Presentation on the topic: "A writer like Astafiev, with his Russian sensitivity and curiosity for new things, with his knowledge of life, understanding of what is okay in life and what is not so good." Download for free and without registration
A writer like Astafyev, with his Russian sensitivity and curiosity for new things, with his knowledge of life, understanding of what is okay in life and what is not very much is needed, oh, how much is needed today. A writer like Astafyev, with his Russian sensitivity and curiosity for new things, with his knowledge of life, understanding of what is okay in life and what is not very much is needed, oh, how much is needed today. A. Makarov A. Makarov
Viktor Petrovich Astafiev (May 1, 1924, Ovsyanka village, Yenisei province November 29, 2001, Krasnoyarsk, buried in Ovsyanka) Viktor Petrovich Astafiev (May 1, 1924, Ovsyanka village, Yenisei province November 29, 2001, Krasnoyarsk, buried in Soviet Russian writer. Soviet and Russian writer. Viktor Petrovich Astafiev (May 1, 1924, Ovsyanka village, Yenisei province November 29, 2001, Krasnoyarsk, buried in Ovsyanka) Viktor Petrovich Astafiev (May 1, 1924, Ovsyanka village, Yenisei province November 29, 2001, Krasnoyarsk, buried in Soviet Russian writer. Soviet and Russian writer.
20 points At the front, Astafiev was a driver, an artillery reconnaissance officer, a signalman. Until the end of the war, Viktor Petrovich remained a simple soldier. Until the end of the war, Viktor Petrovich remained a simple soldier. At the front, Astafyev was a driver, an artillery reconnaissance officer, a signalman. Until the end of the war, Viktor Petrovich remained a simple soldier. Until the end of the war, Viktor Petrovich remained a simple soldier.
In Chusovoy, Astafyev worked as a mechanic, auxiliary worker, teacher, station attendant, storekeeper, journalist for the newspaper Chusovskoy Rabochy. In Chusovoy, Astafyev worked as a mechanic, auxiliary worker, teacher, station attendant, storekeeper, journalist for the newspaper Chusovskoy Rabochy.
After long wanderings around the country, the writer settled in native oatmeal, which became a kind of "cultural Mecca" of the Krasnoyarsk Territory; here he was visited by prominent writers, cultural figures, politicians and simply grateful readers. Here he is buried - Viktor Astafiev died in 2001
10 points Works of V. Astafiev are translated into many languages of the world Works of V. Astafiev are translated into many languages of the world. What are the most famous ones? 10 points Works of V. Astafiev are translated into many languages of the world Works of V. Astafiev are translated into many languages of the world. What are the most famous ones? Starodub (1960), Theft (1968), Last Bow (1968), The Shepherd and the Shepherdess (1971), The Tsar Fish (1977), The Sad Detective (1986), The Sighted staff "(1991)," Cursed and Killed "(1994) and others.
Where are these lines from? Where are these lines from? “The music flows quieter, more transparent, I hear, and my heart lets go. And this is not music, but the key flows from under the mountain. Someone has sunk his lips to the water, drinks, drinks and cannot get drunk - his mouth and inside are so withered. For some reason one sees the Yenisei, quiet in the night, on it a raft with a spark ... "One sees for some reason a quiet Yenisei in the night, on it a raft with a spark ..." Where are these lines from? Where are these lines from? “The music flows quieter, more transparent, I hear, and my heart lets go. And this is not music, but the key flows from under the mountain. Someone has sunk his lips to the water, drinks, drinks and cannot get drunk - his mouth and inside are so withered. For some reason, one sees the Yenisei, quiet in the night, on it a raft with a spark ... "Seems for some reason, a quiet Yenisei in the night, on it a raft with a spark ..." A Distant and Close Tale "from the narration in the stories" The Last Bow "(1968) 1968 The main character, Vitya Potylitsin, listens to the" Aginsky Polonaise "performed by the village Vasi the violinist, a patient. lonely Pole ...
From the story of Viktor Astafiev "To live life"
30 points What work of Astafiev was "born" from school essay future writer? One of his first works was an essay written at school, which in the future was turned by the writer into the story "Vasyutkino Lake". in the future, turned by the writer into the story "Vasyutkino Lake". One of his first works was an essay written at school, which in the future was turned by the writer into the story "Vasyutkino Lake". in the future, turned by the writer into the story "Vasyutkino Lake".
40 points. Why Why is Last Bow not a collection of stories, but a single work? Why Why is Last Bow not a collection of stories, but a single work? since all its elements are united by one theme, and the narration is conducted on behalf of the boy Viti Potylitsin "The Last Bow" is not a collection of stories, but a single work, since all its elements are united by one theme, and the narration is conducted on behalf of the boy Viti Potylitsin, an orphan living with Grandma.
50 points. "My own game". Name the work: "Before people were going to cover Vasya with a lid, I squeezed forward and, without saying a word, put a violin and a bow on his chest, on the violin I threw several living flowers of my mother-stepmother, which I plucked from the bridging bridge." Name the work: "Before people were going to cover Vasya with a lid, I squeezed forward and, without saying a word, put a violin and a bow on his chest, on the violin I threw several living flowers of my mother-stepmother, which I plucked from the bridging bridge."
