Description of the painting: 28 Panfilov men in the park. The real story of "Panfilov's 28 Men"
The park named after 28 Panfilov guardsmen is located in the picturesque Medeu district of Almaty, next to the Pedagogical University. The territory of the park is 18 hectares, along the perimeter of Gogol, Zenkova, Kazbek bi, and Kunev streets.
The park is a memorial park; it was founded in 1942 - in memory of the feat accomplished by 28 Panfilov heroes during the defense of Moscow. The park complex is part of the Almaty State Historical, Architectural and Memorial Reserve, and is also recognized as a monument of landscape art.
Story
The park itself appeared long before the events for which it is now named. In the 70s of the 19th century there was a cemetery here, which was subsequently liquidated and a park was laid out in its place.
The name of the park has changed several times throughout its existence. From the beginning it was “Old Cemetery”, then “City”. From 1899 to 1919 it was the “Pushkin Garden”, then the “Park of Fallen Fighters”, “Local Park named after Lenin”, “Gubkompomarm Garden”, “Public Park of May 1st”, from 1927 “Park of the Federation of Soviet Republics”. It was only in 1942 that the park received the name it still bears today: “28 Panfilov Guardsmen.”
The park has been reconstructed several times. In 1982, three objects located in the park were included in the register of historical and cultural monuments of republican significance. These are the Ascension Cathedral, the Memorial of Glory and the building of the Museum of Folk Instruments.
Monuments in the park
In the park named after 28 Panfilov guardsmen there are several monuments and buildings also significant for the city:
- Ascension Cathedral- belongs to Russian Orthodox Church, is a unique wooden structure, located in the center of the park.
- House of Officers. Located at the eastern entrance to the park, a through passage through it leads to the Eternal Flame of the Glory Memorial.
- Museum of Folk Musical Instruments. The museum building was built in 1908, and the collection numbers more than 1000 items.
- Memorial of Glory. The opening took place on May 8, 1975, on the 30th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War. The central part is “Feat” - an image of soldiers who defended Moscow with their breasts. On the left is “The Oath,” the sculpture is dedicated to young fighters for Soviet power in Kazakhstan. On the right are “Trumpeters of Glory”, images of the triumph of victory and life. The Eternal Flame was lit next to the monument, and capsules with soil from the hero cities were buried. The memorial is a monument of art, history and architecture of republican significance.
- Monument to Ivan Panfilov. Located on the south side of the park, installed in 1968. The bronze bust of the Hero of the Soviet Union stands on a granite pedestal 2 meters high. Behind the monument begins the alley of Panfilov heroes, which crosses the entire park. In the center of the alley there are granite pedestals on which the names of the 28 Panfilov guards are indicated.
- Monument to Tokas Bokin. Located in the western part of the park, installed in 1980. It is a five-meter granite bust of the Soviet revolutionary in a dynamic image.
- Monument to Kazakhstanis who died in Afghanistan. Located next to the Memorial of Glory, dedicated to the 14th anniversary of the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan, installed on February 15, 2003. It represents three bronze soldiers located on a granite pedestal above four slabs, which symbolize tombstones. On the plates are written the names and surnames of 69 Almaty residents who did not return home from the Afghan war. The composition of the monument is completed by a soldier’s helmet and laurel branch at the bottom of the pedestal.
- Monument to Bauyrzhan Momysh-uly, writer and hero of the Great Patriotic War. Installed in the northern part of the park on December 10, 2010. Represents a figure in full height on a granite pedestal.
How to get there
The park named after 28 Panfilov Guardsmen can be reached by metro, the nearest station is “Zhibek Zholy”, line “A”. Further along Gogol Street towards the park, about 300-400 meters on foot. You can also get there by ground public transport. The most convenient way to get to the stop of the same name is “Park of 28 Panfilov Guardsmen”; buses No. 13, 16, 22, 66, 126, 129 and trolleybuses No. 1, 9, 11, 12, 19 go to it. Another stop nearby is “ Arasan" kesheni, it can be reached by buses No. 16, 66, 112, 126. There is also a stop "Gogol Street" - buses No. 13, 16, 17, 22, 42, 71, 117, 126 and trolleybuses No. 1 and 12 The farthest stop from the park, on the southeast side, is “Kazybek bi koshesi”. From there to the park you will need to walk about 200 meters through the Palace of Officers. But at the same time you can get to it by a very large quantities urban ground transport routes: buses No. 5, 21, 29, 60, 65, 66, 111, 118, 121, 141, 5a, 5b, 29r and trolleybuses No. 9, 11, 19, 25.
