Appearance of Oblomov and Stolz comparison. Comparative characteristics of the images of the main characters of Ivan Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov”
OBLOMOV AND STOLTZ. COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS (BASED ON GONCHAROV’S NOVEL “OBLOMOV”)
1.Introduction.
Ways to characterize characters.
2. Main part.
2.1 Oblomov and Stolz: “poet of dreams” and “poet of labor.”
2.2 Appearance of the heroes.
2.3 Upbringing and education of heroes.
2.4 Heroes and Olga Ilyinskaya.
2.5 The further fate of the heroes.
3. Conclusion.
Hope for the future.
I. A. Goncharov
Writers resort to various methods of characterizing heroes in order to more fully and multifacetedly depict their character and inner world. This can be a detailed description of the circumstances of the character’s upbringing and education that shaped his personality. The main character's dream is a popular description technique internal state a character repeatedly used by many Russian classics. Another way to characterize literary hero is the technique of antithesis (contrast) of two completely dissimilar characters works. These are the antagonists Onegin and Lensky from the novel in verse by A. s. Pushkin's "Eugene Onegin", Evgeny Bazarov and Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov in I. S. Turgenev's novel "Fathers and Sons", Prince Myshkin and Parfen Rogozhin from F. M. Dostoevsky's novel "The Idiot". It is dissimilarity that characterizes the heroes most vividly and deeply. The heroes of Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov” are completely different from each other. And the external difference only emphasizes their antagonism. Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, main character works, pampered and imposing. His skin is white, his body is full, his hands, which do not know labor, are plump and soft. This is a real Russian gentleman, slow and unhurried. His favorite clothing is a robe, cozy and roomy, perfect for Oblomov. Andrey Stolts, the main character's friend, is fit and slender. It’s as if he consists entirely of muscles in constant motion. His skin was tanned from constant exposure to fresh air. Heroes so different in appearance are close friends. They lived next door as children and grew up together. Oblomov's estate is an example of a classic Russian estate, a piece of paradise located far from major roads, cities, events, and life itself. Life in Oblomovka proceeds measuredly and obeys its own rules: eating is a kind of ritual, and any work seems to be a punishment. Little Ilya Ilyich was always surrounded by loving parents, numerous relatives, guests, and nannies who watched his every step. Ilya, like any child, was curious and observant. However, constant control and excessive care from adults dulled these traits. Stolz was brought up in different conditions. His parents paid a lot of attention to his education. And if the mother studied music and literature with her son, the father was worried about the practical side of life. Stoltz was sent alone on business, and when he disappeared, the father did not go to look for his son, hoping for his independence. From childhood, Stolz was taught to work, diligence, and independence. And he grew up to be a persistent, ambitious, intelligent, business man who achieved a lot in life. And yet little Stolz was irresistibly drawn to sleepy Oblomovna. Perhaps the harmony and love, the atmosphere of peace and comfort in which Ilya Ilyich grew up was lacking for his friend in parental home. Stolz was always drawn to the lazy and serene Oblomov. Warmth, tenderness, nobility, and sincerity were valued by Stolz above the business acumen and perseverance of other people. Stolz loses somewhat in comparison with Oblomov. His efficiency is abstract. The reader does not see the fruits of his activities. He does not win over at first sight, like Oblomov. But the characters certainly complement each other.
The meeting with Olga Ilyinskaya revealed the characters of both friends from a new side, and first of all the personality of Oblomov. He turned out, unlike Stolz, capable of strong sincere love, which changed and main character. Olga, direct and natural, after meeting with Ilya Ilyich transformed from a naive girl into a beautiful young woman, sensitive and deeply feeling. She was enriched internally and acquired a huge life experience, elevating her even above the developed Stolz. Olga immediately saw and appreciated the spiritual beauty of Ilya Ilyich, but even she turned out to be unable to defeat Oblomovism. Stolz fell in love with the “new” Olga, who changed thanks to Oblomov, who experienced a lot, suffered, fought, but lost.