Point of view 20 points "Perhaps this is the most serious crime of the communists ..." Continue the thought of the writer. Continue the thought of the writer. 20 points "Perhaps this is the most serious crime of the communists ..." Continue the thought of the writer. Continue the thought of the writer. Perhaps this is the most serious crime of the communists that made people atheists, deprived of faith in a heavenly future. That there is light, there is God, there is the Mother of God, there is God, there is the Mother of God.
30 points "Can't" Russia cannot survive without ... "Russia without ..." Without what, V. Astafiev believes, Russia cannot survive? "Russia cannot survive without ..." Russia without ... "Without what, V. Astafiev believes, Russia cannot survive? Russia cannot survive without its agriculture, without its village. "My dear village, how are you there ... taken away from the roots, with a chopped trunk?" ("Seryozhki") Russia cannot survive without its agriculture, without its village. "My dear village, how are you there ... taken away from the roots, with a chopped trunk?" ("Earrings")
40 points What, according to the writer, is the greatest joy on earth? What, according to the writer, is the greatest joy on earth? Our land is fair to everyone, even if it gives a little joy to every living soul ... and the most priceless, disinterested joy is life itself! " ("Falling Leaf")
50 points Suppose that the writer answered the question: "What would you wish our people?" "What would you wish our people?" in an interview with Literaturnaya Gazeta? (Feb. No 6. From the dialogue between Irina Rishina and Viktor Astafiev) "Resurrection," Resurrection, resurrection, resurrection, resurrection. resurrection. There are forces that are capable of doing this ... to do this ... ... God would help whom we are angry and angry, but he sometimes turns his merciful face to us, forgives us our grave sins, saves and heals us ... "
10 points What is the main reason for the destruction of nature by man? (Based on the story "Tsar-fish") (Based on the story "Tsar-fish") The prose writer bitterly calls the main reason of this phenomenon: the spiritual impoverishment of a person "" For themselves, imperceptibly they cross that fatal line beyond which a person ends, and exposes ... a low-minded mule of a primitive savage. " V. Astafiev
20 points To whom is the author addressing these lines? It is spiritually easy, ... the life of such people is free, ... to everyone with a wide open soul, ... with a feeling of causeless happiness and love for everything. to everyone with a wide open soul, ... with a feeling of causeless happiness and love for everything. The beauty of the human soul "shines through and shines secretly." To whom is the author addressing these lines? It is spiritually easy, ... the life of such people is free, ... to everyone with a wide open soul, ... with a feeling of causeless happiness and love for everything. to everyone with a wide open soul, ... with a feeling of causeless happiness and love for everything. The beauty of the human soul "shines through and shines secretly." People who are able to live in wise harmony with themselves, their own kind and the natural world.
30 points "Tsar-fish" "Tsar-fish" Formulate the main idea of the work. "Tsar-fish" "Tsar-fish" Formulate the main idea of the work. Main idea works - idea the inseparability of Man and Nature The main idea of the work is the idea of the inseparability of Man and Nature
40 points Which ideological and artistic the place of action of "Tsar-fish" is important? What ideological and artistic significance does the Tsar Fish take place? The scene of the Tsar Fish is Siberia. The huge undeveloped space is both a treasure and a pain for Russia. The riches of Siberia are being mastered extensively, without thinking about tomorrow. "Tsar-fish" - Siberia. The huge undeveloped space is both a treasure and a pain for Russia. The riches of Siberia are being mastered extensively, without thinking about tomorrow.
50 points "Furious, badly wounded, but not tamed, she (the king-fish) crashed down somewhere in invisibility ..." symbolic meaning has a man's struggle with the king-fish? "Furious, badly wounded, but not tamed, she (the king-fish) crashed down somewhere in invisibility ..." "Furious, badly wounded, but not tamed, she (the king-fish) crashed somewhere in invisibility ..." What a symbolic does it make sense to fight a man with a king-fish? "Furious, seriously wounded, but not tamed, she (the king-fish) crashed down somewhere in invisibility ..." A man fights with the king-fish: this is a symbol of the development and taming of nature by a person who is connected with Nature by the closest connection, but forgot about it and destroys himself and her. ”Man fights the king-fish: it is a symbol of the development and taming of nature by man, who is connected with Nature by the closest connection, but has forgotten about this and destroys himself and her.
