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Types of art and their classification

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Art is a creative reflection, the reproduction of reality in artistic images.
Art exists and develops as a system of interconnected species, the diversity of which is due to the versatility of the real world itself, displayed in the process artistic creativity.
Types of art are historically established forms of creative activity that have the ability to artistically realize the content of life and differ in the methods of its material embodiment (words in literature, sound in music, plastic and coloristic materials in the visual arts, etc.).

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spatial or plastic arts
temporary or dynamic
spatio-temporal views or synthetic, spectacular
Existence various types arts is due to the fact that none of them, by their own means, can give an artistic, comprehensive picture of the world. Such a picture can only be created by all art culture humanity as a whole, consisting of individual types of art.
fine arts architecture photography
music literature
choreography theater cinema
KINDS OF ART

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ARCHITECTURE
Architecture (Greek "architecton" - "master, builder") is a monumental art form, the purpose of which is to create structures and buildings necessary for the life and activities of mankind, meeting the utilitarian and spiritual needs of people.
The shapes of architectural structures depend on geographical and climatic conditions, the nature of the landscape, the intensity of sunlight, seismic safety, etc.

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ARCHITECTURE
Architecture is more closely connected with the development of productive forces and the development of technology than other arts. Architecture can be combined with monumental painting, sculpture, decorative and other forms of art. The basis of architectural composition is the volumetric-spatial structure, the organic relationship of the elements of a building or ensemble of buildings. The scale of the structure largely determines the nature of the artistic image, its monumentality or intimacy.
Architecture does not directly reproduce reality; it is not pictorial, but expressive in nature.

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ART
graphic arts
sculpture
painting
Fine art is a group of types of artistic creativity that reproduce visually perceived reality. Works of art have an objective form that does not change in time and space.

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GRAPHIC ARTS
Graphics (translated from Greek - “I write, I draw”) are, first of all, drawings and artistic printed works (engraving, lithography). It is based on the possibility of creating an expressive artistic form by using lines, strokes and spots of different colors applied to the surface of the sheet.
Graphics preceded painting. At first, man learned to capture the outlines and plastic forms of objects, then to distinguish and reproduce their colors and shades. Mastering color was a historical process: not all colors were mastered at once.

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GRAPHIC ARTS
The specificity of graphics is linear relationships. By reproducing the shapes of objects, it conveys their illumination, the ratio of light and shadow, etc. Painting captures the real relationships of the colors of the world; in color and through color it expresses the essence of objects, their aesthetic value, verifies their social purpose, their correspondence or contradiction with the environment .
In progress historical development Color began to penetrate into drawings and printed graphics, and now graphics include drawings with colored chalk - pastels, and color engravings, and painting with watercolors - watercolors and gouache. In various literature on art history, there are different points of view regarding graphics. In some sources: graphics is a type of painting, while in others it is a separate subtype of fine art.

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PAINTING
Painting is a flat fine art, the specificity of which is to represent, using paints applied to the surface, an image of the real world, transformed creative imagination artist.
monumental fresco (from Italian Fresco) - painting on wet plaster with paints diluted in water mosaic (from French mosaiqe) an image made of colored stones, smalt (Smalt is colored transparent glass.), ceramic tiles.
easel (from the word "machine") - a canvas that is created on an easel.

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Genres of painting. Portrait.
The main task is to convey an idea of ​​a person’s external appearance, to reveal a person’s inner world, to emphasize his individuality, psychological and emotional image.
Peter Paul Rubens. "Portrait of the Infanta Isabella's Chambermaid", c. 1625, Hermitage
Vasily Andreevich Tropinin Portrait of Pushkin

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Genres of painting. Scenery.
Landscape - reproduces the world in all its diversity of forms. Image seascape defined by the term Marinism.
Claude Monet. "Irises in Monet's Garden." 1900
Isaac Levitan. "Spring. Big water." 1897

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Genres of painting. Still life.
Still life - depiction of household items, tools, flowers, fruits. Helps to understand the worldview and way of life of a certain era.
Willem Kalf. Still life with porcelain vase, silver-gilt jug and glasses, c. 1643-1644.
Henri Fantin-Latour. Still life with flowers and fruit.