You can also get to the park by personal or rented car; there are parking lots nearby.
And another way is a taxi. Well-known mobile applications are supported in Almaty: Yandex. Taxi, Uber and Taxi Maxim, and the Leader service is also popular.
On the website are scans of documents from an investigation conducted by the military prosecutor's office in 1947 in Kharkov, from which it follows that the famous feat of 28 Panfilov heroes is fiction. At the same time, judging by various documentary evidence, units of General Ivan Panfilov’s division actually fought heroically against German tanks in November 1941 near Moscow.
On November 28, 1941, the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper published a large article, “The Testament of 28 Fallen Heroes,” which described how, in the battle on November 16, the remnants of one of the companies of the 1075th Infantry Regiment of the 8th Guards Division at the Dubosekovo junction near Moscow were stopped at a cost own life dozens of enemy tanks.
“Over fifty enemy tanks moved to the lines occupied by twenty-nine Soviet guardsmen from the division named after. Panfilov... Only one out of twenty-nine became faint-hearted... only one raised his hands up... several guardsmen at the same time, without saying a word, without a command, shot at the coward and traitor..." wrote the literary secretary of "Red Star" Alexander Krivitsky.
The editorial said that 28 guardsmen destroyed 18 enemy tanks and “laid down their heads - all twenty-eight. They died, but did not let the enemy pass..." The names of the guardsmen who fought and died were not indicated in the first publications.
On January 22, 1942, in the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper, Krivitsky published an essay under the heading “About 28 Fallen Heroes,” in which he described individual details of the battle, the personal experiences of the participants and named their names for the first time.
By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated July 21, 1942, all 28 guardsmen listed in Krivitsky’s essay were posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
The version outlined by Krivitsky became the official state version, included in all history textbooks, despite the fact that it later turned out that six of the 28 named heroes survived.
Refutation of the official version
In the journal " New world"In June 1997, the materials of the investigation conducted by the Military Prosecutor's Office of the Kharkov garrison in November 1947 were reprinted. Scans of these documents have now been published on the State Archives website, which confirms their authenticity.
The investigation began with the arrest and accusation of treason against Ivan Dobrobabin. According to the case materials, being a soldier of the Red Army, he surrendered to the Germans and in the spring of 1942 became the chief of police of a village near Kharkov. At the same time, Dobrobabin, as it turned out, was one of Panfilov’s heroes.
After this, the Main Military Prosecutor's Office of the USSR conducted a detailed investigation into the history of the battle at the Dubosekovo crossing, the results of which were reported in a secret report to Andrei Zhdanov. The main conclusion: the feat of 28 Panfilovites is a literary fiction of the editors of “Red Star”.
Investigators interviewed the author of the very first short note about the feat, Krasnaya Zvezda correspondent Vasily Koroteev, literary secretary Alexander Krivitsky, editor-in-chief of the publication David Ortenberg, and former commander of the 1075th Infantry Regiment Ilya Karpov.
According to Koroteev’s fame, the commissar of the 8th division told him about the heroic confrontation of a certain company against 54 tanks on November 23-24 at the headquarters of the 16th Army with reference to the political instructor of the regiment, who, however, was not there himself either. The political report said that the 5th company of the 1075th regiment died, but did not retreat, and only two people tried to surrender. The report did not mention names; there was no way to contact the regiment commander.
As it becomes clear from Koroteev’s testimony, based on his short note about this clash, Krivitsky and Ortenberg composed a story about the battle. The correspondent told the editor-in-chief that there were probably 30 people left in the company, so minus the two traitors the total was 28.
“I told him that the entire regiment and especially the 4th company of the 2nd battalion fought with German tanks, but I don’t know anything about the battle of 28 guardsmen... Krivitsky’s last name was given to Krivitsky from memory by Captain Gundilovich, who had conversations with him on this topic , there were and could not be any documents about the battle of 28 Panfilov men in the regiment,” said Karpov.
The list of names of heroes was formed, according to him, in the spring of 1942 at the division headquarters. The regiment commander also noted that it was not the 5th, but the 4th company that fought heroically.
