishes the cult of creativity as the only opportunity for a breakthrough to new transcendental realities, overcoming the eternal Russian "duality" - the saint and the beast, Christ and the Antichrist.
Fourthly, the Renaissance is not a random term for this sociocultural era. History has highlighted its "core" meaning for the mentality of the time, its insights and predictions. The "Silver Age" became the most fruitful stage for philosophy and culturology. This is literally a sparkling cascade of names, ideas, characters: N. Berdyaev, V. Rozanov, S. Bulgakov, L. Karsavin, A. Losev and others.
Fifthly, the "Silver Age" is an era of outstanding artistic discoveries, new trends, which gave an unprecedented variety of names of poets, prose writers, painters, composers, and actors. A. Blok, A. Bely, V. Mayakovsky, M. Tsvetaeva, A. Akhmatova, I. Stravinsky, A. Skryabin, M. Shagal and many more names.
A special role in the culture of the "Silver Age" was played by the Russian intelligentsia, in fact being its focus, embodiment and meaning. In the well-known collections "Vekhi", "Change of milestones", "From the Depths" and others, there was a question about her tragic fate as a socio-cultural problem in Russia. “We are dealing with one of the fatal topics in which the key to understanding Russia and its future”, - G. Fedotov shrewdly wrote in his treatise The Tragedy of the Intelligentsia.
The artistic level, discoveries and finds in Russian philosophical thought, literature and art of the "Silver Age" gave a creative impetus to the development of domestic and world culture. According to D. S. Likhachev, “we gave the West the beginning of our century” ... Understanding the role of man in the world around him as a “divine” mission laid the foundation for a fundamentally new humanism, where the tragedy of existence is essentially overcome through the acquisition of a new meaning of life, a new goal-setting ... The cultural treasury of the "Silver Age" is an invaluable potential in today's and tomorrow's path of Russia.
On April 23, the House of Antique Books in Nikitsky held the first part of a grand sale of a private collection of rare books, manuscripts, autographs, documents and photographs
On April 23, the House of Antique Books in Nikitsky held the first part of the auction for the Golden and Silver Age of Russian Literature. Rare books, manuscripts, autographs, documents and photographs from a private collection. " The catalog, containing 473 lots, covered editions of Russian classical literature with early XIX until the first half of the 20th century. Particularly noteworthy are the numerous lifetime editions and autographs of A. Akhmatova, A. Bely, S. Yesenin and others. In general, this time the organizers of the auction seem to have managed to collect rare editions almost all authors whose names we know from school and whose work is a hallmark and proof of the greatness of Russian culture. That there is only one string of books by Alexander Pushkin of 18 lots, which includes rare lifetime editions. Or 6 lots related to the life and work of V.A.Zhukovsky, including a check for ten thousand francs signed by Zhukovsky dated February 28, 1848 from the Rothschild bank, written out to receive funds for publishing the collected works of A.S. Pushkin (lot nine).
Among the top lots of the auction, the organizers called the first illustrated edition of the fables of I. A. Krylov in 1815, in convict with the book "New Fables of I. Krylov" in 1816 (lot 4).
And also - 30 lots of Yeseniana, 24 - editions and autographs of Akhmatova, 29 lots of Blok, 23 - A. Bely, Bunin, Balmont, Bulgakov and further down the list (the catalog ends with editions of authors whose surname begins with the letter "K").
Out of this range are lots related to the life and work of not only writers, but also artists - D. Burliuk, M. Voloshin, N. Goncharova.
Naturally, such a selection could not go unnoticed, and people began to gather in the auction room of the auction house in Nikitsky Lane already half an hour before the start of the auction. And by the start, by seven o'clock in the evening, there was a full house in the hall - more than four dozen people. More than 20 potential buyers have registered to participate in the online auction. In addition, there were an unusually high number of participants on the phones and a large number (183) of absentee bids. As a result, 291 (61.65%) of the 472 lots of the catalog were sold for more than 9 million rubles (60.59% of the average estimate). Great result for this spring! The audience showed the greatest activity, taking 137 lots, in second place were absentee bids, which were successful 119 times, 27 lots went by phone, 8 went to online buyers.
The first serious purchase (it was also a record for the evening) took place at the very beginning of trading. For convict of two editions of fables I. A. Krylov (lot 4) bargained at once three participants - from the audience, by phone and in absentia. The bargaining began at 100,000 rubles; It took the contenders more than ten steps to decide who would get the fables and for what price. The most stubborn was the participant in the hall, who received the coveted escort for 440,000 rubles.
After Krylov's fables and a string of documents and publications by V. A. Zhukovsky, in which 3 out of 6 lots were sold, it was the turn to bargain for A. S. Pushkin's books. Of the 18 lots in the Pushkinian section, 15 books have found new owners. The most expensive were lots 21 - the first and only edition of Pushkin's poem "Poltava" in 1829 and 24 - the third and last lifetime miniature edition of "Eugene Onegin" in 1837. Both books started at 350,000 rubles each at an extramural rate.