10 points A real event in life and in literature was the work of V.P. Astafiev, awarded the State Prize of the USSR in 1978 Name him? Name it? 10 points A real event in life and in literature was the work of V.P. Astafiev, awarded the State Prize of the USSR in 1978 Name him? Name it? The story "Tsar-fish"
40 points. Round "Your own game". For what work of V.P. Astafiev was awarded the Triumph Prize for outstanding achievements in literature and art. the Triumph Prize, awarded for excellence in literature and art. For what work of V.P. Astafiev was awarded the Triumph Prize for outstanding achievements in literature and art. the Triumph Prize, awarded for excellence in literature and art. After the publication of the novel Cursed and Killed (1995) Astafiev was awarded the Triumph Prize for outstanding achievements in literature and art. and killed ”(1995) Astafiev was awarded the“ Triumph ”prize, awarded for outstanding achievements in literature and art. After the publication of the novel Cursed and Killed (1995) Astafiev was awarded the Triumph Prize for outstanding achievements in literature and art. and killed ”(1995) Astafiev was awarded the“ Triumph ”prize, awarded for outstanding achievements in literature and art.
50 points What rewards for your creative activity was awarded V.P. Astafiev? What awards did V.P. Astafiev? Hero of Socialist Labor, Laureate of the State Prize of the RSFSR im. Gorky (1975), Laureate of the State Prize of the USSR (1978, 1991), the Triumph Prize (1995), the State Prize of Russia (1996 and posthumously), the Pushkin Prize of the Alfred Toepfer Foundation (Germany; 1997).
Equipment: computer, projector, interactive whiteboard, Oginsky's polonaise “Farewell to the Motherland”, slide presentation for the lesson.
During the classes
I. Motivational stage of the lesson. Goal setting.
The music of Oginsky's polonaise "Farewell to the Motherland" is played. (Annex 1)
Preliminary educational task: try not only to listen, but to “get used to” the sounding music.
A) Questions and comments after listening.
An appeal to the lexical meaning of the word "polonaise" (solemn piece of music; ballroom dance)
What thoughts, feelings have arisen while listening to music?
Can the same music always evoke the same emotions?
What does it depend on? Give examples from life, literature?
(A person under different circumstances and at different ages can perceive music in different ways. V.P. Astafiev's story "A Distant and Close Fairy Tale")
The story of V.P. Astafieva “A Distant and Close Fairy Tale” Opens the work of the writer “The Last Bow”. Why do you think V.P. Astafyev called his work like that? "Bow" to what?
(Childhood, grandmother, native place)
Define each for himself a goal that he would like to achieve in the lesson.
II. Verification of the primary perception of the story. Conversation on questions.
- From whose person does the story tell?
- Who is in the center of Viti Potylitsyn's attention? Why? What extraordinary did the village boy find in Vasya-Pole? And what is the singularity of the story?
- How does the storyteller strive to convey to us his perception of the music?
(Highlighting the main episodes confirming the idea previously expressed by the children)
- How can this be fixed in order to always keep it in mind and what would make our work easier? (Drawing up a table corresponding to the topic of the lesson on an interactive board and in notebooks)
Episode no. | When and where did I listen to music | The "language" of music | Feelings caused by music | Images evoked by music | What the music prompted |
First hearing | In early autumn, bring in | "Quiet and lonely", "it has become more terrible", "such a horror", a lonely violin does not threaten, complains "," there is no creepy "," the violin fell silent, exhaling the pain "," broke off with a groan in the skies " | “I was afraid to breathe loudly”, “cold under my shirt”, music nailed to the wall ”,“ fear lets go of the heart ”,“ sorry for something, for myself ”,“ delight ”,“ heart wounded for life by music ”,“ tears "," There was no strength to rise " | “The key is flowing”, “someone is drinking”, “quiet Yenisei”, “a man, a baggage train, something blurred with ooze, a grandmother tearing hairs,” “talks about my illness,” “a formidable stream,” “thunders, lightning " | “I wanted to die all abandoned and forgotten,” “I made my way to the guardhouse, sat on the threshold. "Play, uncle, more" |
Second hearing | In Vasya-Pole's guardhouse, at night | "Softer, kinder, anxiety and pain", "the violin no longer groaned, her soul did not ooze with blood, the fire did not rage ... the stones did not collapse" | “The violin touched again the very strings that were heated during the previous playing and had not cooled down yet”, a feeling of gratitude (“ thank you, uncle ")," nothing is scary now "," the world is kind and lonely " | I went to my mother’s grave, asked for forgiveness for oblivion, “I didn’t want to go home” | |
Third hearing | "In the last military autumn, in a small, broken Polish city, at the post near the cannons." | “The sounds of the organ spilled over”, “the music unfolded the soul…,“ everything, everything was exposed, from all over the clothes were torn off ”,“ everything was turned inside out with a dirty side ”. | "My throat is squeezed, squeezed" | Vasya the Pole, "music is like a sigh of the native land" | “I sounded like a battle cry, called somewhere, forced to do something to extinguish these fires ... so that people would go into their house ...” |
III. Organization of mini-research. Work in groups to analyze episodes and fill out the table (in notebooks, a representative from the group - on an interactive board)
IV. Report on the work of groups with the completion of the table on the interactive whiteboard.
Each group formulates a conclusion about the power of the impact of music on the narrator.