“...There was no battle between 28 Panfilov men and German tanks at the Dubosekovo crossing on November 16, 1941 - this is a complete fiction. On this day, at the Dubosekovo crossing, as part of the 2nd battalion, the 4th company fought with German tanks, and they really fought heroically. Over 100 people from the company died, and not 28, as was written about in the newspapers.”
Krivitsky also testified during interrogation that the famous words of political instructor Klochkov, “Russia is great, but there is nowhere to retreat - Moscow is behind,” he came up with himself. He also called the descriptions of the feelings and actions of 28 characters literary fiction.
Also, according to the testimony of local residents and the command of the 1075th regiment, the bodies of six killed Red Army soldiers were found at the battle site near Dubosekovo after the snow melted in the spring.
Criticism of the rebuttal
Former Marshal of the Soviet Union Dmitry Yazov (still alive) spoke in defense of the official version after the publication of the 1947 investigation documents. In September 2011, Yazov published the material “Shamelessly ridiculed feat” in the newspaper “Soviet Russia”.
“It turned out that not all “twenty-eight” were dead. What of this? The fact that six of the twenty-eight named heroes, being wounded and shell-shocked, survived against all odds in the battle of November 16, 1941, refutes the fact that an enemy tank column rushing towards Moscow was stopped at the Dubosekovo crossing? Doesn’t refute,” Yazov wrote.
Yazov and Kumanev refer to the memoirs of Krivitsky, who in the 70s said that he testified in 1947 under pressure.
“I was told that if I refuse to testify that I completely invented the description of the battle at Dubosekovo and that I did not talk to any of the seriously wounded or surviving Panfilov soldiers before publishing the article, then I would soon find myself in Pechora or Kolyma. In such a situation, I had to say that the battle at Dubosekovo was my literary fiction,” the journalist told Kumanev.
In 2012 and... O. head Scientific archive of the Institute Russian history RAS Konstantin Drozdov published documents from the scientific archive of the Islamic Republic of Iran with transcripts of conversations with Panfilov’s soldiers, participants in the battles near Moscow, which were recorded by employees of the Commission on the History of the Great Patriotic War in 1942-1947.
Drozdov suggested that this case of debunking the feat in 1947 was of a “custom” nature and was directed against Georgy Zhukov, who was one of the main initiators of awarding the 28 Panfilov men. (Soon after the end of the Great Patriotic War, the Marshal of Victory fell into disgrace, as Stalin and his entourage suspected him of intending to seize supreme power in the USSR).
Evidence of the feat
The commander of the 1075th regiment, Karpov, told the investigation in 1947 that the 2nd battalion (including the 4th company, consisting of 120-140 people) on the morning of November 16, 1941 repelled an attack by 10-12 enemy tanks, 5-6 German tanks were destroyed. and the Germans retreated.
“At 14-15 o’clock the Germans opened strong artillery fire... and again went on the attack with tanks... More than 50 tanks were advancing on the regiment’s sectors, and the main attack was directed at the positions of the 2nd battalion, including the sector of the 4th company, and one tank even went to the regiment’s command post and set fire to the hay and the hut, so that I was accidentally able to get out of the dugout: I was saved by the embankment of the railway, and people who had survived the attack by German tanks began to gather around me. The 4th company suffered the most: led by company commander Gundilovich, 20-25 people survived. The remaining companies suffered less."
One of the surviving soldiers of the 4th company, officially considered a “Panfilovite,” Ivan Vasiliev, spoke about the battle in December 1942 (transcript published by Drozdov).
“We took on these tanks. They fired from an anti-tank rifle from the right flank, but we didn’t have one... They started jumping out of the trenches and throwing bunches of grenades under the tanks... They threw bottles of fuel at the crews. I don’t know what was exploding there, there were only big explosions in the tanks... I had to blow up two heavy tanks. We repulsed this attack and destroyed 15 tanks. 5 tanks retreated to reverse side to the village of Zhdanovo. In the first battle there were no losses on my left flank.
Political instructor Klochkov noticed that the second batch of tanks was moving and said: “Comrades, we will probably have to die here for the glory of our homeland. Let our homeland know how we fight, how we defend Moscow. Moscow is behind us, we have nowhere to retreat.” ... When the second batch of tanks approached, Klochkov jumped out of the trench with grenades. The soldiers are behind him... In this last attack, I blew up two tanks - a heavy one and a light one. The tanks were burning. Then I got under the third tank... from the left side. On the right side, Pyotr Singerbaev - a Kazakh - ran up to this tank... Then I was wounded... I received three shrapnel wounds and a concussion.”
