Mini-essay on the topic “Good and Evil in the novel “The Master and Margarita. Composition Bulgakov M.A.
Sometimes life is extremely difficult and incomprehensible. Unfortunately, there are no instructions for doing the right thing, so questions like “forgive or not forgive?” or "revenge - forget?" become rhetorical. It has become a breeding ground for many literary works, in particular, the novel "The Master and Margarita" is saturated with the philosophy of life and "stuffed" with questions about human virtue.
- (Can cruelty be justified?)."The Master and Margarita" - a novel that illuminated all sorts of philosophical themes and raised issues human life. The work begins with a story about two friends - Berlioz and Ivan Bezdomny, arguing about the faith of people, or rather, about the existence of God. A mysterious stranger is included in the course of their conversation, trying to reason with the gentlemen on such a delicate issue. However, the comrades showed stubbornness and refused to believe in the existence of higher powers. After quite a bit of time, Berlioz was hit by a tram. The moral, concluded by the lips of Woland: "Everyone will be rewarded according to his faith." Can this be considered cruelty on the part of Satan, and if so, is it justified? On his part, he deservedly punished the unbelievers, taught a lesson. From this lesson began Woland's revenge on people - so sinful and godless. One can reproach him only for the radical nature of the measures taken, but one cannot but agree that the punishments were well-deserved.
- (False kindness turned into cruelty) Can kindness turn into cruelty? Yes, if we turn to Bulgakov's novel The Master and Margarita. Woland is the embodiment of Satan, throughout the book he gives people life lessons. It is worth recalling an episode from the Variety Theatre. Woland decided to study the changed nature of the Muscovites, and his retinue exposed human vices with their fantastic tricks. During this performance, citizens were literally showered with money, women were gifted with the latest dresses and the most fashionable accessories. Satan did not skimp on such gifts, which fully emphasized the commercialism and stinginess of people. The greed with which they tried to grab the “tidbit” turned them into animals that are ready to squabble for the desired thing. The greedy Muscovites paid for their behavior in full: the sinful adventures of the spectators were revealed, the money turned to dust, and the women were completely naked on the streets of the city. Woland taught a lesson to a generation spoiled by the housing problem. From here it must be taken out that kindness, embodied in an act, often has completely different motives. Often it is she who is the instrument of sophisticated cruelty, which Satan is so famous for.
- (Kindness is impossible without self-sacrifice) What is kindness? I think this quality includes such an element as a readiness for self-sacrifice. Eg, main character novel "The Master and Margarita", distinguished by kindness, found herself in a rather difficult life situation, with her own problems and unanswered questions. She clearly needed the help of higher powers to understand the current situation. Fortunately for her, if I may say so, she turns out to be of interest to Satan, Woland, who has come to the city. She is honored to be invited to his Grand Ball, and even as a queen. By agreement with the devil, at the end of the ball, the girl had the right to a request, which Woland undeniably had to fulfill. Finding herself at the triumph of unclean forces, Margarita fills her loneliness and fear with new acquaintances. So, on her way she meets the vicious Frida, who touched the heroine with her sad story. The victim suffers a vengeful ordeal for her sinful act - she strangled her unwanted newborn child. Margarita is so imbued with the fate of a new acquaintance that at the end of the ball she uses her request to save Frida from torment. Asking not for herself, but for another person, Margarita discouraged the participants of the ball, and many readers. Instead of her happiness, she chose to help a person in need, such kindness on her part deserves a special bow. Thus, readiness for self-sacrifice is the main element of kindness, without which the manifestation of this quality is impossible.
Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov - Great master, who brings light with his talent, without hiding the darkness...
Indeed, he did not hide the darkness. This time, in which the author lived and worked, tried to hide his lawlessness and tragedy from his contemporaries. Time tried to hide Bulgakov himself as an author. In the thirties, he was one of the "forbidden". After the publication of the beginning of The White Guard, until the end of his life he failed to publish a single significant work. And only many years later, after the death of the author, his works in full became available to the reader. For a long time, Bulgakov's last work, The Master and Margarita, remained “in the shadows”. This is a complex, multifaceted work. Its genre was defined by the author himself as “ fantasy novel". Through combinations of the real and the fantastic, Bulgakov raises many problems in his work, shows the moral flaws and shortcomings of society. Laughter and sadness, love and moral duty I see when I read the pages of the novel. One of the main themes, it seems to me, is the eternal theme of good and evil.