When analyzing the second episode, in addition to the content of Vasya the Pole's story, a historical background is given. (In March 1794, an uprising began in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, led by Tadeusz Kosciuszko. Count Michal-Kleofas Oginsky is his ardent supporter. He was elected to the National Council, at one of the meetings of which he declared: labor and life. ”At his own expense, he formed a large armed detachment, which he himself commanded. He replaced the old coat of arms of the Oginsky with a shield with the motto:“ Freedom. Resilience. Independence. ”After the defeat of the uprising, M. Oginsky was forced to flee to Italy).
Teacher: The story "Far and Near Tale" was written in the 60s of the last century. In it V.P. Astafiev revealed to us the ability of music to influence a person, to shape his thoughts and feelings.
V. Reflection. Preparing for homework.
It's the 21st century. And music continues to excite with the help of its language, evoke reciprocal feelings. Listen to a poem by the contemporary poetess Tatyana Savostyanova.
What could be more eloquent than hands?
What could be more eloquent than hands
More sensitive, softer and more tender?
For a musician, Fingers are an image! Hearing -
Endless movement of chords.
Then the sounds are careful and quiet
Or perky, pitifully sad.
From all sides, outside, inside,
Arising on purpose and by accident.
Mad whispering foliage
Autumn morning, the wind is crying hysterical
I can hear the rattling of darkness
And the rustle of the waves, and the cry of the gulls dejected.
Everything in music, nature and me
Merges, diverges in circles ...
I melt ... Wake or in a dream ...
Like a milky road underfoot.
Questions and tasks for the analysis of the poem.
- Determine the theme and idea of the poem.
- Why does the author call the musician's hands "eloquent"?
- Look for lines to prove this.
- Indicate the lines by which the author conveys the power of the impact of the music on the listener.
Teacher: I am an adult ... But just like you, I once studied at school. I still remember how one day, at a singing lesson (as “music” was then called), we listened in class to Oginsky's polonaise “Farewell to the Motherland”.
There was dead silence in the classroom, and for some reason we were sad ...
Many years later, I read “The Last Bow”, which began with the story “A Distant and Near Tale”. This work caused a storm of feelings in me, I even cried. And then the poem "A Distant and Close Fairy Tale, or Reading Astafiev ..." was born. (I read a poem against the background of the polonaise - author)
Silence over the world and peace,
Only the violin is crying over the river
And the sounds of melancholy sing in the night,
talking about pain and separation.
The violin's soul languishes about the country,
Which is very good:
Oginsky's Polonaise played
A man who did not know his homeland.
In it Oginsky after many years
I sent my regards to the Motherland.
Yenisei echoed to help the violin,
Singing to her about the cherished.
- Hidden, I listened to the chant
And I learned a lot with my soul.
I learned longing, sadness and pain
About a distant and foreign country,
I learned that the hard paths
I will have to walk on the ground.
41st. The war began.
The violin string broke.
The gentle voice is replaced by a hum.
He instills horror, fear and pain.
And the Almighty ordered me
Find yourself in that foreign country.
Through a series of years gone by
Oginsky sent me greetings again:
Through fire conflagrations, explosions hurricane
I heard the organ sound!
How? Where did this sound come from?
I see: there is a face on the wall of the Holy ...
And in his eyes a direct reproach
For a bloody tornado, war, ruin ...
The music sounded stronger and stronger!
The thunder of guns burst through her! ..
But she took power over fear,
So strong was the passion around the world!
Stop, people, a feast of death -
May peace reign in the world!
You don't need to say anything now. Let's just sit in silence. Let's let the soul cope with the surging feelings, and at home ...
Homework.
Write an essay “Soul touched by music…”.
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Life path Born on May 1, 1924 in the village of Ovsyanka, Krasnoyarsk Territory. The village of Ovsyanka is located near the city of Krasnoyarsk on the banks of the Mana River.
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Mother Lydia Ilyinichna “Take care of mothers, people! Take care! They come only once and never come back, and no one can replace them! " In memory of his mother Viktor Petrovich dedicated the story "Pass"
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Grandmother Grandmother Potylitsina Ekaterina Petrovna with her children: Ivan, Dmitry, Maria In the vast world of childhood, the main person of Viktor Astafiev was his grandmother, Ekaterina Petrovna. Kind, caring, endlessly forgiving her beloved grandson - an orphan ... and strong, hardy, resourceful, domineering. General and more! And a cheerful, talkative, wise healer-herbalist, patient worker, mother of a huge family. “My grandmother always heard me. She always came to me at the right and difficult moment. always saved me, eased my pains and troubles. " The story "The Last Bow" is dedicated to her - a memory of childhood and adolescence.
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“When you become adults and you have children - love them! Love! Beloved children are not orphans. No need for orphans! " Orphanage. Igarka. Spring 1941
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In war as in war Astafiev V.P. (1945) In the army from October 1942 to October 1945 “It's difficult to write about war ... Happy is he who does not know it, and I would like to wish everyone kind people: and never know her. And not to know, not to carry hot coals in my heart, burning health, sleep ... my heart is afraid ... it is difficult for me to write about the war, although “in me” a book about the war, about “my war” goes and goes on its own course, without stopping, without leaving me and my memory alone. "
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Literary creativity Since 1951 he began to engage in literary work. The result of his writing activity was a 15-volume collected works.