After this, the fates of the heroes diverged. Oblomov found happiness in his own way - he found Oblomovna in the house of Agafya Matveevna Pshenitsyna. He sank, became flabby, and already very vaguely resembled the former charming master. Stolz started a family with Olga Ilyinskaya. They seem to be happy, only sometimes Olga feels an incomprehensible sadness and melancholy, and is visited by memories of Ilya Ilyich. Son Oblomov and Andrey becomes a kind of focus best qualities both heroes. The heir to Oblomov and the pupil of Stolz in the future, perhaps, will become in all respects wonderful person, active and active, but with a tender poetic soul and a heart of gold.
I.A. Goncharov in his novel touches on a very relevant topic: the confrontation between work and laziness, which for centuries has remained the most discussed and debatable. Nowadays, this topic is very problematic, since in our modern society Technology progresses and people stop working, laziness develops into the meaning of life.
The heroes of the novel, Oblomov and Stolz, have been friends since early childhood. Their acquaintance occurs while studying in the house of Stolz’s father, who taught the basics of the most important sciences.
Ilya Oblomov comes from a noble family; from early childhood, little Ilya is pampered and cherished. Parents and nannies forbid him to show any independent activity. Ilyusha, seeing this attitude toward himself, immediately realized that he could do nothing, since other people would do it all for him. His education took place in Stolz's house; he did not particularly want to study and his parents indulged him in this. This is how Oblomov’s entire youth passed. Adult life was no different from childhood and adolescence; Oblomov continues to lead a calm and lazy lifestyle. His passivity and idleness are reflected in Everyday life. He woke up at lunchtime, slowly climbed out of bed, lazily ate his food and was not interested in any business. Laziness, ingrained from childhood, did not give Oblomov the slightest chance to strive for science, to understand the world around him. Despite all this, his imagination was very well developed, since due to idleness Oblomov’s imaginary world was very rich. Oblomov was also a very trusting person, and the main person Ilya trusted was Andrei Stolts. Shtolz is the complete antipode of Oblomov. From early childhood, Andrei was accustomed to order and to work. His parents raised him strictly but fairly. His father, a German by nationality, instilled in Andrei precision, hard work and punctuality. WITH youth Andrei carried out various assignments for his father, strengthening his character. He studied with Ilya; from his father, unlike Oblomov, Andrei was good at science, and he studied them with curiosity. Stolz made the transition from childhood to adulthood very early, so Andrei was a very active person. He strived for constant replenishment of knowledge, because “learning is light, and ignorance is darkness. He had a sober and practical view of events, he never did anything hastily without thinking about the issue that he needed to solve. Prudence and punctuality, ingrained in childhood, have found a place in adult life Stolz. Mobility and energy contributed to him in any endeavors. Considering the life positions of Oblomov and Stolz in relation to Olga Ilyinskaya, the following conclusions can be drawn: Oblomov, living in his own world - “Oblomovshchina,” was a romantic who took a long time to decide on concrete steps in real life. Their acquaintance with Olga Ilyinskaya occurs thanks to Stolz. Their relationship was not strong from the very beginning. Olga, knowing a lot about Oblomov from Stolz’s stories, tries to bring Oblomov back to life through the means of her love, but she fails to do this and “Oblomovism” wins. The relationship between Olga and Andrey develops naturally throughout life, “she laughs at his jokes, and he listens to her singing with pleasure.” They had a lot in common, but the most important thing was that they strived for life, this contributed to their rapprochement and the formation of a family.
Be that as it may, the fates of both heroes turn out relatively well. Stolz finds his happiness with Olga, and Oblomov finds his Oblomovka in a house on the Vyborg side and lives out his life there with the woman he always dreamed of. This denouement shows that the author’s position towards both of his heroes is positive.
After reading the novel by I.A. Goncharov “Oblomov”, I am inclined to think that the events described in this work can be applied to our time, since in modern society there are many people like Stolz and Oblomov. And their confrontation will be eternal.