As long as man exists on earth, there will be good and evil. Through evil we understand what good is. And good, in turn, reveals evil, illuminating the path to truth for a person. There will always be a struggle between good and evil.
Bulgakov portrayed this struggle in a very peculiar and skillful way in his work. The devil's retinue sweeps through Moscow like a whirlwind. For that Moscow, in which there is a lie, distrust of people, envy and hypocrisy. These vices, this evil, Woland exposes to the readers - an artistically rethought image of Satan. His fantastic evil in the novel shows real evil, mercilessly exposes the hypocrisy of such people as Styopa Likhodeev, a significant person in the cultural and high circles of Moscow - a drunkard, a debauchee, a downcast loafer. Nikanor Ivanovich Barefoot is a swindler and a rogue, a variety show bartender is a thief, the poet A. Ryukhin is an inveterate hypocrite. Thus, Woland calls everyone by their proper names, indicating who is who. At a session of black magic in a Moscow variety show, he undresses, literally and figuratively, citizens who covet free goods, and sadly concludes: “They love money, but it has always been ... Well, frivolous ... well, what .. ... and mercy sometimes knocks on their hearts ... ordinary people ... In general, they resemble the former ones ... ”
And what were they, these former ones? The author takes us to distant Yershalaim, to the palace of the fifth procurator of Judea, Pontius Pilate. “In Yershalaim everyone whispers about me that I am a ferocious monster, and this is absolutely true.” The procurator lives according to his own laws, according to which the world is divided into those who rule and those who obey, the slave obeys his master - this is an unshakable postulate. And suddenly there is someone who thinks differently. A man of about twenty-seven, whose hands are tied and who is physically absolutely helpless. But he is not afraid of the procurator, he even dares to object to him: "... the temple of the old faith will collapse and a new temple of truth will be created." This is a man - Yeshua is convinced that there are no evil people in the world, there are only “unhappy” people. Yeshua interested the procurator. Pontius Pilate wanted and even tried to save Yeshua from a bitter fate, but he could not give up his truth: “Among other things, I said that all power is violence against people and that the time will come when there will be no power of either Caesars or any or other authority. Man will pass into the realm of truth and justice, where no power will be needed at all.” But the procurator cannot put up with this, this is a clear contradiction of his ideology. Yeshua is executed. A man was executed who brought the righteous light of truth to people, goodness was his essence. This man was spiritually independent, he defended the truth of goodness, inspired faith and love. Pontius Pilate understands that his greatness turned out to be imaginary, that he is a coward, he is tormented by his conscience. She is punished, his soul cannot find peace, but Yeshua - the embodiment of the moral force of good in the novel - forgives him. He passed away, but the grains of goodness left by him are alive. And for many centuries people have believed in Jesus Christ, whose prototype is Yeshua. And the eternal desire for goodness is irresistible. The master writes a novel about Christ and Pilate. In his understanding, Christ is a thinking and suffering person, bringing enduring values into the world, an inexhaustible source of goodness. The truth was revealed to the Master, he believed and nevertheless fulfilled the mission for which he lived. He came into this life to write a novel about Christ. The Master, like Yeshua, pays dearly for the right to proclaim his truth. The prophets find their place in the lunatic asylum. And the world, alas, turns out to be such that the devil acts as a judge. He is the one who pays everyone what they deserve. The master leaves people, finding peace and happiness. But on earth it remains immortal work. The fight between good and evil continues. From generation to generation, people are looking for and will continue to look for a moral ideal, to resolve ethical contradictions, to seek the truth, to fight evil.
I think Bulgakov himself is such a wrestler. His novel is destined for a long life, I believe that he will not be lost in time, but will serve as a source moral ideas for many, many more generations.
The problem of good and evil is an eternal problem that has worried and will worry humanity. What is good and what is evil on earth? This question runs as a leitmotif throughout the entire novel by M. A. Bulgakov “The Master and Margarita”. As you know, two opposing forces cannot but enter into a struggle with each other, therefore the struggle between good and evil is eternal.
The conflict between these forces was most acutely reflected in the novel The Master and Margarita. So, before us is Moscow of the late twenties - early thirties. On a hot and stuffy evening, a gentleman who looks like a foreigner appears on the Patriarch's Ponds: “... he did not limp on any leg, and he was neither small nor huge, but simply tall. As for his teeth, he had platinum crowns on the left side, and gold crowns on the right. He was in an expensive gray suit, in foreign shoes, matching the color of the suit... He looked to be over forty years old. The mouth is kind of crooked. Shaved smoothly. Brunette. The right eye is black, the left one is green for some reason. The eyebrows are black, but one is higher than the other...” This is Woland, the future culprit of all the unrest in Moscow.