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A collection of stories about the people of Siberia, adults and children, all those who know how to value true friendship, love nature. "Horse with a Pink Mane" is a story of the writer about his own childhood, in which there were hikes for strawberries and swimming in the river, and grandmother and grandfather, about whom the author writes with special warmth and love.
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There was a people's war ... The theme of war occupied a special place in the writer's work. One of the stories of the autobiographical book "The Last Bow" about the harsh youth of a Siberian boy during the war.
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Most famous works writer: "Starodub" (1960), "Theft" (1968), "Last bow" (1968), "Shepherd and shepherdess" (1973), "Tsar-fish" (1977), "Sad detective" (1986), The Sighted Staff (1991) has been translated into many languages. Based on the works of V.P. Astafiev made films: "Twice Born", "Starfall", "Somewhere War Thunders", "Taiga Tale" and others. Based on his works, plays have been staged: "Bird cherry" (based on the story "Hands of the Wife"), "Forgive Me" (based on the story "Starfall") In 1999 Krasnoyarsk state theater opera and ballet staged the ballet "Tsar-fish" based on the stories included in the book "Tsar-fish". Choreographer Sergei Bobrov.
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The work of the writer was marked by many awards State Prize of Russia (1975, 1978, 1991, 1995, 1996, 2003 (posthumously): International Pushkin Prize of the Alfred Toepfer Foundation (Germany; 1997); Prize of the International Literary Fund "For the Honor and Dignity of Talent" (1998); Literary Prize named after Apollon Grigoriev for the story "The Merry Soldier" (1999) From 1989 to 1991, Astafyev was a People's Deputy of the USSR. Hero of Socialist Labor,
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Chapel Chapel - Church of St. Innocent - Bishop of Irkutsk, the project of the famous architect of Krasnoyarsk A.S. Demirkhanov. Krasnoyarsk builders erected it in just three weeks. There was no church in the village since 1934. Finally, the dream of Viktor Petrovich Astafiev came true. According to the writer's will, he was buried after his death in this temple.
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The hall was full, everyone froze and waited, That a giant would come out to meet us, That medals would ring out on his jacket, And he would talk for a long time ... alone. But now, with difficulty, the gray-haired man, a stooped man, came up to us on the stage. There is no doubt, he knows the price of life: He was spinning, spinning the twentieth century. He spoke and fancied king fish, Barefoot childhood, white snow ... Big life is an unwritten book, The last bow is a memory for centuries. Anya Mamontova 1999
Lesson topic: About the eternal moral values
(Outline of a lesson based on the story of V.P. Astafiev "A Distant and Close Fairy Tale")
Target: to provide the necessary educational and aesthetic impact on spiritual world students to support their interest in literature.
Before the beginning of the lesson, place on the blackboard two excerpts from M. Sholokhov's novel “ Quiet Don”:
“… I love Don as hell, all this old, centuries-old way of life
Cossack life. I love my Cossacks, Cossacks - I love everything. From the smell of the steppe
I want to cry. And here's another, when the sunflower blooms and over the Don smells of soaked
rain by vineyards - I love so deeply and painfully ... "
“In foreign lands, both the earth and the grass smell differently. More than once in Poland, Ukraine and the Crimea he rubbed a gray wormwood panicle in his palms, smelled and thought with anguish: "No, not that, someone else's ..."
Teacher ... Announces the topic of the lesson and reads these wonderful statements.
These words, he emphasizes, are spoken by people of different social groups.
The first - says Evgeny Lestnitsky, a gentleman, an educated person who owns
several foreign languages. The second - belong to Grigory Melekhov, he
a simple Cossack, a plowman, a man from the plow, barely comprehending the initial literacy.
Question to the class. What do these people have in common?
Pupils. Love to motherland.
Teacher. Yes, love for the homeland, love for the Don makes these people related, makes them equal.
They both love their homeland with tender filial love, love it anxiously and faithfully.
They are patriots. After all, the attitude of a person to his homeland, fatherland is seen through the attitude of a person to a small homeland. Each of you guys have their own small homeland. I would like you to tell about your small homeland.
Student responses:
Here is the railway station, this is the homeland of my parents, their childhood passed here, far from the noise of the city. There are only a few houses here. I was not born here anymore ... There is no better place for my parents on the whole earth. They were able to convey their love for their small homeland to me. Here we rest every summer. Behind the houses there is a dense wall of slender fir trees, and there, behind the wall, there is a mixed forest, it stretches endlessly and without edge. The sun's rays are amazing, making their way through the crown of trees. And what the forest air smells like! Amazing, unique smell! There is much more to it. Than wealth.
But a big modern city is my small homeland. Every day dozens of trains leave the station from here to different parts of Russia. The millionth city lives its own life. And there, on the outskirts, there is still a street, untouched by asphalt ... Here every spring the earth is covered with emerald greenery. The street consists of wooden houses. And one of these houses is mine. Here I grew up, here everything is familiar and dear to me. And older women go out to sit on the bench every evening. I am in a hurry here, I feel good here, they are always waiting for me. This is my small homeland.