The brilliant novel by Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov introduces us to two diametrically opposed images: their characterization can take pages and pages. After all, they are completely different: in their temperament, in their attitude to life and worldview. It took Goncharov ten years to write it! What do you think, dear readers, would an academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Literature “steam” for an entire decade, writing a novel in the form of a “single-layer” pie? What's easier for a corresponding member - to write a story about two friends! One is extremely lazy. The other one is amazingly efficient. But no. A novel has been written about all of us! And we will try to prove this. Oblomov and Stolz will help us in this study.
Image of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov
The landowner Oblomov is outwardly a plump, doughy man with dark gray eyes, who prefers a passive lifestyle, lying on the sofa, doing nothing. Carelessness is visible in his entire appearance, but his face is spiritual. And the thought is constantly present in him, it shines in the eyes, hides in the wrinkles of the forehead, bends along with the lips. However, this idea is “toothless”; it has no practical application. Comparative and Stolz are clearly not in favor of Ilya Ilyich. He is a hereditary landowner. He has 350 serf souls. A nice, solid mansion in St. Petersburg, a dacha, a village house. Oblomov has no idea how to take care of all this property that he owns. He is like a child, first he is robbed by his clerk, and then he is driven to ruin by the swindlers Mikhei Andreevich Tarantyev and Ivan Matveevich Mukhoyarov.
He is educated, but has no practical work experience. Under the influence of his first failures in the service, he developed a psychological “lazy complex”, which Ilya Ilyich was unable to overcome.
Image of Andrey Stolts
According to the plot of the novel, they have known each other and been friends since school: Oblomov and Stolz. Comparative characteristics indicates the proximity of their caste origin. Andrei Stolts was born into the family of a German clerk, Ivan Bogdanovich, and a simple but educated Russian woman. The relationship between his status and the status of a friend-landowner is similar to the relationship between a business owner and a top manager. Since childhood, father regular exercise in sciences, as well as accounting, instilled in him hard work. Andrey is a lean man with sunken cheeks, dark skin and greenish expressive eyes. He is hyperactive: constantly, like a shark, on the move. The writer speaks of his hero as if he consists of nothing but muscles and tendons. He knows languages and is smart, which is why the trading company-employer sends him as an agent to Belgium. In addition, Stolz is able to creatively use his knowledge. Therefore, colleagues prefer to invite him to develop projects. Oblomov and Stolz have different attitudes towards money. The comparative characteristic indicates the thriftiness of the latter.
The secret subtext of Goncharov's images?
The fact that, by and large, the images of Stolz and Oblomov are not independent, but allegorical, the author of the novel shows in their relationship with Olga Ilyinskaya. On the one hand, she can neither win nor keep her, but she is invariably attracted by the spineless Ilya Ilyich with his romanticism and pure childish soul. On the other hand, Stolz, who became her husband, pathologically does not feel the difference between business cooperation and sincerity. On a romantic honeymoon trip to Paris, he is, to put it mildly, unconvincing.
Why did Goncharov create these two images: Oblomov and Stolz? Is the comparative description of these images simply an instructive conclusion? Contrasting characters? Or maybe we need to look at this more broadly? After all, each of us, of course, knows how much “Stolz” is in him and how much “Oblomov” is in him. What is a dream without your feet touching the ground? A global dream, devoid of any desire to realize it. What is Stolz? This is down to earth, business acumen, a sense of partnership. So let’s ask ourselves the question: “If you create something global, is it possible to discount the dream in principle?” (As you know, Stolz avoided dreaming.) Unlikely.
And you, dear readers, will you agree with the following conclusion? To truly create successful personality, promoting fantastic projects, you need to mix 30% of the dreamer Oblomov and 70% of the fanatic of Stolz’s work in one glass. Is this what Goncharov wanted to tell us? After all, an adopted son appeared in the Stolts family. Of course, proper education will instill in him business acumen. But what about the ability to dream? Genes after all, you know...
Comparative characteristics of Oblomov and Stolz
Lazy people are always going to do something.
Luc de Clapier Vauvenargues.
