Music. Musical art of the 18th century Musical culture of the 18th century presentation
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Music of the 18th century
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Johann Sebastian Bach
Johann Sebastian Bach was born in 1685 in Germany. From 1723 until his death he lived in Leipzig. There he creates his the best works one of the most famous grandiose composition for choir, soloists and orchestras "St. Matthew Passion". The basis for it was the text of the Gospel, according to legend, written by the disciple of Christ the apostle Matthew, which tells about last days Jesus, his suffering and death. Bach fills this text with new meaning and turns the Gospel legend into a folk drama in which the Hero sacrifices himself for the salvation of people, atoning for people's sins with his own suffering and opening the way to salvation for them. Johann Sebastian Bach died 1750.
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Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born on January 27, 1756 in Salzburg and was baptized on the second day of his life in the Cathedral of St. Rupert. A penchant for music manifested itself in Mozart in early childhood, he was about three years old. His father Leopold is one of the leading European music teachers of that time. He taught his son the basics of playing the harpsichord, violin and organ From 1770 to 1774 Mozart lived in Italy. In 1771 and 1772, Mozart's operas Mithridates, King of Pontus and Lucio Sulla were performed in Milan with great success. By the seventeenth birthday of the composer, among his works there were already 4 operas, several spiritual poems, 13 symphonies, 24 sonatas and many small compositions.
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In 1779, the composer received a position as court organist in Salzburg. On January 26, 1781, the opera Idomeneo was staged with great success, with which the reform of lyrical and dramatic art began. The opera "The Abduction from the Seraglio" was written in 1782 and was widely distributed in Germany. Mozart wrote it during a romantic relationship with Constance Weber, who became his wife. From 1786, the composer began a very prolific activity, which caused a breakdown in his health. He wrote the opera "The Marriage of Figaro" in just 6 weeks and immediately after it was written, he began work on the opera "Don Giovanni", which had more greater success in Prague in 1787. Mozart died on December 5, 1791. Until now, no one knows what caused the death of the composer.
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Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827) was a great German composer, pianist and conductor. Beethoven was born on December 17, 1770 in Bonn into a musical family. From childhood, they began to teach him to play the organ, harpsichord, violin, flute. For the first time, the composer Nefe became seriously engaged with Ludwig. Already at the age of 12, in the biography of Ludwig van Beethoven, the first work of a musical orientation was obtained - an assistant organist at court. Beethoven studied several languages, tried to compose music.
Ludwig van Beethoven
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After his mother's death in 1787, he took over the financial responsibilities of the family. Ludwig Beethoven began to play in the orchestra, listen to university lectures. Having accidentally encountered Haydn in Bonn, Beethoven decides to take lessons from him. For this, he moves to Vienna. After some attempts, Haydn sends Beethoven to study with Albrechtsberger. Haydn noted that Beethoven's music was dark and strange. However, in those years, virtuoso piano playing brought Ludwig first glory. Beethoven's works differ from classical clavenist playing. In the same place, in Vienna, famous works were written in the future: Moonlight Sonata Beethoven, Pathetic. In 1802-1812, Beethoven wrote sonatas with special desire and zeal. Then a whole series of works for piano, cello, the famous Ninth Symphony, Solemn Mass were created. In the biography of Ludwig van Beethoven of those years, the fame and popularity of the composer were very high. Even the authorities, despite his frank thoughts, did not dare to touch the musician. However, strong feelings for his nephew, whom Beethoven took under guardianship, quickly aged the composer. On March 26, 1827, Beethoven died.
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Thank you for your attention and now the questions:
1What year was Bach born? 2Where did he live all this time? 3 What year did he die? 4In what year and where did Mozart live? 5In what year was "Idomenei" staged? 6 When did he die? 7 When was Beethoven born? 8 who worked with him? 9When did mother die? 10 When did Beethoven die?
1685
In Leipzig
1750
January 27, 1756 in Salzburg
In 1781
On December 5, 1791
In 1770
Nehe
In 1787
In 1827
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In the 30s. the court opera was created, where Italian artists played. Seria operas were staged on its stage. Gradually, Russian singers from the court choir began to take part in the performances (professional musicians were trained here). Famous foreign composers worked in Russia; it was they who until the middle of the 18th century determined the musical life of the capital. The Italian Francesco Araya (1709 - about 1770) composed the first opera in Russian text - "Cefal and Prokris". In 1755 the premiere of the opera took place; performed by Russian singers. In the 60s. there appeared domestic professional composers representing the national music school. They worked in the field of opera, choral and instrumental music.