Teacher: Let's think about these questions: how do you understand the feeling of homeland? Do you experience this feeling yourself? What is homeland for you? Is everyone so closely linked their life with their homeland?
Students:
Per last years there have been great changes. People hardened souls, a wave of indifference swept over many. That is why villages die, the sick old people are forgotten in these villages. Lost connection with native land th, with its roots, there is indifference to each other, to their loved ones, to their land, twisted by iron, poisoned by chemistry, forgotten by everyone and overgrown with weeds. And houses are boarded up, overripe apples are crumbled in overgrown orchards, wells are clogged, the graves of the ancestors are ruined. We feel how good, disinterestedness and mercy disappear from our lives. Kindness and love remain less and less, only the experience of cruelty and heartlessness accumulates. Just as earlier, with our tacit consent, temples created by the hands of our ancestors-creators were destroyed, so now, sometimes, without any need and sense, historical monuments are being demolished. What is happening to us? We love our homeland so much, but at the same time, we are often so indifferent to it.
The salvation of memory begins with the recovery of one's own soul. After all, everyone has a father's house, where they taught to live according to conscience and honor. The homeland has always been a savior, it gave strength for healing and revival of the soul. And how you sometimes want to give up everything and go there, to your native places, to breathe the air of joy and childhood!
Teacher, yes, the feeling of homeland is one of the most important feelings, it makes a person's life meaningful, filled with special content. Many people connect their life and destiny with the destiny of their homeland for life, allotted to a person. We know a lot of examples of this:
Pushkin and Mikhailovskoe.
Lermontov and Tarkhany.
L. Tolstoy and Yasnaya Polyana.
M. Sholokhov and Veshenskaya.
V. Astafiev and Siberia.
Today we will get acquainted with the story Victor Petrovich Astafiev "A distant and close fairy tale"... It tells about the tragedy of a man who was deprived of his homeland. We are talking about a man whose homeland was Poland. He never saw his homeland, since he was already born outside of it. But the thought of his homeland warmed him, helped to overcome hardships and hardships in a foreign land. A connecting thread from a distant homeland for our hero was the music of the Polish composer Oginsky, especially the Oginsky polonaise Farewell to the Motherland. This everlasting music our hero played the violin, his favorite instrument. ( Polonaise by M. Oginsky sounds in the recording“Farewell to the homeland. ") Message about Oginsky: Oginsky Mikhail Andreevich (1765 - 1833) - count, Polish statesman, composer, violinist. From the age of 19 he was in the civil service, was a deputy of the four-year Diet. In 1793 - 1794. served as state treasurer. Participated in the uprising led by Kosciuszko (1794). After the suppression of the uprising, he was expelled from Poland. Leaving his homeland, he wrote his famous polonaise Farewell to the Homeland.
Reading V. Astafiev's story "A Distant and Close Fairy Tale".
Questions for the class:
What is this story about?
Who the main character? How does it make you feel?
Can we call him a person of high moral character?
What is the main feeling that Vasya, a Pole, carried through his whole life?
What helped the hero to survive in this difficult life and not to lose the best human qualities.
Tasks. Support your answers with extracts from the text.
The final conclusion of the teacher. Yes, guys, we got acquainted with an amazing piece. Our hero lived all his life in a foreign land, but he loved his Poland dearly and dearly. Love for his homeland helped him survive in a foreign land. And the thread connecting Vasya with his homeland was music, a violin. In the painful moments of his life, he picked up the violin. She cried, being carried away - far away, the soul of Vasya, the Pole, was also crying, gaining strength to live.
Question. Is there another hero in the work?
The answer is yes there is. This is the writer himself, then the boy - Vitya Astafiev.
Questions for the class:
What happened to the boy Vitya after he heard the violin?
How did Vitya begin to relate to Vasya, the Pole, after listening to music?
Can you do what Vitya did?
What happened to the boy after everything he heard and experienced?
Will Vitya be a real son of his Fatherland? Will he truly love and serve his homeland?
The teacher's conclusion:
Yes, the boy Vitya Astafiev is growing up before our eyes. He heard extraordinary music from his distant homeland of Poland. Vitya looked at the life around him in a completely different way, he understood a lot. We see Vitya completely different. He is capable of an independent act. Vitya teaches us a lot.
Are you capable of a real deed? After all, the time will come when each of you must ask yourself: “What is my homeland for me? Am I capable of acting in the name of my homeland? " and we must again and again listen to the words of Vasya the Pole: “If a person has no mother, no father, but has a homeland, he is not an orphan yet. Everything happens: love, regrets about it, bitterness of loss, even pain from wounds occurs, but the homesickness never - never goes away and does not go away ...
Development of a music lesson in grade 5 on the topic: "Music and Literature"
Mishina Galina Nikolaevna,
music teacher MAOU secondary school № 32 Krasnoyarsk
Section of the program: "Writers and poets about music and musicians"
Polonaise by M. Oginsky in V. Astafiev's story "The Last Bow" - Book 1 "A Distant and Close Fairy Tale".