The novel “Oblomov” was written by I.A. Goncharov in 1859. When the work was published, it captured all the attention of society. Critics and writers called the novel “a sign of the times” (N.A. Dobrolyubov), “the most important thing that has not existed for a long time” (L.N. Tolstoy), a new word appeared in everyday life: “Oblomovism.” I.S. Turgenev once remarked: “As long as there is at least one Russian left, “Oblomov” will be remembered.”
When I started reading this book, to be honest, I was a little annoyed. From the first chapters, the image of Oblomov was incomprehensible to me, and even... I had a certain dislike for this character. Not to the work itself, but specifically to it. I can explain - I was greatly outraged by my namesake for his laziness and apathy. It was unbearable. And how glad I was to learn in the process of reading this novel that Oblomov has, as Dobrolyubov puts it, an “antidote” - his friend, Andrei Stolts. It’s strange, but for some reason I was very happy. I noticed that Goncharov used this antithesis for a reason - he shows two opposites, originally conceived as a opposition between the West and Russia. But I learned about this a little later, in literature class...
What about the comparison between these characters? Take, for example, the image of Oblomov in the novel. He is depicted not with satirical, but rather with soft, sad humor, although his laziness and inertia often appear grotesque, for example, in the first part of the novel Oblomov’s day is described, during which the hero for a long time and painfully cannot muster the strength to get up from the sofa . This is how it appears before us main character. Why be surprised? Everything comes from childhood! Let's remember Oblomovka, the village where Ilya lived as a child... Oblomovka is a village of peace, blessings, sleep, laziness, illiteracy, stupidity. Everyone lived in it for their own pleasure, without experiencing any mental, moral or spiritual needs. The Oblomovites had no goals, no troubles; no one thought about why man and the world were created. And it was in this atmosphere that Ilya Ilyich Oblomov grew up and, I’m not afraid of this word... “was brought up”... Further, in the process of reading, we learn about his studies at the boarding school, where he “... listened to what the teachers said, because there was nothing else to do it was impossible, and with difficulty, with sweat, with sighs, he learned the lessons given to him...” Later, he treated the service in approximately the same way. True, at the very beginning he dreamed of serving Russia “as long as he could.” But laziness and indifference to life were so deep that all his noble dreams remained unfulfilled. He turns into a sloth and a couch potato. People around me are used to this. But don’t think that Oblomov is completely hopeless. All the strength and everything positive traits he is revealed in his romance with Olga Ilyinskaya, which, however, is torn apart due to Oblomov’s inability to radically change his lifestyle and take serious practical steps.
What about Stolz? Stolz is the complete opposite of Oblomov. Half German by nationality, he grew up in an atmosphere of mental and physical labor. Stolz has been accustomed to order since childhood and firmly knows that everything in life can only be achieved through hard work. He repeated this thought to Oblomov tirelessly. This is natural, because Ilya Ilyich was cultivated like “an exotic flower in a greenhouse.” Stolz grew up “like a cactus accustomed to drought.” And all this was also the basis for the further lifestyle of Ilya Ilyich’s friend. Andrey is energetic, not without charm, and creates the impression of a reliable person. As for me, I see in Stolz a strong and straightforward personality, I don’t understand why Chekhov said differently about him. Stolz is super-energetic, muscular, active, standing firmly on his feet, having amassed a lot of capital for himself, a scientist, and a lot of travellers. He has friends everywhere and is respected as a strong personality. He is one of the main representatives of the trading company. He is cheerful, cheerful, hardworking... This is the difference from Oblomov, which is obvious.
Behind the antithesis of Stolz and Oblomov, one can see the opposition between the West and Russia. Stolz is portrayed by Goncharov as a harmonious, comprehensively developed personality, combining German pragmatism and Russian spirituality. He is clearly idealized by the author, who sees Stolz and others like him as the future of Russia, the possibility of its progressive development; this is emphasized in the plot by the fact that Olga Ilyinskaya gives her hand to Stolz. This, in my opinion, is the main comparison between Andrei Stolts and Ilya Oblomov.