There is no doubt that Woland is a representative of the “dark” force. (Woland is translated from Hebrew as "devil".) It is important to pay attention to the epilogue to the novel. These are the words of Mephistopheles from Goethe's "Faust": "I am part of this force that always wants evil and always does good." Mephistopheles in Faust is Satan, who punishes sinners, arranges riots. No, Woland is not like Mephistopheles. His resemblance to him is limited only by external signs! Pointy chin, slanted face, crooked mouth. In the actions of Woland, there is no desire to punish the Muscovites who are mired in sins. He came to Moscow with one purpose - to find out if Moscow has changed since the day he was in it. last time. After all, Moscow claimed the title of the Third Rome. It proclaimed new principles of reorganization, new values, new life. But what does Woland see when he arranges a show of black magic for Muscovites in a variety theater? Greed, envy, the desire to make "easy" money. And Woland draws the following conclusion: “Well... They are people like people. They love money, but it has always been... Mankind loves money, no matter what it is made of, leather, paper, bronze or gold. Well, they are frivolous... well... and mercy sometimes knocks on their hearts... ordinary people... in general, they resemble the former ones... the housing problem only spoiled them...”
Woland's arrival in Moscow is accompanied by riots: Berlioz dies under the wheels of a tram, Ivan Bezdomny goes mad, Griboyedov's House burns down. But is this the work of Woland himself? No. Woland's retinue is partly to blame for the troubles of Muscovites! Koroviev and the cat Behemoth. But most of all, Muscovites themselves are to blame for their misfortunes. After all, it was they who created around themselves a world similar to hell, inhabited by malice, drunkenness, lies, depravity. Let's look at least at the restaurant "House of Griboedov", where they spend their free time MASSOLIT members. Here, “sweating, the waiters carried steamed mugs of beer over their heads”, “some very elderly dancer with a beard in which a green onion feather was stuck”, “the roar of golden plates in jazz was sometimes covered by the roar of dishes, which the dishwashers on an inclined plane went down to the kitchen." The whole atmosphere in the restaurant resembles the underworld described in the Bible, in one word “hell”.
Getting to Satan's ball, we can be convinced that humanity has always lived according to the same laws, has always done evil. Before us and Margarita passes Mrs. Minkhina, who burned her maid's face with curling irons, a young man who sold the girl who loved him to a brothel. But at the same time, we understand that all these people are dead. This means that only the dead get into the “department” of Woland, the “department” of “darkness”. Only when a person is dead, his soul, burdened with sins, falls under the power of Woland. Then comes the retribution for all the evil that a person committed during his lifetime.
Berlioz, the Master and Margarita, and Pontius Pilate, the cruel procurator of Judea, fall into Woland's "department".
How many people have fallen under the power of Satan! Who can join the fight against evil, which of the heroes of the novel is worthy of “light”? This question is answered by the novel written by the Master. In the city of Yershalaim, mired, like Moscow, in debauchery, two people appear: Yeshua Ha-Notsri and Levi Matvey. The first of them believes that there are no evil people and that the worst sin is cowardice. This is the person who is worthy of "light". For the first time he appears before Pontius Pilate “in an old and torn tunic. His head was covered with a white bandage with a strap around his forehead, and his hands were tied behind his back. The man had a large bruise under his left eye, and an abrasion with dried blood in the corner of his mouth.” Is it possible to say that Yeshua Ha-Nozri is Jesus Christ? The fates of these people are similar, they both died on the cross. But it is worth noting that Yeshua was twenty-seven years old and Jesus was thirty-three years old when they were crucified. And Yeshua is the most ordinary person, an orphan, and Jesus Christ is “the son of God”. But it's not that. The main thing is that Yeshua carries goodness in his heart, he never did anything bad in his life, he came to Yershalaim to teach people goodness in order to heal their bodies and souls. He is the savior of mankind. But, unfortunately, humanity does not need salvation. On the contrary, it seeks to get rid of Yeshua as a criminal and a thief. And this is also a struggle between good and evil.