Foreword: In the Music Program of the authors G.P. Sergeeva, E.D. Kritskaya, the authors designate intonation as a single core of two different arts- music and literature. The ability to feel and understand the musical language based on the intonations of folk music is laid in a person from childhood. The prose of the great Siberian writer Viktor Astafiev fascinatingly introduces the reader to the world of figurative and emotional perception of music by a child, makes him feel more deeply the expressiveness of the melody of Oginsky's polonaise. The lesson is aimed at deepening the interested perception of music and literary text, at the passion for listening and reading. An important role is played by the teacher's artistry, the ability to read Astafiev's text in an interesting way, to expressively perform the song "Thin Rowan".
Purpose: students' awareness of the idea of the emotional impact of music on a person; ideas for everyone understandable musical language that does not require translation.
Tasks:
Get to know new music and new literary work;
Having penetrated into the depth of the content, analyze the works from the point of view of the emotional content;
Find common in different types arts and means of expression;
Try to reach the level of awareness of the idea that music is a language that does not require translation;
Be able to express your emotional state through auditory perception and vocal intonation.
Music: M. Oginsky Polonaise performed on the violin.
Literature:
Internet: Complete works / Astafiev V.P. / A distant and close fairy tale
During the classes.
Teacher: - Associated with this music amazing story... But before you know it, let's listen. Close your eyes and imagine, remember something while listening to this music (listening to the first part of M. Oginsky's Polonaise).
After listening, everyone should speak up. Students talk about what they imagined when the music was played. Usually children define it as a waltz, because of the smooth three-beat movement of the main melody.
Teacher: - It was no coincidence that we met this play today. Its name is Polonaise (the word is written on the board, the half-root is underlined). What country did this dance come from? (The word Poland is written next to it).
Once in a Siberian village, where in those ancient times there were no computers, no televisions, or even electricity, a little boy heard this melody for the first time in his life, it was performed on the violin by a person “out of this world”. And this incident sunk into the boy's soul so much that, as an adult writer, he composed a story about it. This boy was ... (a slide appears with a photograph of V. Astafiev in childhood, then his own photo in adulthood) who recognized him, guys? And in what village was Viktor Astafiev born?
As the children answer the questions, the teacher continues:
In Ovsyanka Vitya lived with his grandmother, Vasya the Pole, a man who had such things that no one else in the village had: glasses and a violin, came to visit them. He played the violin very rarely. But one late evening Vitya happened to hear how he played in his hut on the edge of the village. And now I want to turn to Astafiev's text and read with you the lines where Viktor Petrovich describes his impressions of this music (perhaps, if you wish, read it under the quiet sound of Oginsky's Polonaise).
The aspiring student is asked to illustrate the picture reading slides 4-9. The picture suitable for the episode of the text is opened by a hyperlink with a return back.
It is desirable to have the text on desks for each student in order to participate in the reading (in turn, in a chain, at the discretion of the teacher).
“… From under the log, from the interweaving of hops and bird cherries, from the deep interior of the earth, music arose and nailed me to the wall.
It became even more frightening: on the left is a cemetery, in front there is a ridge with a hut, on the right is a terrible hare behind the village, where there are many white bones and where for a long time, grandmother said, a man was perplexed, behind a dark delivery, behind it the village, vegetable gardens covered with thistles, from a distance like black clouds of smoke.
I alone, alone, there is such a horror all around, and also music - a violin. A very, very lonely violin. And she does not threaten at all. Complains. And nothing at all creepy. And there is nothing to be afraid of. Fool-fool! How can you be afraid of music? Fool-fool, never listened to one, that's it ...
The music flows quieter, more transparent, I hear, and my heart lets go. And this is not music, but the key flows from under the mountain. Someone has sunk his lips to the water, drinks, drinks and cannot get drunk - his mouth and inside are so withered.
For some reason, one sees the Yenisei, quiet in the night, on it a raft with a sparkle. An unknown person shouts from the raft: "What village-ah-ah?" - Why? Where is he sailing? And the train on the Yenisei is seen, long, creaky. He also leaves somewhere. Dogs are running on the side of the convoy. The horses walk slowly, drowsily. And you can still see a crowd on the banks of the Yenisei, something wet, washed out with mud, village people all over the bank, a grandmother tearing hair on her head.
This music speaks of sadness, it speaks of my illness, how I was ill with malaria for the whole summer, how scared I was when I stopped hearing and thought that I would forever be deaf, like Alyoshka, my cousin, and how she appeared to me in in a feverish dream, my mother put a cold hand with blue nails to her forehead. I screamed and did not hear my scream.
In the hut, a screwed-down lamp burned all night, my grandmother showed me the corners, shone a lamp under the stove, under the bed, they say, no one was there.
I also remember the sweat of the girl, little white, laughing, her hand is drying out. Vozniki took her to the city for treatment.