A real battle unfolded for the "Poems of Baron Delvig" 1829 (lot 36) - the first and only book published during the poet's life, compiled and prepared for publication by the author himself. The buyer in the hall began trading with an absentee rate of 80,000 rubles. The fact that the participant in the hall would not give up so easily became clear pretty soon, but the correspondence rate, as it turned out, was also calculated not for chance, but for a serious fight. Bids cheerfully followed one another, and yet the owner of the absentee bid had to give up when a participant in the hall offered 420,000 rubles for the book, more than five times the starting price. I wonder how this "showdown" would have ended if the losing participant did not rely on the absentee bid, but bargained personally?
One of the most productive, when the sale price exceeded the start exactly ten times, was the bargaining for the book by A. M. Poltoratsky "Provincial nonsense and notes of Dormedont Vasilyevich Prutikov" published in 1836 (lot 46). Absentee bid, telephone and three participants in the hall fought for the lot. The book went to the winner in the hall for 300,000 rubles from an absentee start of 30,000.
V full complement small (5 lots) collections of publications by N. A. Nekrasov and S. Nadson went under the hammer. (Back in 1912, 25 years after Nadson's death, Igor Severyanin wrote quite offensively about him: “ I'm afraid to admit to myself, / That I live in such a country, / Where Nadson has been centering for a quarter of a century ..."So, today he has fans!) Almost all of these lots were sold out with multi-stage bargaining and for the most part went into the hall.
"The greatest rarity - released" not for sale "in an edition of 50 copies" - a book of poems by Apollo Maikov "April 30", 1888 edition (lot 62). From the start of 120,000 rubles at an absentee rate, the lot went to the winner in the hall for 360,000 rubles.
The sections of publications and autographs of Anna Akhmatova were met with interest and even enthusiasm, in which 16 out of 24 lots were sold, Sergei Yesenin - 18 out of 30 lots, Valery Bryusov - 7 out of 9. In full - 15 out of 15 lots (from 265 - go to the 278th) - the editions of I. A. Bunin were sold.
All seven lots (279-285), connected with the life and work of David Burliuk, went under the hammer when the starting prices were exceeded by 3-5 times.
For 160,000 rubles from the start of 100,000 at an extramural rate, M. Tsetlin's 1920 book "Transparent Shadows" with illustrations by N. Goncharova and her autograph on the cover was sold to the audience.
They actively bargained for the publications of the Kruchenykh, Zoshchenko, Kuprin and others.
The auction was held at a clear, brisk pace: almost 500 (!) Lots of the presenter took only 2 hours and 20 minutes. House "In Nikitsky" managed to carry out everything without organizational overlaps and failures of communication channels (except for a couple of small pauses when the online trading system was frozen).
People dispersed smiling, feeling quite pleased. It seems that the organizers who organized a real literary holiday for themselves and for all those present should feel no less satisfied.
Yesterday, April 24, in the auction hall of the House of Antique Books in Nikitsky, lovers of Russian literature and unique publications were waiting for the "continuation of the banquet" - more than 400 lots of bibliographic rarities associated with the names of Mayakovsky, Tsvetaeva, Pasternak and many other first names of Russian literature. The auction has already taken place and, looking ahead, I can sympathize with those who did not spend yesterday evening in Nikitsky Lane. Lost a lot, gentlemen!
Maria Kuznetsova,Ai
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"The sacred door has opened!
Lucyper comes from the abyss,
Humble, but cheerless (1).
Napoleon! Napoleon!
Paris and new Babylon
And the meek white fleece lamb,
Exceeding as divy Gog,
Fell like the spirit of Sataniel,
Demon power has disappeared! ..
Blessed be our Lord God! "
... The singer, hearing a prophetic voice,
I woke up with annoyance, covered in fluff,
I stretched out my hands
I looked into the light forcibly,
Then he turned to the side
And again fell asleep soundly.
Pushkin. Shadow of Von-Vizin.
How can one explain the fact that one era contributes to the manifestation of poetic genius, while another era gives rise to only secondary poets? Why did not a single great Russian poet appear in Russia in the second half of the 19th century? And this is after the Golden Age of Russian poetry with its geniuses: Tyutchev, Lermontov, Pushkin, Fet! Tyutchev, Lermontov, Pushkin, Fet and Yazykov were born before 1820. Then, until about 1880, great poets were not born in Russia. Neither Fofanov, nor Balmont, nor Apukhtin, nor Bryusov, nor Nadson were able to take advantage of the experience of the geniuses of the Golden Age of poetry. Tyutchev and Fet continued to create, but they were born at a completely different time ...