The clash of opposing forces is most vividly presented at the end of the novel, when Woland and his retinue leave Moscow. What do we see? “Light” and “darkness” are on the same level. Woland does not rule the world, but Yeshua does not rule the world either. All Yeshua can do is ask Woland to give the Master and his beloved eternal rest. And Woland fulfills this request. Thus, we come to the conclusion that the forces of good and evil are equal in rights. They exist in the world side by side, constantly opposing, arguing with each other. And their struggle is eternal, because there is no person on Earth who has never committed a sin in his life; and there is no such person who would completely lose the ability to do good. The world is a kind of scales, on the bowls of which lie two weights: good and evil. And, it seems to me, as long as the balance is maintained, the world and humanity will be able to exist.
Bulgakov's novel "Master and Margarita" helps to look at the world in a new way. I believe that this novel helps to find and recognize what is good and what is evil.
The Theme of Good and Evil in The Master and Margarita
The theme of good and evil in Mikhail Bulgakov's novel "The Master and Margarita" is one of the key ones, and, in my opinion, the author's genius surpassed all predecessors in its disclosure.
Good and evil in the work are not two balanced phenomena that enter into open opposition, raising the issue of faith and unbelief. They are dualistic. But if the second one has its mystical side, personified in the image of Woland, a trait in essence, "commands" the other side - the vices of mankind, provokes their identification ("money rain, getting thicker, reached the chairs, and the audience began to catch papers", "women hastily , without any fitting, grabbed shoes"), then Mikhail Afanasyevich gives the leading role to the first people, wanting to see the ability to think independently, loyalty, the ability to sacrifice, inflexibility in the face of temptation, the courage of actions as the main values \u200b\u200bof being ("I ... all night yesterday shook naked, I lost my nature and replaced it with a new one...I cried out the weight of my eye").
The author puts a lot of deep meaning into the word "good". This is not a characteristic of a person or an act, but a way of life, its principle, for which it is not a pity to endure pain and suffering. Bulgakov's idea, spoken through the mouth of Yeshua, is very important and bright: "All people are kind." The fact that she expresses herself in the description of the time when Pontius Pilate lived, that is, "twelve thousand moons" ago, when talking about Moscow in the twenties and thirties, reveals the writer's faith and struggle in eternal good, despite the evil that accompanies it, which also has eternity . “Have these townspeople changed internally?” Satan asked, and although there was no answer, the reader clearly feels a bitter “no, they are still petty, greedy, selfish and stupid.” Thus, his main blow, angry, implacable and exposing, Bulgakov turns against human vices, considering "the most serious" of them to be cowardice, which gives rise to both unscrupulousness, and pity for human nature, and the worthlessness of the existence of impersonal individualism: "Congratulations, citizen, you have seduced!", "Now it is clear to me why this mediocrity got the role of Louise!", "You have always been an ardent preacher of the theory that after cutting off the head, life in a person stops, he turns into ashes and goes into oblivion."
So, Bulgakov's theme of good and evil is the problem of people's choice of the principle of life, and the purpose mystical evil in the novel, to reward each according to that choice. The writer's pen endowed these concepts with the duality of nature: one side is the real, "earthly" struggle of the devil and god inside any person, and the other, fantastic, helps the reader to understand the author's intention, to discern the objects and phenomena of his accusatory satire, philosophical and humanistic ideas. I believe that the main value of The Master and Margarita lies in the fact that Mikhail Afanasyevich considers only a person capable of overcoming any evil, despite circumstances and temptations.
So what's the salvation enduring values according to Bulgakov? Through the fate of Margarita, he presents us with the path of kindness to self-disclosure with the help of purity of heart with huge, sincere love burning in it, in which lies its strength. The writer's Margarita is an ideal. The master is also a bearer of good, because he turned out to be above the prejudices of society and lived guided by his soul. But the writer does not forgive him fear, disbelief, weakness, the fact that he retreated, did not continue the fight for his idea: "Your novel was read ... and they said only one thing, that, unfortunately, it is not over." The image of Satan in the novel is also unusual. Why does this force "always want evil and always do good"? I saw in Bulgakov the devil not as a vile and lustful subject, but from the very beginning serving the good and endowed with a great mind, which the inhabitants of Moscow can envy: "We speak with you in different languages, as always, ... but the things we talk about do not are changing." One way or another, he punishes human evil, helping good deal with it.
So the appearance of the "Messire" turns the consciousness of Ivan Bezdomny, who has already entered the most calm and convenient way of unconscious obedience to the system, and he gave his word: "I will not write more poems" and become a professor of history and philosophy. Great rebirth! And the peace given to the master and Margarita?