And again the train appeared.
He is all going somewhere, going, hiding in the icy hummocks, in the frosty fog. The horses are getting smaller, smaller, and the last one was cleared away by the fog. Lonely, somehow empty, ice, cold and motionless dark rocks with motionless forests.
But the Yenisei was gone, neither winter nor summer; again the live vein of the key was hammered behind Vasya's hut. The key began to grow fat, and not one key, two, three, already a formidable stream gushes out of the rock, rolls stones, breaks trees, twists them by their roots, carries them, twists them. He is about to sweep away the hut under the mountain, wash away the delivery and bring everything down from the mountains. Thunder will strike in the sky, lightning will flash, mysterious fern flowers will flash from them. Flowers will light up the forest, light up the earth, and even the Yenisei will not be able to fill this fire - nothing can stop such a terrible storm!
"But what is this ?! Where are the people, then? What are they looking at ?! They would have tied Vasya!"
But the violin itself put out everything. Again, one person is yearning, again something is a pity, someone is going somewhere again, maybe by train, maybe on a raft, maybe on foot he goes to distant distances.
The world has not burned down, nothing has collapsed. Everything is in place. Moon with a star in place. The village, already without lights, is in place, the cemetery is in eternal silence and peace, a guardhouse under the ridge, enveloped by burning bird cherry trees and a quiet string of a violin.
Everything is in place. Only my heart, seized with grief and delight, as it shook, as it jumped, and beats at my throat, wounded for life by the music.
What did the music tell me about? About the train? About a dead mom? About a girl whose hand is drying up? What was she complaining about? Who was she angry with? Why is it so anxious and bitter for me? Why do you feel sorry for yourself? And it’s a pity for those over there that they sleep deeply in the cemetery. Among them, under the hillock, lies my mother, next to her are two sisters, whom I did not even see: they lived before me, lived a little, and my mother went to them, left me alone in this world, where she beats high through the window in an elegant mourning -that heart [stop playing Polonaise music ].
The music ended abruptly, as if someone had put an imperious hand on the violinist's shoulder: "Well, that's enough!" In mid-sentence, the violin fell silent, fell silent, not crying out, but exhaling the pain. "
After a pause (pause without fail ) teacher asks the question:
Try to answer me when you find out what little Vitya remembered and imagined when he listened to Vasya's violin. What feelings did this music evoke in him?
– Children answer: sadness, sadness, longing.
Teacher : - Let's return to the text of Astafiev himself (slide 9 with phrases from the story). Select words that convey feelings (teacher asks students to write words on the chalkboard).
Teacher: - Tell me, after all, in your life, have you ever been sad? - the answers of children sound.
Teacher: - What do you think, did little Vitya need to have any knowledge about this music - that it is Polonaise, a Polish dance, who composed it, and so on, in order to feel this melancholy in the music?
– Pupils answer: no.
Teacher: But how did he manage it, because he listened to music for the first time in his life?
Listen to the children's answers if you need to generalize, although usually children themselves find the right words to express the idea of the emotional impact of music on anyone who is ready to "listen with their hearts."
Teacher: - You know, Vitya still plucked up courage and went to Vasya's hut. And this is what a Pole told him about this melody (reading a passage by one student, or by a teacher):
“I ... shuddered when Vasya spoke.
This music was written by a man who was deprived of his dearest. - Vasya thought out loud, without ceasing to play. - If a person does not have a mother, does not have a father, but has a homeland, he is not an orphan yet. - For a while Vasya thought to himself. I was waiting. - Everything passes: love, regret for her, bitterness of loss, even the pain from wounds passes, but the longing for the homeland never, never goes away ...
The violin touched again the very strings that had heated up during the previous playing and had not cooled down yet. Vasin's hand shuddered again with pain, but immediately resigned itself, his fingers, gathered into a fist, unclenched.
This music was written by my fellow countryman Oginsky in the tavern - this is the name of our visiting house, - Vasya continued. - I wrote at the border, saying goodbye to my homeland. He sent her one last greetings. For a long time already there is no composer in the world. But his pain, his longing, his love for his native land, which no one could take away, is still alive. "
Have you noticed what word Vasya the Pole pronounces when he talks about the feelings of the author of Polonaise? - Yearning. - What does Mikhail Oginsky yearn for at the border when he writes this music? - About the Motherland. - Was little Vitya able to understand correctly what feeling was contained in the music of Polonaise? - Yes, I could. - How did he do it? - He also experienced this feeling in his life.
Teacher : you know, Victor Astafiev's favorite song was also filled with this feeling. A slide appears with the writer's statement: “I don’t know how much God has given me, but when I die, sing“ what are you standing, swinging… ”and I will hear you in the next world.”
If anyone knows this song, sing along.
The teacher sings the song "Thin Rowan".
Further, learning with the students of the first and second verses in phrases, words and melody are not separated. Separately, work out the singing of long vowels at the endings of phrases (qualityaa yas, slopeyaa yas).
The final of the lesson is the performance of 1-2 verses of the song by willing children in front of classmates.