In 1910, the fundamental work of General V. A. Moshkov, "A New Theory of the Origin of Man and His Degeneration, Based on the Data of Zoology and Statistics," was published. This work embodied the theory of cyclicity developed by this scientist. historical development civilizations and cultures of the world. Each cycle, according to V. Moshkov, lasts 400 years. The four-hundred-year cycle was divided by him into four centuries, which he gave the names: "gold", "silver", "copper" and "iron". The first half of the development cycle of a civilization or state - the "golden" and "silver" ages, that is, the first two hundred years, is characterized by its development and growth, ending in an era of political and economic stability. But with the onset of the second half of the cycle - the “copper age” or the third century in the cycle - countries enter a period of decline. The “Iron Age” - the last 100 years, completing the cycle - is an era of losses and losses for any country, an age of cultural decay. Moshkov, apparently, used the teachings of a man who lived at the beginning of the 7th century. BC. rhapsodic Hesiod, set out by him in his poem "Works and Days" (See: Hesiod. Interlinear translation of poems from Greek and G. Vlastov's note. - SPb., 1885. See also: Hesiod. Works and days. Agricultural poem / Per.V. Veresaev. - M .: Nedra, 1927). For example, in 1212, the unification of the Russian principalities began under the rule of Yaroslavl, and then Moscow, that is, a 400-year cycle began in the history of Rus. This cycle ended at the beginning of the 17th century with the Troubles and the invasion of the Latins.
After 1612, we are witnessing a confident increase in the sovereign power of Russia! "The Age of Golden Catherine" corresponds to the "Silver Age" of the 400-year cycle. This is an era of political and economic stability in Russia.
So, proceeding from the theory of Moshkov, Tyutchev, Lermontov, Pushkin, Griboyedov and Yazykov were born in the "Silver Age" of a 400-year cycle! Moreover, they were born at the turn of the eras - at the very peak of the cultural development of Russia. In 1812, Russia defeated the united military forces of the West. In 1815, Alexander the Blessed was recognized as the Emperor of Europe, and therefore of the whole world! The very energy of that time could not but influence those who lived in Russia at that time.
But what about those born after 1820?
The "Copper Age" began to influence those who were born at this time ... The era of "Smerdyakovism" began. It was then that the lines written by the Russophobe Pecherin appeared:
How sweet it is to hate the homeland,
And eagerly await its destruction!
And to see in the destruction of the fatherland
World hand of rebirth!
After 1820 Russia "ceded" to Britain and the USA HALF OF THE TERRITORY OF NORTH AMERICA. The people of Russia do not know about this ...
Russian poets of the second half of the 19th century seemed to have lost creative forces.
Here is a sample of V. Solovyov's creativity:
Michal Matveich dear,
I am writing to you from the cavern,
Bowed down from ailment in an arc
And full of all filth.
Forgotten sweet labors
And Bacchus and Cyprias;
For a long time already my ass has been told
Some hemorrhoids.
As a child, V. Solovyov played firefighters and wanted to accomplish a feat, so he could not help writing this work in his mature years:
DepA fireman
Woe over ashes lifted up
And, like an eagle - an ether inhabitant,
Endowed with an all-seeing eye.
He's lonely at this summit
He is above all, he is a god, he is a king ...
And down there, in the stinking mud,
Like a worm, the goldsmith drags along, -
Terrible for a tender heart
Contrast of cloaca and depA ...
Deal with it! The law of nature is clear
Even though our wisdom is blind
The sun goes down, the sun comes up
Centuries are running, but everything, as of old,
A proud knight walks on the tower
And the goldfinch cleans the pit.
Mid April 1889
[Soloviev VS "Only the sun of love is motionless ..." Poems. S. 55-56]
But in these lines, as V. Solovyov believed, there is also a certain meaningful thought ... Undoubtedly, Solovyov cannot be called a great poet.
V. Solovyov could not ignore the theme of the East in his work:
YOUNG TURKISH
On the tenth day Moharemma
Daddy's in the garden
I met a harem flower
And since then I've been waiting
I wait impatiently in the garden
I wash my gazelle ...
But papa observes jealously
All my mamzels.
Call, no wonder the old eunuch
I was picking with an awl
And to the bag of heavy steam
I tied the STONE.
I must beware ...
I'd better leave.
That way you can stay
daddy's pond!
Yes! dad is very stubborn
Old retrograde
And the agile eunuch watches over
Papa's helicopter.
Mid April 1889
[Soloviev V.S. "Only the sun of love is motionless ..." Poems., P. 56)]
Nekrasov uses too much ambivalent laughter in almost all of his poems. We can say that he simply abuses it:
Covering the skin with clothes
For laughter and beauty
Mazurochka with monkeys
The dogs are dancing.
And I myself was drunk in a minute,
For passion or need,
Organ grinder with monkey
They are dancing padede.