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Genres of painting. Historical.
The historical genre is a genre of painting that originates in the Renaissance and includes works not only based on real events, but also mythological, biblical and evangelical paintings.
The last day of Pompeii, 1830-1833, Bryullov

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Genres of painting. Domestic.
Everyday genre - reflects daily life people, character, customs, traditions of a particular ethnic group.
Mural painting with everyday scenes, funerary storeroom of Nakta, Ancient Egypt
Workshop of calligraphers and miniature masters, 1590-1595.

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Genres of painting. Iconography.
Iconography (translated from Greek as “prayer image”) is the main goal of guiding a person on the path of transformation.
“Holy Trinity” by Andrei Rublev (1410)
Christ Pantocrator, one of the oldest icons of Christ, 6th century, Sinai Monastery

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Genres of painting. Animalism.
Animalism is the image of an animal as the main character of a work of art.
Albrecht Durer. "Hare", 1502
Franz Marc, "Blue Horse", 1911

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SCULPTURE
Sculpture is a spatially visual art that explores the world in plastic images. The main materials used in sculpture are stone, bronze, marble, and wood. On modern stage development of society, technological progress, the number of materials used to create sculpture has expanded: steel, plastic, concrete and others.

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SCULPTURE
monumental
monuments monuments memorials
easel
designed for close-up inspection and intended for interior decoration.
decorative
used for household decoration (small plastic items)

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DECORATIVE AND APPLIED ARTS
Decorative and applied art is a type of creative activity for creating household items intended to satisfy the utilitarian and artistic and aesthetic needs of people.
Decorative and applied arts include products made from a variety of materials and using various technologies. The material for a DPI item can be metal, wood, clay, stone, bone. There are a wide variety of technical and artistic techniques for making products: carving, embroidery, painting, embossing, etc. Main characteristic feature the subject of DPI is decorativeness, which consists in imagery and the desire to decorate, make better, more beautiful.

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DECORATIVE AND APPLIED ARTS

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DECORATIVE AND APPLIED ARTS
Decorative and applied arts have national character. Since it comes from the customs, habits, and beliefs of a certain ethnic group, it is close to their way of life. An important component of decorative and applied arts are folk arts and crafts - a form of organizing artistic work based on collective creativity, developing local cultural traditions and focused on the sale of craft products.

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Wood carving
Bogorodskaya
Abramtsevo-Kudrinskaya

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Wood painting
Polkhov-Maidanskaya Mezenskaya

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Wood painting
Khokhloma Gorodetskaya

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Decorating birch bark products
birch bark embossing painting

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Artistic stone processing
hard stone processing soft stone processing

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Bone carving
Kholmogorskaya
Tobolskaya

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Miniature painting on papier-mâché
Fedoskino miniature
Mstera miniature
Palekh miniature

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Artistic metal processing
Veliky Ustyug black silver
Rostov enamel
Zhostovo metal painting

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Gzhel ceramics Skopin ceramics
Folk ceramics
Dymkovo toy Kargopol toy

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Lace making
Vologda lace
Mikhailovskoe lace

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Painting on fabric
Pavlovsk scarves and shawls

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Colored interlace
Embroidery
Vladimirskaya
Gold embroidery

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LITERATURE
Literature is a type of art in which the material carrier of imagery is the word. The sphere of literature includes natural and social phenomena, various social cataclysms, the spiritual life of the individual, and his feelings. In its various genres, literature covers this material either through a dramatic reproduction of an action, or through an epic narration of events, or through a lyrical self-disclosure of a person’s inner world.

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Literature
artistic
educational
historical
scientific
reference

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MUSICAL ART
Music - (from the Greek musike - lit. - the art of muses), a type of art in which the means of embodying artistic images are organized musical sounds in a certain way. Basic elements and means of expression music - mode, rhythm, meter, tempo, volume dynamics, timbre, melody, harmony, polyphony, instrumentation. Music is recorded in musical notation and realized in the process of performance.

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MUSICAL ART
Music is shared
- into genres - song, chorale, dance, march, symphony, suite, sonata, etc.
- for types and types - theatrical (opera, etc.), symphonic, chamber, etc.;

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CHOREOGRAPHY
Choreography (gr. Choreia - dancing + grapho - writing) is a type of art, the material of which is the movements and poses of the human body, poetically meaningful, organized in time and space, constituting an artistic system.

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CHOREOGRAPHY
Dance interacts with music, together with it forming a musical and choreographic image. In this union, each component depends on the other: the music dictates its own patterns to the dance and at the same time is influenced by the dance. In some cases, the dance can be performed without music - accompanied by clapping, tapping with heels, etc. The origins of the dance were: imitation labor processes; ritual celebrations and ceremonies, the plastic side of which had a certain regulation and semantics; a dance that spontaneously expresses in movements the culmination of a person’s emotional state.