The best masters of the choral concert of the XVIII century. - Maxim Sozontovich Berezovsky (1745-1777) and Dmitry Stepanovich Bortnyansky (1751 - 1825). The best masters of the choral concert of the XVIII century. - Maxim Sozontovich Berezovsky (1745-1777) and Dmitry Stepanovich Bortnyansky (1751 - 1825). Bortnyansky's concertos are outstanding examples of Russian choral music. The secret of the charm of his compositions lies in sublime simplicity and cordiality. He created a large number of concertos for different compositions: for one and two four-part choirs, for a six-part choir, etc. Bortnyansky was a comprehensively gifted composer. In addition to sacred choral music, he wrote operas and compositions for the clavier. One of the outstanding Russian opera composers of the 18th century. - Evstigney Ipatovich Fomin. He received an excellent education in Italy; was a member of the Bologna Philharmonic Academy. His most famous works are the operas "Coachmen on the base" and "Orpheus".
Secular art, especially theater, was considered a sinful luxury. In 1660, the restoration (restoration) of the monarchy took place: Charles II Stuart ascended the throne. Artistic life centered (as in other states at that time) around the royal court. Charles II, returning to his homeland from French emigration, sought to imitate Louis XIV. The activities of the Royal Chapel resumed; at the English court, an Italian opera troupe gave performances, famous singers and instrumentalists performed. English musicians again got the opportunity to get acquainted with the achievements of Italian and French masters. Secular art, especially theater, was considered a sinful luxury. In 1660, the restoration (restoration) of the monarchy took place: Charles II Stuart ascended the throne. Artistic life centered (as in other states at that time) around the royal court. Charles II, returning to his homeland from French emigration, sought to imitate Louis XIV. The activities of the Royal Chapel resumed; at the English court, an Italian opera troupe gave performances, famous singers and instrumentalists performed. English musicians again got the opportunity to get acquainted with the achievements of Italian and French masters.
French music, along with Italian, is one of the significant cultural phenomena of the 17th-18th centuries. The development of musical art was associated primarily with opera and chamber music. instrumental music. French opera was strongly influenced by classicism (from Latin classicus - "exemplary") - an artistic style that developed in France in the 17th century. French music, along with Italian, is one of the significant cultural phenomena of the 17th-18th centuries. The development of musical art was associated primarily with opera and chamber instrumental music. French opera was strongly influenced by classicism (from Latin classicus - "exemplary") - an artistic style that developed in France in the 17th century. At the court of the "king of the sun" Louis XIV, the opera occupied an important place. The Royal Academy of Music (the theater where opera performances took place) became one of the symbols of the luxury of the royal court and the power of the monarch.
slide 2
Music of Russia 17-18 century.
In Russia in the 18th century, profound changes took place. The reforms of Peter I (1682-1725) not only affected the political structure of the country, but also had a serious impact on culture. Secular art began to develop. New forms of musical life appeared, borrowed from Europe. Music accompanied numerous masquerades and balls that were held in St. Petersburg. Peter usually entered the city with great pomp, to the sounds of an orchestra and festive chants. Military and court orchestras included, as a rule, several pipes and horns, string instruments. They played at dinners, hunts, walks, etc. The pieces performed were simple. Especially widespread were solemn songs - cantes (from Latin cantus - "singing", "song").
slide 3
During the Petrine era, music became an obligatory part of European education. Noble children were taught music along with other "fine" arts and etiquette. Over time, amateur music-making appeared.
slide 4
In the 30s. the court opera was created, where Italian artists played. Seria operas were staged on its stage. Gradually, Russian singers from the court choir began to take part in the performances (professional musicians were trained here). Famous foreign composers worked in Russia; it was they who until the middle of the 18th century determined the musical life of the capital. The Italian Francesco Araya (1709 - about 1770) composed the first opera in Russian text - "Cefal and Prokris". In 1755 the premiere of the opera took place; performed by Russian singers. In the 60s. domestic professional composers appeared, representing the national music school. They worked in the field of opera, choral and instrumental music.
slide 5
Composers
The best masters of the choral concert of the XVIII century. - Maxim Sozontovich Berezovsky (1745-1777) and Dmitry Stepanovich Bortnyansky (1751 - 1825). Bortnyansky's concertos are outstanding examples of Russian choral music. The secret of the charm of his compositions lies in sublime simplicity and cordiality. He created a large number of concertos for different compositions: for one and two four-part choirs, for a six-part choir, etc. Bortnyansky was a comprehensively gifted composer. In addition to sacred choral music, he wrote operas and compositions for the clavier. One of the outstanding Russian opera composers of the 18th century. - Evstigney Ipatovich Fomin. He received an excellent education in Italy; was a member of the Bologna Philharmonic Academy. His most famous works are the operas "Coachmen on the base" and "Orpheus".
slide 6
Music of England 17th - 18th century.