According to the USSR Ministry of Defense, the entire 1075th Infantry Regiment on November 16, 1941 destroyed 15-16 tanks and about 800 enemy personnel. The losses of the regiment, according to the report of its commander, amounted to 400 people killed, 600 people missing, 100 people wounded.
Results and conclusions
The battle involving 28 Panfilov men, described in Soviet textbooks, apparently did not take place. However, there is no doubt that on November 16, the positions of the 1075th regiment were attacked by two waves of several dozen German tanks. The Red Army soldiers had a small number of newly acquired anti-tank rifles, hand grenades and Molotov cocktails. All these means can be used against tanks only at a distance of several tens of meters and are ineffective. As a result of the attack, the positions of the Soviet troops in this sector were broken through, and the regiment retreated to reserve positions.
Regimental Commander Karpov himself claims that the 4th company actually took the main blow and fought heroically, as a result of which out of 120-140 personnel, 20-25 remained alive.
That is, there was a feat, but its circumstances differ from what is written in textbooks, and “Panfilov’s men” should be called not 28, but at least the entire composition of the 4th company, which, with minimal anti-tank weapons, selflessly resisted heavy equipment.
This feat also had a result: as a result of clashes on November 16-20, 1941 in the Volokolamsk direction, Soviet troops stopped the advance of two tank and one infantry divisions of the Wehrmacht. The German command was forced to change the direction of the breakthrough to Moscow, which ultimately never happened.
43°15′32″ n. w. 76°57′13″ E. d. HGIOPark named after 28 Panfilov guardsmen(Kaz. 28th Guardshyl-Panfilovshylar Atyndagy Parks) is a city park located in the Medeu district of Almaty on an area of about 18 hectares. Bounded by Kunaev, Gogol, Zenkov, Kazybek bi streets. Founded in the 70s of the XIX century. The main tree species: elm, oak, aspen, maple, poplar, pine, spruce. Together with the surrounding buildings, it is one of the most picturesque urban planning ensembles of the city. The park is a monument of history, architecture and landscape art (Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 1182 of November 25, 1993 was included in the Almaty State Historical, Architectural and Memorial Reserve).
Story
The park was founded during the construction of Verny on the site of the village cemetery (in 1921, the cemetery was destroyed by a mudflow). The graves of the Kolpakovsky family, daughter Leonilla Kolpakovskaya (burial in 1860) and grandson Vladimir Bazilevsky (1882; the tombstone was restored in 2011), have been preserved. The mass grave in memory of the victims of the earthquake on May 28, 1887 was also lost. The Old Cemetery Park was later connected to the Cathedral Park and received the name City Garden. P. M. Zenkov took part in the regular layout of the garden.
The name of the park changed regularly: in 1899, in connection with the 100th anniversary of the birth of A. S. Pushkin, the park was named “Pushkin Garden”, in 1919 - the Park of Fallen Freedom Fighters, in connection with the burial here of A. Berezovsky and Co. Ovcharov and other heroes of the Soviet Semirechye, then called the “local park named after Lenin”, with the prohibition of city burials, in the years before 1927 it was called differently: “Gubkompomarma garden” (1925), “public park on May 1”. In 1927, during the transformation of Almaty into the capital of Soviet Kazakhstan, the park was named the park of the “Federation of Soviet Republics”, in 1942 - the name of 28 Panfilov guardsmen in memory of the feat accomplished during the Great Patriotic War during the defense of Moscow by 28 soldiers 1075 regiment of the 316th Infantry Division.
On December 10, 2010, a solemn opening ceremony of the monument to the Hero of the Soviet Union, writer Bauyrzhan Momysh-uly took place in the park. The authors of the monument are Kazakh sculptors Nurlan Dalbay and Rasul Satybaldiev. The ceremony was attended by Deputy Akim of the city of Almaty Serik Seidumanov, the son of the hero Bakhytzhan Momyshuly, scientists, social and political figures, associates, relatives and family friends.
Today, healthy trees are being cut down and vandalism is taking place in the park.