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PHOTO ART
A specific feature of photographic art is the organic interaction of creative and technological processes in it. Photographic art developed at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries as a result of the interaction of artistic thought and the progress of photographic science and technology. Its emergence was historically prepared by the development of painting, which focused on a mirror-like accurate image of the visible world and used the discoveries of geometric optics (perspective) and optical instruments (camera obscura) to achieve this goal. The specificity of photographic art is that it provides a visual image of documentary significance.

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FILM ARTS
Cinema is the art of reproducing moving images captured on film on the screen, creating the impression of living reality. Cinema invention of the 20th century. Its appearance was determined by the achievements of science and technology in the field of optics, electrical and photographic engineering, chemistry, etc.
The cinema conveys the dynamics of the era; Working with time as a means of expression, cinema is able to convey the succession of various events in their internal logic.

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The presentation was made by Tatyana Aleksandrovna Vashchenko Thank you for your attention!!

Center for aesthetic education of children "Oreshki" theater department

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Topic 2. "Kinds of art"

photo

circus

arts and crafts

sculpture

dance

art

folk art

music

stage

painting

theater

architecture

movie

Kinds of art - these are historically established forms of creative activity

Each type has individual ability artistic representation of the real world

Each type has its own way of implementing the plan:

• word in literature
• sound in music
• plastic and coloristic materials in fine arts
• dance movement, etc.

Different types of art - live, distributed, broadcast, either in space or in time. Or maybe the totality of space and time, then art refers to spatio-temporal.

Classification of species

Spatial (plastic)

Temporary (dynamic

Spatio-temporal

TO spatial types of art should include those types of art that live in space, spread in space. This is first of all fine arts, graphics, architecture, sculpture, etc.

Temporary arts are those types of art that spread over time, namely: music, dance, facial expressions. Time has nothing to do with sculpture, architecture, or painting, since they belong to the group of spatial arts.

Theater, like cinema , occupies an intermediate position between the group of temporary arts and the group of spatial arts. Because this art is synthetic. Thus, we classify theater as a space-time art.

Art is as multifaceted as reality, this is the soul of a person .

What is art?

What types of art do you know?

What are spatial forms of art? Why are they called that?

What are temporary forms of art? Why?

What are space-time arts?

Each art form has its own means of expression. Which ones do you think?

What type of art are you most interested in? Why?

Creative homework

Using the expressive means of any type of art, create your own small work.

Good luck in your creativity !

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Everyone knows what art is. Everyone talks about art, expresses their opinions, their judgments, makes their assessments, but no one can clearly say what art is. There is no definition of art. Many thinkers have studied this phenomenon. Aristotle, Socrates, Hegel, Leonardo da Vinci, Kant, Belinsky, Chernyshevsky, Tolstoy, Plekhanov, Kandinsky, Malevich, Mironov... There was no satisfactory definition of art.

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First of all, art is a means of conveying the artist’s feelings; it allows us to preserve for future generations the spiritual experience accumulated by humanity. Thanks to art, there is an exchange of thoughts, feelings, aspirations, without which human existence is unthinkable. Thus, thanks to the genius of Homer, Raphael, Shostakovich, we become smarter, sharper, and spiritually richer. This is the so-called communicative (from the Latin communicatio - message) function of art.

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The educational function of art plays a huge role. Any of us can admit that he took pleasure in learning many vivid and unforgettable information from works of art A. Dumas, J. Verna, M. Sholokhova. Even the ancient Greeks noticed an amazing property of art: to teach while entertaining. N.G. Chernyshevsky also had this same feature of art in mind when he said that art is a textbook of life that even those who do not like other textbooks read with pleasure. F. Engels noted that from Balzac’s novels he learned much more about the history of French society than from the works of specialists. But even more important is the ability of art to reveal the secrets of a person’s spiritual world, thanks to which it becomes not only a means of knowledge, but also an instrument of self-knowledge. Revealing before us spiritual world his heroes, the artist gives us the opportunity to know ourselves, to understand in ourselves what without the help of art we would never have noticed or comprehended.