Makievskaya Chiara
Chiara is very fond of Bulgakov's novel "The Master and Margarita". She walked through all Bulgakov's places in Moscow, was at performances based on this novel. I am glad that I have students who are anxious about our classical literature, understanding its charm and dignity. I am happy that I have thinking and reflective students.
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An essay by a student of the 11th grade Makiyevskaya Chiara on the topic “Good and Evil in the novel“ The Master and Margarita ”by M.A. Bulgakov"
In the novel "The Master and Margarita" M.A. Bulgakov raises many interesting, relevant and important problems for society. In his work, the author thinks about the role of true love in life and creativity, about courage and cowardice, about true and false life values, about faith and unbelief, and about many other eternal issues, but most of all in the novel I was interested in the problem of good and evil.
Unlike many other classical authors M.A. Bulgakov does not draw an obvious and clear line between good and evil, emphasizing the ambiguity of this problem. M.A. Bulgakov leads the reader to this idea from the very first page of the novel, namely from the epigraph presented by a quote from Faust: "I am part of that force that always wants evil and always does good."
It is this phrase that remarkably characterizes the image of one of the key characters of the novel - Woland. Woland is Bulgakov's interpretation of Satan, a true representative of evil, but is it possible to argue that Woland is the most terrible evil described on the pages of the work? From the first chapters, the reader may have just such an idea, but with each new page and with each new episode, the image of Woland is revealed more and more. Basically, from the Moscow chapters, we learn that in reality Woland does not commit any cruel atrocities, he only exposes the true appearance of Muscovites, tears off their masks and demonstrates all their main vices: greed, envy, greed, hypocrisy, cruelty and selfishness. The author clearly shows this in an episode of a session of black magic in the Variety Theater, where Woland and his retinue perform a series of peculiar tricks, during which the true faces of Muscovites are revealed. Then Woland will note: “They are people like people. They love money, but it has always been ... Humanity loves money, no matter what it is made of, whether it is leather, paper, bronze or gold. Well, frivolous ... well, well ... and mercy sometimes knocks on their hearts ... ordinary people ... in general, they resemble the former ones ... the housing problem only spoiled them ... "
At the same time, Woland not only taught some heroes a lesson, but was able to teach something important, influence fate and change lives for the better. The story of the life of the poet Ivan Bezdomny immediately comes to mind. The meeting with Woland led to many troubles for Ivan, the main of which was his stay in a hospital for the mentally ill, but it is there that Ivan's fate changes tremendously, because there he meets the Master. The master became a wise teacher for Homeless, able to teach Ivan to distinguish between false and true life values and who managed to help him choose the right path in life.
It is also impossible not to note the role of evil and impure forces in the life of the Master and Margarita. Indeed, in the end, Woland helped the lovers reunite and find peace and happiness, for the Master and Margarita, Woland and his retinue truly "made good."
Another interesting fact is that good in the understanding of M.A. Bulgakov is not so clear. For example, if we recall the life path of Margarita, one cannot but pay attention to the fact that her life was not righteous, because Margarita was not a faithful wife, agreed to become a real witch, angrily and mercilessly took revenge literary critics and accepted help from Satan himself, however, despite all these facts, Margarita seems to us an exceptional and ideal woman, in whose soul there is a place for sincere love, mercy and courage. Margarita has the right outlook on life, she appreciates spirituality, and not something material and empty. On the pages of the novel among Muscovites, there may be many decent family men and restrained and intelligent people, but this is absolutely not enough to be considered a person who carries only good in himself, especially if hatred and envy are hidden behind the mask of decency and intelligence, which is why Margarita is much stronger wins over the reader than, for example, members of MASSOLIT.
The problem of the ambiguity of good and evil is also raised by the author on the Yershelayim pages of the novel. In the Yershelayim chapters, the conventionality of such concepts as " a kind person"and" an evil man. "At first glance, it may seem that one cannot talk about the kindness of Pontius Pilate, because he could not find the courage to overcome the fear of responsibility because of his position, as a result of which Yeshua was sentenced to death. Pontius Pilate of all he felt in his soul that Yeshua was innocent, but he could not prevent the execution of the sentence. Because of Pontius Pilate, an innocent person died, it would seem, how can one then look for something bright in his soul? But, having repented, Pontius Pilate was able to find forgiveness and freedom His indifference and pangs of conscience meant the presence of light and purity in the soul, which is why Pontius Pilate was still able to climb the lunar road and follow it along with Yeshua and his dearest earthly creature - his beloved dog.