Building
Folk Museum musical instruments named after Ykylas organized in 1980. The building in which the museum is located (formerly the Officers' Assembly House) was built in 1908. The museum's fund contains over 1000 storage units, over 60 types and varieties of Kazakh folk musical instruments, which were used by outstanding singers-improvisers, poets and composers Birzhan-sal, Abay Kunanbaev, Ykylas Dukenov, Kyzyl zhyrau, Akhmet Zhubanov, Kenen Azerbaev and others . The design of the museum uses motifs of Kazakh folk patterns ( agash- tree of life, shynjara- traveling waves, uzilmes- curly stem). It is an architectural and historical monument. An example of wooden architecture. Included in the register of historical and cultural monuments (1979), included in the Almaty State Historical and Architectural Reserve (November 25, 1993).
Monuments
Memorial of Glory was built in 1975 for the 30th anniversary of the Victory in the park of 28 Panfilov guardsmen on the eastern side, in the same year the Eternal Flame was lit. The opening of the four-part memorial complex took place on May 8, 1975. The first part - the high relief “Oath” (on the left side) - is dedicated to young fighters for Soviet power in Kazakhstan. The central part of the triptych - “Feat” - captures the images of Panfilov’s heroes who defended Moscow with their breasts. On the right is the composition “Trumpets of Glory”, which gives the entire memorial an optimistic sound; its images embody the hymn of a triumphant life. Near the Eternal Flame are massive cubes made of labradorite, under which are walled up capsules with earth delivered from the hero cities. It is a monument of art, architecture and history (included in the register on April 20, 1980), included in the Almaty State Historical, Architectural and Memorial Reserve (Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 46 of November 25, 1993).
Monument to Kazakh soldiers who died in Afghanistan, was opened on February 15, 2003 next to the Memorial of Glory. Sculptor - Kazbek Satybaldin, architects Tokhtar Eraliev and Vladimir Sidorov.
Park financing
The cost of the complex of works, which included organizing the cleaning of the territory, maintenance, operation, repair and security of facilities and improvement elements, was:
Sources
- TsGA RK, f.44, op.1, d.50689, l.108, l.108 ver.
- TsGA RK, f.153, op.1, d.379v, l.46, l.46 ver.
- Voronov A. The mystery of architect “B” // Evening Alma-Ata. - 1983. - No. 88.
Notes
- Park named after the 28 Panfilov guardsmen. Archived from the original on May 29, 2014.
- RESOLUTION of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Kazakhstan ON THE ORGANIZATION OF THE ALMATY STATE HISTORICAL-ARCHITECTURAL AND MEMORIAL RESERVE dated November 25, 1993 No. 1182. Archived from the original on May 29, 2014.
- Parks of culture and recreation// Alma-Ata. Encyclopedia / Ed. M.K. Kozybaeva. - Alma-Ata: Ch. ed. Kazakh Soviet encyclopedia, 1983. - pp. 413-414. - 608 p. - 60,000 copies.
- Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Kazakh SSR dated January 26, 1982 No. 38 “On historical and cultural monuments of the Kazakh SSR of Republican significance.”
- Decree of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated January 14, 1997 No. 65. Republican Center for Legal Information. Retrieved January 14, 1997. Archived August 8, 0207.
In the very heart of our beloved city of Almaty there is a beautiful park. He played a significant role in my family. Being young and childless, my husband and I often walked along it. I especially remember night walks... Winter. Light white snowflakes, dancing, fall to the ground. The lanterns are shining brightly and there is silence... There are only the two of us in the whole park... It was fabulously beautiful...
When the eldest son Alyosha was born, he took his first steps on the shady alleys of the park, again in winter... And in Svyato-Voznesenskoye cathedral, built without a single nail and located in the center of the park, the priest baptized both my sons, each at one time...
And every year on May 9, the park hospitably welcomes residents and guests of the city, honoring the Great Victory. After all, this is where the Memorial of Glory, the Eternal Flame and the Alley of Memory of the Heroes of the Great Patriotic War are located. Patriotic War- 28 Panfilovites. The park has been named after them since 1975 - Park named after 28 Panfilov guardsmen .
— Why are 28 Panfilov’s men famous, that the city’s central park is named after them? - my son asked me as he grew up.
— 28 Panfilov men defended the approaches to Moscow in the first year of the war. They held back the onslaught of 50 tanks. A huge tank division against 28 soldiers.
- Why are they called Panfilov’s men?
— They were called that because the division was led by Major General I.V. Panfilov. Panfilov's company was formed in Kazakhstan. The main part of it consisted of soldiers who lived in Alma-Ata and Frunze (now Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan). It was a symbol of the friendship of peoples - there were more than 30 nationalities in the division.