Everything jumps, everything worries
It's like a masquerade.
And the Russian people admire:
"How the Germans are cunning!"
Yes, their knowledge is strong,
Their dexterity is tricky ...
Really,
Germany is a learned country!
(Would you like to continue
Described miracles -
Go to the performances
Of illustrious songs.)
But what a person should have, according to Nekrasov, in order not to look ridiculous:
The evening lights were lit
The wind howled and wet the rain,
When from the Poltava province
I entered the capital city.
I had a very long stick in my hands,
The knapsack is empty on her,
Sheepskin fur coat on the shoulders,
There are 15 pennies in the pocket.
No money, no title, no tribe,
Small in stature and seemingly ridiculous,
Yes, forty years have passed, -
I have a million in my pocket.
Nekrasov successfully described only confusion and confusion:
Look - we’ve already clung to it!
Roman plays with Pakhomushka,
Demian plays with Luka.
And the two bros of Gubin
Iron Prova hefty, -
And everyone shouts his own!
Seven owls flew together,
Admire the carnage
From seven big trees
Laughing, night owls!
And their eyes are yellow
They burn like an ardent wax
Fourteen candles!
And the raven, the smart bird,
Is in a pinch, sits on a tree
By the fire
Sits and prays to the devil
So that they slammed to death
Someone!
A cow with a bell
That fought back in the evening
From the herd, I barely heard
Human voices -
I came to the fire, set
Eyes on the men
I listened to crazy speeches
And the beginning, heart,
Moo, moo, moo!
[Nekrasov N. A. Who lives well in Russia. Fav. cit., S. 312]
1990 is considered the beginning of the Silver Age of Russian poetry. The overwhelming majority of poets at the turn of the 19th and early 20th centuries. did not reach the level of creative skill to the level of Fofanov ... The Silver Age at the beginning did not raise topical social issues. Members of the St. Petersburg group of poets "Gilea" became the founders of Russian futurism. One of the directions of this era was also cubo-futurism. In Russia cubo-futurists called themselves "Budelyans" who were part of the poetic group "Gilea". They abandoned the aesthetic ideals of the past and actively used occasionalisms. Within the framework of cubo-futurism, "abstruse poetry" developed. "Zaumyu" was written by Velimir Khlebnikov, Elena Guro, Davyd and Nikolai Burliuk. Here's a sample "zaum":
Your clinking lamp
I am illuminated by the silence of the forest.
Oh rider of the night, dance
Before an inexorable fence.
Gold-breasted wife
At a barely closed entrance.
The cold nature is warming
Signifying your letters.
Blind diligence looks.
Let's substitute the domes for the rain.
I burned my chest to the ground
To rip out the ramifications of evil
In the name of truth and reward.
Embrace of white burning honeycomb.
Subtle tunes are desirable
But all is more true than the Black Maiden
Inevitably smashing honey.
[Burliuk D. D .: From the collection "The Trap of Judges" (1910)]
"Gilea" was the most influential, but not the only association of futurists. There were also ego-futurists led by Igor Severyanin, who lived in St. Petersburg.
Self-admiration is a common occupation of the poets of this era:
Millions of female kisses
Nothing before the honor of the gods:
And Klyuev kissed my hands,
And Fofanov fell at his feet!
Valery wrote to me first,
Asking how I like him;
And Gumilyov stood at the door,
Luring you to Apollo.
Thirteen books, three hundred pages
Newspaper clippings are my way.
I accepted, looking radiant,
Praise and abuse are dregs of people.
Correct and arrogant
Always in love with the Unclear,
I am sure of my calling
I saw life as a wonderful dream.
I know thunder of applause
Dozens of Russian cities,
And the ecstasy of seeking,
And the triumph of my poems!
January 1918
Petrograd
[Severyanin I. V: Nightingale. Poems and poems, p. 9]
Before the onset of the "Iron Age" A. Blok, S. Yesenin, S. Bekhteev, I. Bunin were born. Their life, their work - this is the true Silver Age of Russian poetry.
Send us, Lord, patience,
In a time of violent, gloomy days,
Endure popular persecution
And the torture of our executioners.
Give us strength, oh right God,
Forgive the villainy of a neighbor
And the cross is heavy and bloody
To meet with Your meekness.
And in the days of rebellious excitement,
When our enemies rob us
Endure shame and humiliation
Christ, Savior, help!
Master of the world, God of the universe!
Bless us with prayer
And give rest to the humble soul,
In an unbearable, death hour ...
And, at the threshold of the grave,
Breathe into the mouth of Your slaves
Superhuman strength
Pray meekly for your enemies!
S. S. Bekhteev
Is it possible that the country should appear great poet, need an era of change?
...
(1) Cheloperunny - apparently with a lightning-shaped scar on his forehead. It is possible that the brunette is wearing glasses (and on a broom).
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