So, we will start working with text.
In one of the lessons, you were asked to compose a quotation comparative description according to plan, using only material from the novel. Text of the novel.
Why is this necessary?
Text analysis, deep text analysis! In this case, it will allow you to understand what makes up the image of the hero, how the choice of lexical means allows the Master (writer!) to create the character of the character. We will see that the choice of one or another will allow us to convey to the reader a deep thought, an idea (which idea exactly - we will try to determine together with you)
You are on the wiki page, which means you can make changes. How to do this - see. Don't forget to indicate authorship - this way it will be clear to me who to evaluate.
I filled out the first column as a sample - here is everything we talked about in class. If you would like to add to the first column, please do so, this is encouraged.
Comparative characteristics of the image
Ilya Oblomov and Andrey Stolts
Ilya Oblomov | Andrey Stolts | |
Portrait |
"He was a man of years thirty-two or three years old,
medium height, "...Complexion
Ilya Ilyich was neither ruddy, nor dark, nor positively "...body him, judging by the matte, too white |
"Stolz peer Oblomov: and he is already over thirty years old..." "...He's all made up of bones, muscles and nerves
like a blood English |
Lifestyle, household items |
“The room where Ilya Ilyich was lying seemed at first glance to be beautifully decorated. But the experienced eye of a man with pure taste<...>I would just read it the desire to somehow observe the decorum of inevitable decency, just to get rid of them." “There was a forgotten towel lying on the sofa; on the table, on rare mornings, there wasn’t a plate with a salt shaker and a gnawed bone that hadn’t been cleared away from yesterday’s dinner, and there weren’t bread crumbs lying around. If it weren’t for this plate, and a freshly smoked pipe leaning against the bed, or not for myself the owner lying on her, you would think that no one lives here— so everything became dusty, faded and generally devoid of living traces of human presence"(Kipriyanova) “Ilya Ilyich’s lying down was neither a necessity, like a sick person or like a person who wants to sleep, nor an accident, like someone who is tired, nor a pleasure, like a lazy person: it is was his normal state"(Klimova) |
"Andrey often taking a break from business or from a social crowd, from the evening, from a ball I was going to sit on Oblomov’s wide sofa.” (Kipriyanova) "He constantly on the move: if society needs to send an agent to Belgium or England, they send him; need to write some project or adapt new idea to the point - choose him. Meanwhile he goes out into the world and reads: when he has time - God knows"(Klimova) |
Worldview |
“Oh, if only Andrei would come quickly... He would have sorted everything out...” “Or maybe Zakhar will try to settle everything so that there won’t be any need to move; maybe they’ll get by…” "Everything is eternal running around in starts, and game of trashy passions, especially greed, gossip<...>Boredom, boredom, boredom! Where is the man?? His integrity?<...>Light, society! You send me there for more discourage being there! What to look for there? Interests, mind, heart? All these are dead people, sleeping people!..." (A. Ustyantseva) |
"A simple, that is, direct, real view of life - that was his constant task<...>. “It’s tricky and difficult to live simply!” "Work is the image, content, element and purpose of life, at least mine." "He opened his umbrella while it was raining, that is, he suffered while the grief lasted, and he suffered without timid submission, but more with annoyance, with pride, and endured it patiently only because attributed the cause of all suffering to himself, and did not hang it, like a caftan, on someone else’s nail. AND enjoyed the joy, like a flower plucked along the way, until it withers in your hands..." “He was afraid of every dream, or if he entered its area, he entered as one enters a grotto with the inscription: ma solitude, mon hermitage, mon repos, knowing the hour and minute when you will leave there.” (Klimova) |
Childhood, family background |
" Parents did not rush to explain to the child the meaning of life And prepare him for her, as to something sophisticated and serious; did not torment him over books that give rise to a darkness of questions in his head, but questions gnaw at the mind and heart and shorten life." “Everyone gasped and began to reproach each other for how long ago this had not occurred to them: one to remind, another to tell to correct, a third to correct." "He was looking forward to this moment with which his independent life began"(Kipriyanova) "Zakhar, as it used to be, was a nanny, pulls up his stockings, puts on his shoes, and Ilyusha is already fourteen year old the boy only knows that he is lying down, first one leg, then the other...” (A. Ustyantseva) |