-What feat did they accomplish?
- It was in the fall - November 16, 1941. The first year of the war was difficult. The enemy captured our territories and was rushing to the heart of the homeland - Moscow. But it was not there. Panfilov's men stood in the way of the enemy. In the fight for Moscow that day, the Germans suffered their first major defeat in the war.
The battle took place at the Dubosekovo railway crossing. Panfilov's men, under the leadership of political instructor Vasily Georgievich Klochkov, repelled several enemy attacks and knocked out 18 tanks. 4 hours of continuous battle and the enemy retreated...
It was then that it was said famous phrase political instructor, said by him a few moments before his own death.
Russia is great, but there is nowhere to retreat: Moscow is behind.
Almost everyone died in those hours. Only four soldiers survived. All of them became heroes of the Soviet Union. In several cities, a monument was erected to the feat of 28 Panfilov guardsmen. So in their homeland, in our city of Almaty, a park named after 28 Panfilov guardsmen was founded, obelisks with the names of 28 heroes were installed on the memory lane.
— I really love our park.
- Me too, son. Eternal memory to all those who fell in the fight for our freedom. Let's go lay flowers at the Eternal Flame.
- Mom, look, these words “Russia is great, but there is nowhere to retreat: Moscow is behind us” carved on the monument.
— That’s right, this is the Memorial of Glory to all the soldiers who died for our lives and freedom.
________________
This is the kind of dialogue about important events and heroes of our country that my son and I had... At the end of the conversation about Panfilov’s heroes, we listened to the song:
Today, the Communist Party of Kazakhstan spoke about the fact of vandalism in the park named after 28 Panfilov guardsmen, located in the center of Almaty, and that the police do not care about it.
At a special press conference in Almaty, representatives of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan spoke about the scandalous incident that occurred on May 22.
In the park named after 28 Panfilov guardsmen in Almaty, unknown persons threw eggs at the monument to the memory of the Kazakh heroes who defended Moscow during the Great Patriotic War.
The first to notice this was a resident of the city, Ivan Ageev, who was walking through the park early in the morning (the young man took part in a press conference).
He called the police and invited them to write a statement, but law enforcement officers, who also saw the act of vandalism with their own eyes, refused to take any action, since the witness did not have photographs or videos of hooligan acts previously committed by anyone.
Social activists don't give up
Participants in the Almaty press conference announced their intention to give the case wide publicity in order to condemn what happened and, most importantly, to prevent this from happening in the future.
The granddaughter of General Ivan Panfilov, Aigul Baikadamova, believes that the incident is the last straw in a series of events and initiatives that took place in last years around the Memorial of Glory.
“This is a dangerous trend and cannot be ignored. At one time they wanted to rename the park, they wanted to remove the inscription: “Great is Russia, but there is nowhere to retreat, Moscow is behind!” Like, what does Russia have to do with it? But at that time there was one country, one people, common pain, if we forget about this, if we begin to violate this principle, then what awaits us in the future?
Chairman of the Council of Veterans of the AGK KNPK Vyacheslav Artemyev connected what happened with the lack of spirituality of the younger generation:
“Behind this fact is a phenomenon called spirituality, and it is about spirituality that President Nazarbayev recently wrote about. This concept is broad and capacious; it also includes culture, which is a system of prohibitions that does not allow one to violate the memory and feelings of other people. The culture of modern youth needs to be developed.”
But the general task of contemporaries is to develop culture so that young people better understand what can and cannot be done.
Culture begins at school
Members of the Communist People's Party of Kazakhstan cited as an example those negative changes that cannot contribute to the growth of patriotism and responsibility in children.
Even the fact that many schools have lost their honorary names also suggests that they prefer to forget history.
The 23rd Almaty school was named after Hero of the Soviet Union Vasily Klochkov, the 83rd was named after Hero of the USSR Shemyakin, there are only a few named schools left, says Aigul Baikadamova. “And patriotism starts from here – with names, with reverence and knowledge of history.”
Aigul Bakhytzhanovna gave the example of school-lyceum No. 5 in Kyzylorda, which still bears the name of Hero of the Soviet Union Ivan Panfilov:
“They have always been proud of this name and history, and to this day they initiate first-graders into Panfilov. Today, in order to keep children interested in the past, you need to use modern technologies. Telling children that their great-grandfathers fought, showing where and how they can find information about them on the Internet.”