At the same time, I immediately want to turn to the image of Judas. And on his soul lies a grave sin for the death of Yeshua, the only difference is that Judas did not regret what he had done, there was no place for mercy and conscience in his heart, for the sake of money he could easily doom a person to death and continue to think about his personal life, make plans and live a calm and contented life. Indifference and cruel composure - that's what distinguishes Judas from Pontius Pilate. That is why Judas did not deserve salvation and was deprived of his life.
Thus, according to M.A. Bulgakov, one cannot divide the world into good and evil, good and bad people. Life is incredibly complicated, so you cannot judge a person without trying to understand his character, without knowing anything about his fate and past. Through the mouth of Woland in a conversation with Levi Matvey A.M. Bulgakov expressed a very important thought: “You uttered your words as if you did not recognize shadows, as well as evil. Would you be so kind to think about the question: what would your good do if evil did not exist, and how would what would the earth look like if shadows disappeared from it? After all, shadows come from objects and people. Here is the shadow from my sword. But there are shadows from trees and from living beings. Do you want to tear off the whole globe, blowing away all the trees and all living things because of your fantasy to enjoy the naked light? M.A. Bulgakov notes the importance of both evil and good in people's lives, because both light and shadow are equally important in life. Good and evil are integral parts of the life of all people as a whole, and separately - the soul of each person, but only the person himself is able to choose the path he has to follow. That is why M.A. Bulgakov does not give clear answers and does not inspire any particular point of view, in the novel "The Master and Margarita" he only shows possible roads to life path and the reader must draw his own conclusions. That is why, after so many years, the novel "The Master and Margarita" remains just as relevant and interesting for people, because every reader is able to find and see a part of himself in it, after which he will never be able to remain indifferent to the great work of M.A. Bulgakov.
There is nothing absolutely white and absolutely black in the world, as they say: "Even the sun has spots." Without evil, there would be no good, therefore, these two forces complement each other. In Bulgakov's novel, Woland personified evil, but he also promoted goodness, turning and ridiculing human vices, punishing everyone with justice. Woland helped the Master and Margarita reunite, albeit through difficult trials.
The personification of goodness in the novel is Yeshua, who preaches love, mercy and compassion. He managed to touch the hearts of many people, awakening in them the truth and faith in love. And despite the fact that Yeshua was crucified, the seeds of goodness sown by him remained, they continued to grow and bear fruit. If we take the Bible as a basis and talk about Yeshua as Jesus Christ, then we can say that his memory is alive to this day. Billions of people around the world believe in him, living according to the commandments he left, which means that the good he sowed continues to live, changing people for the better, directing them to the truth and to the light.
In the novel, good and evil are like partners in a pair dance: one complements the other and together they make an excellent tandem. Bulgakov showed in his work that evil and good are always there, constantly replacing each other. In life, as in this novel, human virtue borders on meanness, cowardice, betrayal and cowardice.
The most striking example of the manifestation of cowardice is the act of the Procurator, who sent Yeshua to execution. Bulgakov was excellent at arranging and binding storyline a novel with bible chapters. And in his work, he, in my opinion, tried to convey to people main idea that everything in this world is relative, except for the eternal and all-conquering power - the power of love. God is love - this is said in the Bible, love conquers everything, believes everything ... So in Bulgakov's novel, good and evil united in order for love to triumph. This means that love is more important and higher than all the forces of good and evil combined. Good and evil in the famous novel serve as tools that complement each other.
For example, Woland arranges a spectacular performance, the participants of which are the people themselves, here masks come off them and their true faces are revealed. “The whole world is a theater, and the people in it are actors,” said Shakespeare. And sometimes people really act as puppets in the hands of fate and higher forces, but they defeat these forces and restore the balance of two principles - good and evil - true love, all-conquering and all-forgiving.
The embodiment of love in the work is Margarita herself, and she also combines both good and evil. She has to become a real witch in order to fight for her love. Without interacting with the forces of evil, she would not have been able to achieve good, would not have fulfilled her main purpose - to return her beloved.
Bulgakov touched upon in his novel moral values, demonstrating that life consists of the eternal struggle of good and evil, of light and darkness, and just as there is no dawn without night, so there is no love without pain and suffering.