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Everyone has experienced the educational function of art. By educating, art addresses not only our thoughts, but also our feelings; it requires from us not only understanding, but also empathy, and this latter sinks into the depths of our consciousness. Art allows us to feel and experience something that has never happened to us before. real life, and thereby educates us, forcing us to make a choice and take certain positions. Thus, art becomes a means of not only emotional, but also ideological education.

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For the average person it seems clear and understandable that art is a manifestation of beauty; and beauty explains for him all questions of art. L. Tolstoy

What is art? Art is a specific form of social consciousness and human activity, which is a reflection of surrounding activity in artistic images. Art is a specific form of social consciousness and human activity, which is a reflection of surrounding activity in artistic images.

Painting Painting is a type of art whose work is a reflection of life on a certain surface using color. Painting is a type of art whose work is a reflection of life on a certain surface using color.

Sculpture Sculpture is a type of fine art, the works of which have a physical material volume and a three-dimensional form located in real space. Sculpture is a type of fine art, the works of which have a physical material volume and a three-dimensional form located in real space.

Decorative and applied art Decorative and applied art is a type of fine art directly related to household needs of people. Decorative and applied art is a type of fine art directly related to the everyday needs of people.

Music Music is an art form that reflects reality in sound artistic images. Music is an art form that reflects reality in sound artistic images. Music is an art form that reflects reality in sound artistic images. Music is an art form that reflects reality in sound artistic images. music

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Presentation - Types of art

Text of this presentation

Kinds of art
Prepared by: Limanskaya Anna, 8 b

Art is a specific type of reflection and formation of reality by a person in the process of artistic creativity in accordance with certain aesthetic ideals. Types of art are divided into 3 main types: 1) Spatial; 2) temporal; 3) spatio-temporal.

1. SPATIAL TYPES OF ART Spatial arts are divided into: - into fine Arts: painting, sculpture, graphics, photography and others; non-fine arts: architecture, decorative and applied arts and artistic construction (design).

SPATIAL Fine arts Fine art is a type of art whose main feature is the reflection of reality in visual, visually perceptible images. Fine arts include:
painting,
graphic arts,
sculpture,
photographic art

PAINTING is a type of fine art, works of which are created on a plane using colored materials. Painting is divided into:
easel
monumental
decorative

GRAPHICS - the art of depicting objects with contour lines and strokes. Sometimes the graphics allow the use of colored spots.

SCULPTURE is a type of fine art, the works of which have a physically material, objective volume and three-dimensional form located in real space. The main objects of the sculpture are humans and images of the animal world. The main types of sculpture are round sculpture and relief.

PHOTOART - the art of creating artistic photography

SPATIAL Non-visual arts
design (artistic design).
architecture
decorative and applied arts,

ARCHITECTURE - the art of: - design and construction of buildings; and - creating artistically expressive ensembles.

DECORATIVE ART is a field of plastic arts, the works of which, along with architecture, artistically shape the material environment surrounding a person. Decorative art is divided into: - monumental and decorative art; - decorative and applied arts; and - design art.

DESIGN - artistic construction objective world; development of samples of rational construction of a subject environment. - creative activity, the purpose of which is to determine the formal qualities of industrial products

2. TEMPORARY TYPES OF ART Temporary types of art include: 1) music; 2) fiction.

Music is an art form that reflects reality in sound artistic images. Music can convey emotions and feelings of people, which is expressed in rhythm, intonation, and melody. According to the method of performance, it is divided into instrumental and vocal.
. Music is also divided into: folk and classical modern jazz military spiritual

Fiction is a type of art that uses words and structures of natural (written human) language as the only material. Literature is a written form of word art, in the broad sense of the word: the totality of any written texts.

3. SPATIO-TEMPORAL (spectacular) TYPES OF ART These types of art include: 1) dance; 2) theater; 3) cinema; 4) circus art.

DANCE is an art form in which artistic images are created by means of plastic movements and rhythmically clear and continuous changes in the expressive positions of the human body. Dance is inextricably linked with music, the emotional and figurative content of which is embodied in its choreographic composition, movements, figures

THEATER is a type of art that reflects reality, characters, events, conflicts, their interpretation and evaluation through dramatic action that arises during the actor’s performance in front of the public. In the course of historical development, three main types of theater were identified, distinguished by specific features and means. artistic expression: drama, opera and ballet theaters.

CINEMA - a type of art whose works are created by filming real, or specially staged, or using the means of animation of events, facts, and phenomena of reality. This is a synthetic art form that combines literature, theater, visual arts and music.