“They brought Andrei - but in what form: without boots, with a torn dress and a broken nose either from himself or from another boy." “The father put him on a spring cart, gave him the reins and ordered him to be taken to the factory, then to the fields, then to the city, to the merchants, to public places, then to look at some clay, which he would take on his finger, smell, sometimes lick, And He’ll let his son smell it and explain what it’s like and what it’s good for. Otherwise, they’ll go and see how they mine potash or tar, or melt lard.” "— Go back where you came from- he added, - and come again with a translation, instead of one, two chapters, and teach your mother the role from the French comedy that she asked: don't show up without it!" (Kipriyanova) "...Andryusha studied well, and his father made him a tutor in his small boarding house.<…>he paid him a salary as a craftsman, completely in German: ten rubles a month, and forced me to sign in the book." (A. Ustyantseva) |
Attitude to study |
"Father and mother imprisoned the spoiled one Ilyusha for a book. It was worth it tears, cries, whims." "And everyone in the house was imbued with the conviction that Studying and parenting Saturday should not coincide at all, or that a holiday on Thursday is an insurmountable obstacle to studying for the whole week. And for three weeks Ilyusha stays at home, and then, you see, it’s not far from Holy Week, and then there’s a holiday, and then someone in the family for some reason decides that they don’t study on Fomina’s week; There are two weeks left until summer - there’s no point in traveling, and in the summer the German himself rests, so it’s better to put it off until the fall." (Kipriyanova) “He generally considered all this to be a punishment sent down by heaven for our sins...” (Klimova) |
" From the age of eight he sat with his father behind geographical map, sorted through the warehouses of Herder, Wieland, biblical verses and summed up the illiterate accounts of the peasants, townspeople and factory workers, and with his mother he read sacred history, learned the fables of Krylov and sorted through the warehouses of Telemacus." (Kipriyanova) |
Attitude to service |
Ilya Ilyich would like service to be something like an optional and easy activity. If this were the case, no doubt he would willingly go to work. But when confronted with reality, Ilya Ilyich realized that service required significant effort, which he was not at all ready to spend on it. It's interesting how Goncharov characterizes Oblomov’s views: “Life in his eyes was divided into two halves: one consisted of work and boredom - these were synonyms for him; the other - from peace and peaceful fun. From this, the main field - the service at first puzzled him in the most unpleasant way”. Oblomov is trying to free himself from service at any cost. He strives for relaxation and pleasure, not realizing that in fact, rest is good and pleasant only after completed tasks. Ilya Ilyich is not ready to take responsibility for his actions. (Kvashenko M.) |
For Andrei Stolz, work is not a way to achieve peace, any desire for which Stolz called “Oblomovism.” For him, work is “the image, content, element and purpose of life”.Stolz treated his service responsibly, was hardworking, and was never lazy, Always carried out assigned tasks to the end when performing work.He worked not for a high goal, but for the sake of personal success.(Kuzmin Zh.) |
Attitude towards love |
"He never did not surrender to beauties, was never their slave, not even very much diligent fan, already because getting closer to women leads to a lot of trouble.<…>Rarely did fate confront him with a woman in society to such an extent that he could flare up for a few days and consider himself in love...” (A. Ustyantseva) |
"He not blinded by beauty and therefore I did not forget, did not humiliate a man's dignity, was not a slave, “did not lie at the feet” of beauties, although did not experience fiery passions"(A. Ustyantseva) |
... | ||
... |
- Equisetaceae department general characteristics and significance What structure does a horsetail spore have?
- Practical work “Structure of fern and horsetail. Horsetails have
- Who is behind the attacks on Tuleyev?
- Kirill Barabash - Lieutenant Colonel of the Air Force: biography, political views What is the IGPR “call”