Secular art, especially theater, was considered a sinful luxury. In 1660, the restoration (restoration) of the monarchy took place: Charles II Stuart ascended the throne. Artistic life centered (as in other states at that time) around the royal court. Charles II, returning to his homeland from French emigration, sought to imitate Louis XIV. The activities of the Royal Chapel resumed; at the English court, an Italian opera troupe gave performances, famous singers and instrumentalists performed. English musicians again got the opportunity to get acquainted with the achievements of Italian and French masters.
Slide 7
French music 17 - 18 century.
French music, along with Italian, is one of the significant cultural phenomena of the 17th-18th centuries. The development of musical art was associated primarily with opera and chamber instrumental music. French opera was strongly influenced by classicism (from Latin classicus - "exemplary") - an artistic style that developed in France in the 17th century. At the court of the "king of the sun" Louis XIV, the opera occupied an important place. The Royal Academy of Music (the theater where opera performances took place) became one of the symbols of the luxury of the royal court and the power of the monarch.
Slide 8
Instruments:
Brass: Oboe Flute Clarinet Trumpet
Slide 9
Strings: Shamiset Banjo Mandolin Violin
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Slides captions:
In Russia in the 18th century, profound changes took place. The reforms of Peter I (1682-1725) not only affected the political structure of the country, but also had a serious impact on culture. Secular art began to develop. New forms of musical life appeared, borrowed from Europe. Music accompanied numerous masquerades and balls that were held in St. Petersburg. Peter usually entered the city with great pomp, to the sounds of an orchestra and festive chants. Military and court orchestras included, as a rule, several pipes and horns, string instruments. They played at dinners, hunts, walks, etc. The pieces performed were simple. Especially widespread were solemn songs - cantes (from Latin cantus - "singing", "song").
In the era of Peter the Great, music became an obligatory part of European education. Noble children were taught music along with other "fine" arts and etiquette. Over time, amateur music-making appeared.
In the 30s. the court opera was created, where Italian artists played. Seria operas were staged on its stage. Gradually, Russian singers from the court choir began to take part in the performances (professional musicians were trained here). Famous foreign composers worked in Russia; it was they who until the middle of the 18th century determined the musical life of the capital. The Italian Francesco Araya (1709 - about 1770) composed the first opera in Russian text - "Cefal and Prokris". In 1755 the premiere of the opera took place; performed by Russian singers. In the 60s. domestic professional composers appeared, representing the national music school. They worked in the field of opera, choral and instrumental music.
The best masters of the choral concert of the XVIII century. - Maxim Sozontovich Berezovsky (1745-1777) and Dmitry Stepanovich Bortnyansky (1751 - 1825). Bortnyansky's concertos are outstanding examples of Russian choral music. The secret of the charm of his compositions lies in sublime simplicity and cordiality. He created a large number of concertos for different compositions: for one and two four-part choirs, for a six-part choir, etc. Bortnyansky was a comprehensively gifted composer. In addition to sacred choral music, he wrote operas and compositions for the clavier. One of the outstanding Russian opera composers of the 18th century. - Evstigney Ipatovich Fomin. He received an excellent education in Italy; was a member of the Bologna Philharmonic Academy. His most famous works are the operas "Coachmen on the base" and "Orpheus".
Secular art, especially theater, was considered a sinful luxury. In 1660, the restoration (restoration) of the monarchy took place: Charles II Stuart ascended the throne. Artistic life centered (as in other states at that time) around the royal court. Charles II, returning to his homeland from French emigration, sought to imitate Louis XIV. The activities of the Royal Chapel resumed; at the English court, an Italian opera troupe gave performances, famous singers and instrumentalists performed. English musicians again got the opportunity to get acquainted with the achievements of Italian and French masters.
French music, along with Italian, is one of the significant cultural phenomena of the 17th-18th centuries. The development of musical art was associated primarily with opera and chamber instrumental music. French opera was strongly influenced by classicism (from Latin classicus - "exemplary") - an artistic style that developed in France in the 17th century. At the court of the "king of the sun" Louis XIV, the opera occupied an important place. The Royal Academy of Music (the theater where opera performances took place) became one of the symbols of the luxury of the royal court and the power of the monarch.
Brass: Oboe Flute Clarinet Trumpet
Strings: Shamiset Banjo Mandolin Violin
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